廣東省東莞市寮步信義學(xué)校九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)全冊(cè) Unit 9 When was it invented教案2 人教新目標(biāo)版.doc

unit 9 when was it invented教案學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：1學(xué)會(huì)使用含有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的不同句型結(jié)構(gòu)“when/ where was it invented?” 和“what are they used for?- they are used for doing sth.”來(lái)談?wù)摳鞣N發(fā)明物的歷史。 2學(xué)習(xí)理解被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的含義。能夠就不同的發(fā)明物與他人交流看法，發(fā)表自己的見(jiàn)解，并陳述理由。3了解到更多在世界上有重大意義的發(fā)明，并向那些偉大的發(fā)明家學(xué)習(xí)。一、日常用語(yǔ)1. - when was the car invented？ -it was invented in 1985. 2. -when were electric slippers invented？ -they were invented last year. 3. -who were they invented by？ -they were invented by julie thompson. 4. -what are they used for？ -theyre used for seeing in the dark. 二、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. be used for 被用來(lái)做 what is the book used for? 書(shū)是用來(lái)做什么的？ the book is used for reading. 書(shū)是用來(lái)讀的 the plane is used for traveling. 飛機(jī)是用來(lái)旅行的2. be used to doing sth. 習(xí)慣于做某事3. according to 根據(jù)，按照 4. in this way 這樣 5. give sb. some time to do sth 給某人一些時(shí)間做某事. the teacher gives the student two hours to do homework. 老師給同學(xué)們兩個(gè)小時(shí)做作業(yè)。 6. help sb. do sth. 幫助某人做某事 ill help you leave the island. 我將幫助你離開(kāi)島嶼。 7. by accident 偶然的 by mistake 錯(cuò)誤的 8. fall into 落入，陷入 9. in the end= at last=finally 最后 10. make sb. adj. 使某人 make me happy 使我開(kāi)心11. sb. callednamed 被叫作，被稱作 a chef called black. 一個(gè)叫布萊克的廚師 a doctor named amy 一個(gè)叫艾米的醫(yī)生 12. sprinkle a lot of salt on chips 在薯片上灑大量的鹽13. decide to do sth. 決定做某事 i decide to taste the hot tea 我決定品嘗熱茶。14. notuntil 直到才you cant leave until i arrive. 直到我到了你才能走。i cant watch tv until i finish my home work. 直到我完成作業(yè)，我才能看電視。15. be discovered in 年代 be discovered in 地方 the tea was discovered in china in 1610. 茶是在1610年在中國(guó)被發(fā)現(xiàn)的。16. over three thousand years 三千年以上17. produce a pleasant smell 產(chǎn)生一股令人愉快的氣味18. over an open fire. 在明火上19. in sixth century 在第六世紀(jì) in nineteenth century. 在十九世紀(jì)三、知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解1.i think the telephone was invented before the car.我認(rèn)為電話在汽車之前發(fā)明的。(1) i think 后接的一個(gè)分句做i think 的賓語(yǔ),這個(gè)分句稱叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。(2)was invented 是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).(3)invent 做動(dòng)詞,意為 “發(fā)明,創(chuàng)造”,其名詞有兩種形式:一種為inventor “發(fā)明者”;一種為 invention “發(fā)明,創(chuàng)造”例如:edison was a great inventor, he invented more than 1,000 inventions in his life.2.its used for scooping really cold ice cream.它是用來(lái)舀十分冰冷的冰淇淋的.句型be used for 意為 “被用來(lái)做”,介詞for表示用途,后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。 如:(1) sweater is used for keeping warm.毛衣是用來(lái)保暖的。(2) the knife is used for cutting.小刀是用來(lái)切削東西的。3.the custom said they werent salty enough.這個(gè)顧客說(shuō)菜不夠咸。(1)said 后是賓語(yǔ)從句,省略了that.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句主句用一般過(guò)去時(shí), 從句也要用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。如:he asked me whom i was waiting for. 他問(wèn)我在等誰(shuí).(2)enough修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)應(yīng)后置. 如:the little child was not old enough to go to school.這個(gè)小孩太小了,不能去上學(xué).但enough 修飾名詞時(shí),可以放在名詞之前,也可以放在名詞之后。如:i have enough money to buy it.( i have money enough to buy it.)4.the potato chips were invented by mistake.由于錯(cuò)誤,薯片被發(fā)明了。mistake 做名詞,意為 “弄錯(cuò),誤解”如:you have made a foolish mistake. 你犯了一個(gè)愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤。mistake 作動(dòng)詞,意為 “弄錯(cuò),誤解”如:she didnt speak very clearly so i mistook what she said.她講的不清楚,所以我誤解了她的話。by mistake 意為 “錯(cuò)誤地,弄錯(cuò)地”.i took his backpack by mistake. 我錯(cuò)拿了他的書(shū)包。he put salt in her cup of tea by mistake. 他錯(cuò)把鹽放進(jìn)她的茶里。5.although tea wasnt brought to the western world until 1610, this beverage was discovered over three thousand years before that.雖然,茶直到1610年才傳入西方世界,但是這種飲料在三千多年前就被發(fā)現(xiàn)了.(1)although 作連詞,意為 “雖然,盡管”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,我們不能根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣.在后面使用連詞but,不過(guò)它可以與yet, still連用;若主從句的主語(yǔ)相同,且從句謂語(yǔ)含有動(dòng)詞be,可將從句主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞be省略.如:although (it was) snowing, it was not very cold.雖然在下雪,但是天氣不是很冷.there is air around us, although we cant see it.盡管我們看不見(jiàn),但是我們周圍全是空氣. although (he is) quite young, he knows a lot.雖然他很年輕,但是他很懂事.(3) notuntil 意為 “直到才”until 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句.如he didnt go to bed until his father came home.直到他爸爸回家時(shí)他才睡覺(jué).6. according to an ancient chinese legend, the emperor shen nong discovered tea when he was boiling drinking water over an open air.根據(jù)中國(guó)古代的一個(gè)傳說(shuō), 神農(nóng)帝在戶外的火上燒飲用水時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了茶葉.(1) according to 是個(gè)短語(yǔ)介詞,意為 “根據(jù);依照”后接代詞,名詞或由疑問(wèn)詞以及whether引出的名詞性從句.如:according to the radio, it will rain tomorrow.根據(jù)收音機(jī)說(shuō),明天有雨.according to what you said just now, he was right then. 根據(jù)你剛才說(shuō)的,那么他就對(duì)了.(2) 介詞over 在此意為 “在正上方”而介詞above指 “在的上方”;介詞on指 “在的上面”7. some leaves from a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time.一些葉子從附近的灌木叢落到水里.并在水里浸泡了一段時(shí)間.(1) leaf的復(fù)數(shù)形式為leaves(2) remain 表示 “繼續(xù)留在某處”如how long will you remain here? 你要在此地停留多久?(3) fall into “落入,陷入”如:he was drunk and fell into the water.他酒醉跌落水中.三、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)1. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)表示句子的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之間的關(guān)系： 1）當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，主、謂之間的關(guān)系稱為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)； 2）當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，主、謂之間的關(guān)系稱為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 例如： i teach english.（主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）我教英語(yǔ)。 our english is taught by him.（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）我們的英語(yǔ)是由他教的。 he speaks english.（主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）他說(shuō)英文。 english is spoken in many countries all over the world.（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）世界許多國(guó)家都講英語(yǔ)。 在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子中，謂語(yǔ)部分的結(jié)構(gòu)是be + p.p.（過(guò)去分詞）。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子有時(shí)態(tài)的變化，這個(gè)變化反映在be動(dòng)詞上。也就是說(shuō)，把一個(gè)句子做成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子，只需要寫(xiě)出be動(dòng)詞的所需時(shí)態(tài)，再加上所給動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞就行了。當(dāng)然，這只是指謂語(yǔ)部分而言。我們知道，be動(dòng)詞作為一個(gè)獨(dú)立的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有自己現(xiàn)在分詞（being）和過(guò)去分詞 （been）。那么，下面我們來(lái)看看be在各種時(shí)態(tài)中的變化形式：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) am / is / are 一般過(guò)去時(shí) was / were 一般將來(lái)時(shí) shall / will + be 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) would / should + be 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) am / is / are + being 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) was / were + being 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) have / has + been 過(guò)去完成時(shí) had + been 說(shuō)明：1）以上的八個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)可用于被動(dòng)式，其它沒(méi)有列舉的時(shí)態(tài)都不宜用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子中。2）另外，表中被斜線隔開(kāi)的詞表示，供根據(jù)具體情況作選擇。弄清楚了be在各種時(shí)態(tài)中的變化形式以后，我們就能很輕松地寫(xiě)出被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的各種時(shí)態(tài)了。 我們可看看下面的實(shí)例： english is spoken in many countries all over the world .（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)） 世界上許多國(guó)家都講英文。 some tv sets for sale in the department store were stolen last night. （一般過(guò)去時(shí)） 那家商場(chǎng)用來(lái)出售的部分電視機(jī)昨晚被盜。 he wont be allowed, by his father, to marry mary. （一般將來(lái)時(shí)） 他父親不會(huì)讓他娶瑪麗為妻的。 they would be sent to the army when they finished the training. （過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)） 他們結(jié)