中國(guó)學(xué)生在托福寫(xiě)作中的缺點(diǎn).docx

智課網(wǎng)TOEFL備考資料中國(guó)學(xué)生在托福寫(xiě)作中的缺點(diǎn) 摘要： 中國(guó)學(xué)生在托福寫(xiě)作中的缺點(diǎn)，有人戲說(shuō)道，老外眼中的托福寫(xiě)作考試句子分為3個(gè)檔次，最差的是主動(dòng)句，較好的是被動(dòng)句，倒裝句等，最好的nominalization(名詞化)的句子，這樣的句子最學(xué)術(shù)最適合寫(xiě)論文。那么面對(duì)這樣的差異，我們需要重新審視我們寫(xiě)作中的思維方式，做到如何恰到好處又不“畫(huà)蛇添足”。 簡(jiǎn)單說(shuō)，名詞化即是動(dòng)詞或形容詞被用作名詞的現(xiàn)象。比如動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)成名詞：discovery-discovery， move-movement， refuse-refusal，又比如形容詞轉(zhuǎn)成名詞：careless-carelessness， difficult-difficulty， intense-intensity。那么什么情況下，我們需要進(jìn)行名詞化呢? A 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)部分 原句：I do not know either what she meant or what he intends. 名詞化：I do not know either her meaning or his intentions. B 結(jié)合被動(dòng)形式 原句：If people decide without enough persuasive information，. 名詞化：If a decision is made without enough persuasive information，. C 取代諸如從句中“the fact that”的用法 原句：The fact that I denied what he accused me of impressed the jury. 名詞化：My denial of his accusations impressed the jury. 更好的名詞化：a. When I denied his accusations， I impressed the jury. b. In denying his accusations， I impressed the jury. D 名詞化部分用在there is/are的后面 原句：We demand that the government stop taxing entertainment. 名詞化：There is a demand for an end to taxation on entertainment. 原句：The floods considerably eroded the land. 名詞化：There was considerable erosion of the land from the floods. 然而，有些時(shí)候，在我們的思維方式中認(rèn)為理所應(yīng)當(dāng)使用“名詞化”時(shí)，老外認(rèn)為是沒(méi)有必要的。比如： A 名詞化部分跟在動(dòng)詞后面 原句(名詞化“冗余”)：The police conducted an investigation into the matter. 改后：The police investigated the matter. B 名詞化部分作為主語(yǔ) 原句：Our discussion is concerned with a tax cut. 改后：We discussed a tax cut. C 連續(xù)進(jìn)行名詞化 原句：a. First， she reviewed the evolution of the dorsal fin. b. There was a first a review of the evolution of the dorsal fin. 改后：First， she reviewed how the dorsal fin evolved. D 連接部分名詞化 原句：Their cessation of hostilities was because of their personnel losses. 改后：They ceased hostilities because they lost personnel. 原句：The instability of the motor housing did not preclude the completion of the field trials. 改后：Even though the motor housing was unstable， the research staff completed the fieldtrials. 以上這些情況是我們中國(guó)學(xué)生在 托福 寫(xiě)作考試中很常見(jiàn)的名詞化缺失或名詞化濫用的例子。對(duì)于 新托福 寫(xiě)作來(lái)說(shuō)，在保證基本的語(yǔ)