2013中考英語語法知識盤點(diǎn)第10講非謂語動詞ppt--33張.ppt

第 10 講,非謂語動詞,to listen,watching,going,having,一、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1Our parents tell us _ (listen) carefully in class. 2 I prefer_ (watch) TV at home to _ (go),out on such a rainy day.,opening,not to hang,3How about_ (have) a party this weekend? 4Would you mind_ (open) the door for me? 5We have decided_ (not hang) out after school.,二、完成句子，每空一詞,to,finish,1It took me two hours_ _ (完成) my math,homework last night.,to,learn,how,to,drive,2 It is difficult _ _ _ _,_ (學(xué)習(xí)如何開車),in,doing,3They have many difficulties _ _ (做) the,hard job.,what,to,do,4We dont know_ _ _ (該干什么),next.,stopped,crying,5 The little boy _ _ ( 停止哭泣) and laughed again.,20102012 年廣東省卷考點(diǎn)一覽表,動詞不定式在句中的作用,1作賓語,(1)常接動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有：want, hope, wish, plan,decide, learn, agree, try 等。如：,I want to play basketball this weekend. 這個(gè)周末我想打籃球。,The boy decided to get up early the next day. 男孩決定第二天早點(diǎn)起床。,后接不定式作賓語的動詞：,三個(gè)希望兩答應(yīng)(hope, wish, want, agree, promise)， 一個(gè)要求莫拒絕(demand, refuse)，,設(shè)法學(xué)會做決定(manage, learn, decide)， 不要假裝在選擇(pretend, choose)。,(2)在常用句型“find/thinkitadj.to do sth.”中，it 作 形式賓語，動詞不定式作真正的賓語，放在賓語補(bǔ)足語(adj.)后 面。如：,I find it great to walk along such a beautiful river. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)沿著這么漂亮的河邊散步真是太棒了。,2作賓語補(bǔ)足語,在復(fù)合賓語中，動詞不定式可充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語。常接動詞 不 定 式 作 賓 語 補(bǔ) 足 語 的 動 詞 有 ： want, wish, tell, ask, teach, encourage, invite, allow, urge 等。如：,My mother wants me to be a teacher. 我媽媽想讓我成為一名教師。,She asked the students to say something. 她讓學(xué)生們說一說。,3作狀語,They stay there to wait for the latest news.,他們待在那里等待最新的消息。(作目的狀語),They are too tired to walk.,他們太累了以至于走不動了。(作結(jié)果狀語) 4作表語,Her work is to teach English.她的工作是教英語。,5.作定語(不定式必須放在被修飾的名詞或代詞之后),They have no house to live in.他們無房子可住。,6.作主語(常用 it 作形式主語，而往往將動詞不定式后置),It takes us hours to do our homework every day.,我們每天要花上數(shù)小時(shí)做家庭作業(yè)。,Its not easy to learn a foreign language well.,學(xué)好一門外語不容易。,動詞不定式基本用法：,不定式有標(biāo)記，to 與動原連一起； 沒有人稱數(shù)變化，動詞特點(diǎn)它具備； 主賓定補(bǔ)表狀語，唯獨(dú)作謂不可以； Not 加上不定式，否定結(jié)構(gòu)要牢記； 疑問詞與不定式，構(gòu)成短語有意義； 仔細(xì)推敲多思考，準(zhǔn)確判斷有依據(jù)。,常見的動詞不定式的省略形式,1作 make (使得)/let (讓，允許)/have (請) 的賓語補(bǔ)足語,的動詞不定式常省略 to。如：,The funny child made everyone laugh. 這個(gè)有趣的孩子讓每個(gè)人都笑了。,注意：當(dāng)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí)，省略的 to 要加上。如：,Everyone was made to laugh by the funny child. 每個(gè)人都被這個(gè)有趣的孩子逗笑了。,2感觀動詞“see/watch/notice/hearsb.do”強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的,過程或經(jīng)常性。如：,All of us heard her sing.我們?nèi)悸牭搅怂琛?3had better (not) do sth.意為“最好(不要)做某事”，是固,定搭配。,4Why not do. ？Why dont you do. ？意為“為何不,做”，用于提出建議。,5would rather do.than do. 意 為 “ 寧 愿 做 而 不 愿,做”。,疑問詞不定式,有些動詞，如 ask, know, learn, decide, tell, show, teach 等， 后面可接“疑問代詞或副詞不定式”作賓語。不定式可以和 疑 問代 詞(who, whom, whose, what, which) 或 疑問 副詞 (when, where, how, why)連用構(gòu)成不定式短語。如： I dont know where to go.我不知道去哪兒。 He asked how to do it.他問怎么做。,后接“疑問詞to do”作賓語的動詞： 學(xué)會忘記有難處(learn, forget)，,想知道就別來勸告(wonder, know, advise)， 展開討論教人對付(show, discuss, teach)， 弄清楚才決定告訴(find out, decide, tell)。,(,)1.(2012 年廣東)It took me two weeks _,reading the novels written by Guo Jingming. Afinish Bto finish Cfinishes DFinishing,B,It takes sb. 時(shí)間to do sth. 花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間做某,事，是固定搭配，故選 B。,(,)2.(2012 年廣東廣州)I asked her_the bag,because it was too expensive. A.not to buy B.to buy not C.not buying D.not buy A 題意：我要她不要買這個(gè)包，因?yàn)樘F了。ask sb.to do sth.請求某人做某事，其否定形式為 ask sb.not to do sth.，故選 A。,)3.(2012 年廣東深圳)What are the _ doing,( there?,They,are,busy,_,their,science,Aboys students; to do Bboy students; to do Cboys students; doing Dboy students; doing D 用一個(gè)名詞來作另一個(gè)名詞的定語時(shí)，其復(fù)數(shù)形式通 常只需將后一個(gè)名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)(用 man, woman 作定語時(shí)需要兩 個(gè)都變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù))；be busy (in) doing sth.忙于做某事。 故選 D。,experiment.,(,)4.(2012 年廣東深圳)Its time for dinner, Linda.Lets,out this evening. Nice.But I prefer Chinese food _ western food.,Aeat; to Ceat; than,Bto eat; than Dto eat; to,A let 后加省略 to 的不定式，即動詞原形；prefer A to B 比起 B 來更喜歡 A。,(,)5.(2012 年廣東深圳)Would you like _ the,Wutong Mountain tomorrow? If my mother _, I will go with you. Aclimbing; will allow Bclimbing; allows Cto climb; allows Dto climb; will allow,C,題意：“你明天愿意去爬梧桐山嗎？”“如果我媽媽,同意，我就跟你去。”would like to do sth.愿意做某事，是固定 搭配?！癐f my mother.”是一個(gè)條件狀語從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表 將來，故選 C。,(,)6.(2012 年廣東湛江)Its going to rain.Remember,_ an umbrella All right, Mom. Ataking Cto take,when you go to school. Bbringing Dto bring,C remember to do sth.記住要做某事，remember doing sth. 記得做過某事，根據(jù)題意可知事情“未做”，故可以排除 A、 B 兩項(xiàng)。take 意為“帶走”，bring 意為“帶來”，故選 C。,(,)7.(2012 年廣東肇慶)Our teacher always tells us,_ time playing computer games.,Anot to waste,Bnot waste,Cdont waste,A tell sb.(not) to do sth.告訴某人(不要)做某事。,(,)8.(2012 年廣東肇慶)How do you feel when you,watch the national flag go up? It makes me _ very proud.,Afeel,Bfelt,Cto feel,A,make 的主動語態(tài)中用省略 to 的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足,語，即 make sb.do sth.(使某人做某事)。,(,)9.(2012 年廣東茂名)Can you see the girl _,outside the classroom? She is Miss Lis daughter. Astands Bstanding CStand B 題意：你看到站在教室外的那個(gè)女孩了嗎？她是李 老師的女兒。句中已有謂語，故應(yīng)用非謂語形式，standing 作后 置定語，表示 stand 這個(gè)動作是由主語發(fā)出的。,(,)10.(2012 年廣東梅州)Its too hot.Would you mind,my _ the window? _.Do it as you like, please. A.to open; OK B.opening; Certainly not C.opening; Of course D.open; Good idea B mind sb.(s) doing sth.介意某人做某事；且根據(jù)答語可知 是不介意，故可用 certainly not (當(dāng)然不)來回答。,(,)11.(2012 年廣東梅州)If anyone ever asks her how old,she is, she always answers, “My dear, it must be terrible _！”,A.grown up C.be grown up,B.being grown up D.to be grown up,D itsadj.to do sth.做某事怎么樣；be grown up 長大 成人。,(,)12.(2011 年廣東)Try to sing more English songs, you,will find it interesting _ a foreign language.,Alearning Clearn,Blearns Dto learn,D 根據(jù)句型“finditadj.to do sth.”可知選 D。,(,)13.(2011 年廣東廣州)I feel a bit hungry now. Why not _ for dinner with us?,A.go C.to go,B.did you go D.do you go,A “Why not do sth.？”是表示提建議的常用句型。,(,)14.(2011 年廣東深圳)Do you often go swimming,Sunday mornings? Yes.Why not _ with me this Sunday?,A.on; go C.on; going,B.in; to go D.in; going,A,表示在具體某一天的上午要用介詞 on; why not do sth.,意為“為什么不做某事”。,(,)15.(2011 年廣東深圳)The doctor told me _,too much, but I find it difficult. The doctor is right.The less you drink, _ you will be. A.dont drink; the healthier B.not to drink; the healthier C.not to drink; the more healthier D.dont drink; healthier,B,tell sb.not to do sth. 告訴某人不要做某事；“the 比較,級，the比較級”表示“越就越”，healthy 的比較級 是 healthier，前面不能用 more 修飾。故選 B。,(,)16.(2011 年廣東佛山)After the earthquake hit Japan,many international organizations offered _.,A.to helping,B.to help,C.Helping,B offer to do sth.主動提出做某事。,(,)17.(2011 年廣東肇慶)The assistant wont let you,_ the cinema if you havent a ticket.,A.enter,Bto enter,CEntering,A let sb.do sth.讓某人做某事。,(,)18.(2011 年廣東茂名)I often hear her _ this,song.Listen! Cant you hear her _ in the next room? A.sing; sing B.singing; singing C.sing; singing C hear sb.do sth.表示“聽到某人做某事的全過程”或表 示經(jīng)常聽到某人做某事，hear sb.doing sth.表示“聽到某人正在 做某事”。,(,)19.(2010 年廣東)We can use QQ to chat with each,other on the Internet. Really? Will you please show me _ it?,A.how to use C.how can I use,B.what to use D.what can I use,A 賓語從句要用陳述句語序，排除 C、D；因已有賓語 it， 故“疑問詞不定式”中的疑問詞要用 how 而不用 what。故選 A。,(,)20.(2010 年廣東廣州)The teacher told the students,_ any food into the computer room.,A.not to bring C.dont bring,B.not bring D.bring not,A,動詞不定式的否定形式是直接在前面加 not 。tell,sb.not to do sth.告訴某人不要做某事。,(,)21.(2010 年廣東深圳)The weather report says there,is going to _ a typhoon tonight. So we had better _ out