2020版高考英語復(fù)習(xí)Module5ALessoninaLab課時作業(yè)（五）（含解析）外研版.docx

Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab課時作業(yè)（五）建議時間/30分鐘.閱讀理解詞數(shù):289話題:預(yù)防地鐵水災(zāi)的新發(fā)明文體:說明文Super-stormSandyslammedintotheeasternUnitedStatessixyearsago.Thewind-drivenwatercausedalotofflooding,especiallyintheregionssubwaysystem.Nowtwoteenshaveinventedadevicethatcouldhelppreventfuturesubwayfloods.InNewYorkCityalone,super-stormSandycausedanestimated$19billionindamage.Muchofthefloodwaterenteredthesubwaysystemthroughitsventilationgrates(通風(fēng)柵).Thosemetalgrillsusuallylieatgroundlevel.Whenthesystemisshutdownaheadofaflood,engineerstrytocoverthosegrateswithplywood(膠合板)andsandbags.Butthefloodingoftenwashesawaythosemeasures,whichallowswatertoflowintothetunnels.Raisingthosegratesevenatinybitabovegroundlevelwouldcostalotofmoney.Otherideashaveincludedbuildingtallchimneysaroundtheholes.Thatwouldraisethegratesandcostalotofmoney,too.KyleandRaymondcameupwithadifferent,lessexpensiveidea.Theydesignedametalgratewithabuilt-in,adjustablecover.Whentrainsarerunning,onepartofthegrateslidesopentobringinfreshair.Butwhenthesystemisshutdown,thatpartcanbeslidshuttocompletelyblockthegrate.Theirgrateisthesamesizeasthegratesusednow.So,itwouldbesimple,theysay,toliftouttheoldgrateanddropinareplacement.Theirdesignincludestamper-prooffeatures,whichcanpreventfromoperationmistakes.Theymakesurethatpeopledontintentionallyshutoffairflowduringnormalconditions.Forpeoplewiththeproperkey,itwouldonlytakeaminuteortwotoclosethegrateaheadofaflood.1.Whatsthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thestepstooperategrates.B.Themeasurestopreventflood.C.Thefunctionofplywoodandsandbags.D.Thedisadvantageofpresentsubwaysystem.2.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesthetwoteensnewinvention?A.Costly.B.Time-saving.C.Practical.D.Conventional.3.Whatsthepurposeofdesigningthetamper-prooffeature?A.Toreplacetheoldgratecorrectly.B.Toclosethegrateaheadofaflood.C.Toensureairflowinnormalconditions.D.Tostopthetrainspeedingupunexpectedly.4.Wheredoesthetextmostprobablycomefrom?A.Anewsreport.B.Anadventurousstory.C.Anintroductiontonewequipment.D.Aguidebookofmakinggrates.閱讀七選五詞數(shù):264話題:睡眠文體:說明文Howtogetmoresleep?Manystudieswarnthatnothavingenoughsleepmayleadtoserioushealthproblems,affectingourdailylife,workandstudy.Youveprobablyknownthisforlong,yetyoustilldontgetafullnightsleepduetoanincredibleworkschedule.Sowhatcanyoudotomakemoretimeforsleep,andgetabetternightsrestoverall?Investinabetter-qualitymattress(床墊).Ifyouresleepingonayears-old,worn-outmattress,itsnowonderwhyyouwakeupfeelingtiredinthemorning.5Withanewmattressthatsbettersuitedtoyoursleepinghabits,youllgettosleepfasterandstayasleepconsistently.6Therearemanyhabitsthatcanaffecthowmuchsleepyouget,includinghowmuchcaffeineyouconsumethroughoutthedayandwhenyouconsumeitevenafewhoursbeforebedtimecaninterferewithsleep,whetherornotyouphysicallyexercise,andhowlongyouspendstaringatadigitalscreenbeforebed.Takeacloserlookatyourschedule.7InWesternculture,theresalotofpressuretofillupourschedulestoseemimportantandsociallyintegrated,soyourdailyactivitiesmighthavesomefaultsorunnecessarytasksthatcanbeskippedordelayed.8Sleepisevenmoreimportantthanyouprobablyrealized,butitsentirelywithinyourpowertoreshapeyoursleepinghabitsforgood.Makesleepyourfirstpriority,schedulingtimeforitthewayyoudscheduleameeting,andworktherestofyourschedulearoundit.9A.Watchyourhabits.B.Somehabitscontributetoagoodnightssleep.C.Withoutenoughsleep,youcouldtakemorerisksinyourlife.D.Anewmattresscanbeabiginvestment,butitsalmostworththemoney.E.Drawalinebetweenprofessionalandpersonaltime,andmakesleepahigherpriority.F.Ifyoufeellikeyouretoobusytosleep,considertakingasecondlookatyourschedule.G.Intime,itwillbecomethenewroutine,andyoullimproveyourhealthandproductivity.完形填空詞數(shù):262話題:志愿者活動文體:記敘文Attheageofsixteen,IwentonmyfirstvolunteerprojectwithDadinWestVirginia.Thefamily10waslivinginatrailer(拖車)thatwasin11condition.Acrewhadbeenworkingonitfortwoweeks,butoneproblemafteranother12.Wedecidedtheonly13wastobuildanew14.Thefamilywas15.Tuesdaythatweek,webeganto16thebedroomsforthefamilysthreeboys,Josh,EricandRyan.17toysandothergadgets(小玩意)thatchildrenusually18,wewereastonishedwhenJoshresponded,“Ijustwanta19.”Theboyshad20sleptinabed!Theywereaccustomedtoplasticmats.Thatnightwedecidedthatbedswouldbetheperfect21.Aswe22theframesofthebedstogether,Ericranintothehousetowatchus.Toodirtytoenterhisroom,heobservedwithwide-eyed23fromthedoorway.Asmydad24oneofthepillowsintoapillowcase(枕套),Ericasked,“Whatisthat?”Dadtoldhimitwasapillow.“Whatdoyoudowithit?”Ericcontinuedtoask.“25yousleep,youputyourheadonit,”Iansweredsoftly.TearscametomyeyesasI26Ericthepillow.“Ohthats27,”hesaid,huggingittightly.Now,whenmysisterorIstarttoaskforsomethingthatseemsvery28,Dadgentlyasks,“Doyouhavea29?”Weknowexactlywhathemeans.10.A.indangerB.inneedC.onguardD.onduty11.A.poorB.dustyC.perfectD.fierce12.A.actedB.disappearedC.diedD.surfaced13.A.requestB.attemptC.solutionD.purpose14.A.houseB.roomC.truckD.garage15.A.overjoyedB.interestedC.privilegedD.determined16.A.guaranteeB.processC.brushD.furnish17.A.RequiringB.ExpectingC.OfferingD.Listing18.A.askforB.donateC.putawayD.praise19.A.roomB.pillowC.bedD.mat20.A.evenB.stillC.everD.never21.A.serviceB.memoryC.giftD.happiness22.A.fittedB.appliedC.toreD.unfolded23.A.spiritB.anxietyC.enthusiasmD.confidence24.A.escapedB.slippedC.brokeD.cut25.A.OnceB.AssoonasC.UntilD.When26.A.lentB.handedC.collectedD.sent27.A.flatB.handyC.vacantD.soft28.A.urgentB.complexC.difficultD.disturbing29.A.bedB.pillowC.toyD.family課時作業(yè)(五).【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了兩個青少年發(fā)明的預(yù)防地鐵水災(zāi)的一種裝置。1.D段落大意題。在本段中,作者主要介紹了現(xiàn)有的地鐵系統(tǒng)的通風(fēng)柵太低,容易讓水流入隧道,而抬高通風(fēng)柵和建立高聳的煙囪的花費(fèi)都很高,由此可知本段主要講述目前地鐵系統(tǒng)的缺點(diǎn)。故選D。2.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段可知,他們新設(shè)計(jì)的通風(fēng)柵與現(xiàn)用的通風(fēng)柵一樣大小,替換起來很容易,且設(shè)計(jì)帶有防損毀功能,能預(yù)防操作失誤。再結(jié)合第三段可以推斷這款設(shè)計(jì)是實(shí)用的。故選C。3.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)末段中“Theymakesurethatpeopledontintentionallyshutoffairflowduringnormalconditions.”可知,這個功能可以確保正常情況下的空氣流通。故選C。4.A推理判斷題。文章的第一、二段介紹了地鐵現(xiàn)有的通風(fēng)柵存在的弊端;在第三、四兩段作者介紹了兩個青少年發(fā)明的預(yù)防地鐵進(jìn)水的一種裝置,由此推斷文章是一篇新聞報道。故選A。.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了如何得到更充分的睡眠。5.D根據(jù)上文“Ifyouresleepingonayears-old,worn-outmattress,itsnowonderwhyyouwakeupfeelingtiredinthemorning.”,并與下文“Withanewmattressthatsbettersuitedtoyoursleepinghabits,youllgettosleepfasterandstayasleepconsistently.”呼應(yīng)可知,一個新的床墊對于提高睡眠質(zhì)量是很有必要的,故選D。6.A根據(jù)下文“Therearemanyhabitsthatcanaffecthowmuchsleepyouget”可推知,本段主要講的是要注意自己的習(xí)慣問題,故選A。7.F與本段的主題句“Takeacloserlookatyourschedule.”呼應(yīng)可推知,要安排好自己的時間表,給自己騰出一定的休息時間,故選F。8.E根據(jù)上文“InWesternculture,theresalotofpressuretofillupourschedulestoseemimportantandsociallyintegrated,soyourdailyactivitiesmighthavesomefaultsorunnecessarytasksthatcanbeskippedordelayed.”可推知,要把工作和個人時間分開,保證足夠的睡眠時間,故選E。9.G根據(jù)上文“Makesleepyourfirstpriority,schedulingtimeforitthewayyoudscheduleameeting,andworktherestofyourschedulearoundit.”可推知,此處表示這樣做的結(jié)果,與選項(xiàng)G吻合,故選G。.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文,講述作者在十六歲時與父親一起從事志愿者活動,幫助一個貧困家庭建房子,買床和床上用品的故事。10.B根據(jù)第一句“Attheageofsixteen,IwentonmyfirstvolunteerprojectwithDadinWestVirginia.”可知,作者和爸爸第一次參加志愿者活動,是幫助那些需要幫助的家庭。indanger在危險中;inneed需要;onguard警惕,防備;onduty值班。11.A根據(jù)下文“Acrewhadbeenworkingonitfortwoweeks,butoneproblemafteranother”可知,這個拖車的狀況不好。poor差的;dusty布滿灰塵的;perfect完美的;fierce兇猛的,猛烈的。inpoorcondition意為“狀況不好”。12.D一組人員已經(jīng)對它修理了兩個星期,但問題層出不窮。act表演,表現(xiàn);disappear消失;die死亡;surface浮現(xiàn)。13.C“我們”確定唯一的解決辦法是建造一個新住宅。request要求,需要;attempt試圖;solution解決方案;purpose目的。14.A根據(jù)后面的“Tuesdaythatweek,webegantothebedroomsforthefamilysthreeboys”可知,有臥室的應(yīng)該是房子。house住宅;room房間;truck卡車;garage車庫,汽車修理站。15.A根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知,這一家人沒有房子,住在一輛拖車上,現(xiàn)在有了新房子,所以是欣喜若狂的。overjoyed欣喜若狂的;interested對感興趣的;privileged享有特權(quán)的;determined堅(jiān)定的,毅然的。16.D“我們”開始在孩子們的臥室里擺放家具。guarantee保證;process加工,處理;brush刷,擦;furnish布置家具。17.B有了房子,所以志愿者們預(yù)料到孩子們可能想要玩具。require要求,需要;expect預(yù)料,預(yù)計(jì)可能來到(或發(fā)生);offer提供;list列舉。18.A“我們”估計(jì)他們會要孩子們通常想要的那些東西。askfor請求,要求;donate捐贈;p