2017_2018學(xué)年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)周末培優(yōu)第03周介詞介詞短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)含解析新人教版.docx

介詞、介詞短語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)（測(cè)試時(shí)間：40分鐘，總分：60分）班級(jí)：_ 姓名：_ 座號(hào)：_ 得分：_I.用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~（短語(yǔ)）填空(每小題0.5分，共5分)1. (2017新課標(biāo)I卷語(yǔ)法填空)This trend, which was started by the medical community（醫(yī)學(xué)界） a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.2. (2017新課標(biāo)I卷閱讀理解)I got a rescue call _a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(貓頭鷹) on the ground.3. (2017新課標(biāo)I卷閱讀理解)Since 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(熱情) _discovery and lifelong learning _ science, math and technology.4. (2017新課標(biāo)I卷閱讀理解)The friendship that grew out_ the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root _ the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came _ a tradition of theater and live TV.5. (2017新課標(biāo)I卷完形填空) _ the years, Id run into former students who would provide updates on old classmates.6. Most people work because its unavoidable._ contrast ，there are some people who actually enjoy work.7. These comments came _ response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.8. This meeting room is a nonsmoking area. I would like to warn you _ advance that if you smoked here you would be fined. x&kw9. The little pupil took his grandma _ the arm and walked her across the street.10. Last year was the warmest year on record，with global temperature 0.68 _ the average.【參考答案】1.as2.from3.for; in4.of; in; from5.Through6.By7.in 8.in9.by10.above.單項(xiàng)填空(每小題0.5分，共5分)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1.（2017北京）Many people who live along the coast make a living _ fishing industry. A. at B. in C. on D. by【答案】B【解析】句意：許多住在海邊上的人都是靠漁業(yè)來(lái)謀生的。此處用介詞in,不用by,因?yàn)閎y后面通常接做什么事情來(lái)謀生，此處是指在捕魚這個(gè)行業(yè)里，在這個(gè)行業(yè)里謀生，用in，故選B。2.（2017江蘇）Determining where we are _ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.A. in contrast to B. in defense ofC. in face of D. in relation to【答案】D 【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：根據(jù)周圍的環(huán)境辨別方位仍然是我們生存的一項(xiàng)極其重要的技能。A. in contrast to對(duì)比，截然不同；B. in defense of為辯護(hù)；C. in face of面對(duì)；D. in relation to與有關(guān)。故選D。3.（2017江蘇） Working with the medical team in Africa has _ the best in her as a doctor.A. held out B. brought out C. picked out D. given out【答案】B 4.（2017天津）Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter _, get married, and have kids.A. settled down B. keep off C. get up D. cut in【答案】A【解析】句意：布朗先生和夫人想要看到他們的女兒安頓下來(lái)，結(jié)婚生子。settled down安頓下來(lái)；keep off遠(yuǎn)離；get up起床；cut in插嘴。根據(jù)句意可知選A。5.If you had prepared _, you wouldnt be in such a bad position.A.in turnB.in particularC.in advanceD.in short【答案】C【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:如果你提前作好準(zhǔn)備，你現(xiàn)在也不會(huì)處于這樣糟糕的處境。in turn反過(guò)來(lái)； in particular尤其，特別； in advance預(yù)先，提前； in short總之。6.When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt _from the world.A. carried awayB. broken downC. cut offD. brought up【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：當(dāng)這些老人的孩子們遠(yuǎn)離他們生活時(shí)，他們感覺到跟這個(gè)世界隔絕了。cut off意為切斷，隔絕，符合語(yǔ)意，所以這里選C項(xiàng)。7.I hate it when she calls me at work Im always too busy to _a conversation with her.A. carry onB. break intoC. turn downD. cut off【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我討厭工作時(shí)她給我打電話，因?yàn)槲铱偸呛苊?，難以和她進(jìn)行談話。carry on進(jìn)行，從事；break into破門而入；turn down拒絕(提議等)；cut off 中斷，切斷。8.Wed better discuss everything _ before we work out the plan.A.in detailB.in generalC. on purposeD.in time【答案】A9.The salesman sold me the car at a lower price and added some fancy gifts _.A. for exampleB. for saleC. for good measureD. for one thing【答案】C【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：那個(gè)推銷員以較低的價(jià)格賣給我汽車，并額外給我送了一些精美的禮物。A.for example例如：B.for sale出售；待售；C.for good measure作為額外增添；另外；D.for one thing一方面。故選C。10.People can live_one another only when they regain that simple and basic love.A.in harmony withB.in love withC.in line withD.in touch with【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：人唯有重拾那份簡(jiǎn)單的、基礎(chǔ)的愛，彼此才能和平相處。in harmony with與和平相處。III.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分，共10分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didnt want me for the film it wanted somebody as well known as Paul he stood up for me. I dont know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft（技藝）and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core（核心）of our relationship off the screen.We shared the brief that if youre fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back he with his Newmans Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didnt see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.I last saw him a few months ago. Hed been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didnt talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didnt need a lot of words.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者與Paul Newman之間的深厚友情。當(dāng)制片人不想讓我參演電影時(shí)，Paul Newman站出來(lái)為我說(shuō)話，兩人因此而建立了深厚的友誼。在此后的很多年里，兩人一直相互扶持，相互鼓勵(lì)，因此兩人的深厚友情維系了很多年。1.Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to author at first?A. Paul Newman wanted it.B. The studio powers didnt like his agent.C. He wasnt famous enough.D. The director recommended someone else.2.Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?A. They were of the same age.B. They worked in the same theater.C. They were both good actors.D. They have similar characteristics.3.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Their belief.B. Their care for children.C. Their success.D. Their support for each other.4.What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A. To show his love of films.B. To remember a friend.C. To introduce a new movie.D. To share his acting experience.1.C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“When the studio didnt want me for the film it wanted somebody as well known as Paul”可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)還不是很有名。故選C。2.D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core （核心）of our relationship off the screen”可知，作者與Paul之間有著相似的性格特征。故選D。4.B 【解析】寫作意圖題。根據(jù)“I last saw him a few months ago. Hed been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didnt talk about it”可知Paul已經(jīng)去世了，再結(jié)合前文“I first met Paul Newman in 1968”，可推斷作者非常懷念這位朋友。故選B。IV. 完形填空(每小題1分，共20分)閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。I Am Truly Grateful That I Had CancerAt the age of 10, I was diagnosed with cancer. During treatment, I understood everything but the 1 of my case. It was not until recently that I realized how sick I was then. This November of 2015 will 2 my five years off chemotherapy(化療) and I will be finally 3 of cancer. I know sick children often felt blue. In order to help brighten their 4 , I created a program through which I brought celebrities(名人) children 5 and respected to visit them in hospitals. The 6 I received from being able to 7 up the childrens day was indescribable. This fall, I will 8 my junior year of high school. I love learning and I truly 9 the time spent in school because during chemotherapy treatments I was often too 10 to attend. Another big part of my life is 11 activity. During my treatment it was very hard for me to walk let alone 12 . After finishing chemotherapy my main 13 was being able to run and play 14 again. Im overjoyed to say Ive been able to 15 that aim. Being able to stand on the court and play sports again is a(n) 16 feeling. To me its important to convey a 17 of positivity and hope that anyone can make the most of any situation in life. Many dont 18 and think its strange when I say this, but Im truly grateful that I had cancer. Having experienced that, I have become brave 19 have also gained appreciation for life. I know with determination everyone can follow their 20 . 1. A. developmentB. seriousnessC. nameD. cause2. A. mark B. end C. begin D. reward3. A. warned B. informed C. suspected D. cured4. A. spirits B. future C. rooms D. way5. A. attracted B. impressed C. admired D. missed6. A. respect B. joy C. gift D. education7. A. make B. clear C. clean D. light8. A. enter B. leave C. visit D. drop9. A. kill B. save C. treasure D. waste10. A. young B. weak C. lazy D. busy11. A. mental B. indoor C. physical D. social12. A. swim B. lie C. jump D. run13. A. goal B. task C. problem D. idea14. A. cards B. chess C. sports D. music15. A. further B. kick C. set D. achieve16. A. amazing B. puzzling C. satisfying D. touching17. A. note B. message C. word D. wish18. A. speak B. apologize C. understand D. remember19. A. and B. but C. or D. so20. A. steps B. examples C. suggestions D. dreams【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了身患癌癥的作者在戰(zhàn)勝病魔后，對(duì)生活充滿了熱情，以積極樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度投入生活的故事。1. B 【解析】根據(jù)下文 how sick I truly was then可知， 作者在治療過(guò)程中不知道自己病情的嚴(yán)重程度，故選B。2. A 【解析】根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者已經(jīng)有五年沒有接受化療了，故選A。3. D 根據(jù)前文的off chemotherapy 可判斷，作者的癌癥被治愈了。cure. . . of 治愈的疾病，此處用過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)。9. C 【解析】從前句I love learning和后文可知，作者喜歡上學(xué)，由此判斷，作者會(huì)很珍惜在學(xué)校的時(shí)間，故選C。10. B 【解析】根據(jù)上下文可知，作者因生病化療身體虛弱而不能上學(xué)，故選B。11. C 【解析】從下文的walkrun和play sports等詞可判斷，此處指體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。12. D 【解析】根據(jù)下文的run 判斷，作者身體虛弱而不能走路，更別說(shuō)跑了。 letalone更別說(shuō)。13. A 【解析】根據(jù)下文中的aim判斷，化療結(jié)束后，能夠再次跑步、運(yùn)動(dòng)是作者的目標(biāo)，故選A。14. C 【解析】根據(jù)下文Being able to stand on the court and play sports again判斷，作者希望仍然能參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。15. D 【解析】從語(yǔ)境判斷，作者病愈后達(dá)到了自己的目標(biāo)。16. A 【解析】根據(jù)上文中的overjoyed可以推斷作者目標(biāo)達(dá)成后驚喜的心情，故選A。17. B 【解析】根據(jù)后面的從句內(nèi)容可知，作者想傳遞的是一種積極樂(lè)觀的信息。18. C 【解析】從下文可知，人們對(duì)于作者的這種說(shuō)法感到奇怪，也不理解該說(shuō)法。19. A 【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知此處應(yīng)用and 連接兩個(gè)并列的謂語(yǔ)。20. D 【解析】從上文可知，只要有毅力，任何人都可以追尋自己的夢(mèng)想，故選D。V.語(yǔ)法填空(每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Recently a new research has been reported. It said that many fathers of children experienced lots of injuries per year while playing with 1(they)children. Some fathers felt that it was the most dangerous thing of being a parent walking across the floor 2(cover)by toys. And some of them fell over because clothes or other things3(throw)everywhere. Besides, 4third of fathers were knocked down by their young children when fighting with them and a quarter got hurt when playing football or climbing trees with them. In fact, one 5five young fathers picked up an injury when doing something that wasnt suitable for them.z*xxkThe research also found that some of the fathers who were 6(serious)injured had to take time off work. 7,not all of them had medical insurance(保險(xiǎn))in place 8(prevent)the case that they were too ill to work. And they were more likely to face a situation 9their mobile phones and holiday bookings declined sharply during illness. So the fathers took much10(press)from both the family and the work.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。主要論述了由于父親們?cè)谂c孩子們玩耍時(shí)候常常會(huì)受到意外的傷害，得出父親們有很多的來(lái)自家庭和工作上的壓力。1.their【解析】考查代詞。句意：據(jù)說(shuō)每年很多父親在與他們的孩子玩耍時(shí)候都會(huì)經(jīng)歷受傷，故用their。2covered 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：作為父母最危險(xiǎn)的事情是步行通過(guò)鋪滿玩具的地板，前面名詞floor與動(dòng)詞cover之間表示被動(dòng)且后面by被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)標(biāo)志，故用covered作后置定語(yǔ)。5in【解析】考查介詞。1/5的父親會(huì)得到意外的傷害，此處是分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)：基數(shù)詞+介詞+基數(shù)詞，故用in。6seriously【解析】考查副詞。句意：那些遭受嚴(yán)重傷害的父親們不得不請(qǐng)假此處副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，故用seriously。7However【解析】考查副詞。句意：然而并不是所有的人有醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)，前后形成轉(zhuǎn)折且副詞However表示轉(zhuǎn)折后面用逗號(hào)隔開。VI.短文改錯(cuò) (每小題1分，共10分) 假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)()，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均限一詞；2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Everyone should take the action to reduce haze(霧霾), which is harmful to our health. First of all, I believe if we plant more trees, there will be less haze in their city. Trees can absorb exhaust fumes(尾氣) from cars, thus reduce pollution. Second, the government should punish the factories where produce too many fumes. Exhaust fumes is the main cause of haze and do greatly harm to