英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)歸納--表格形式-看起來(lái)比較方便的.doc

時(shí)態(tài)定義時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)一般疑問句否定句形式一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。often, usually, always, sometimes, every day(week,month),once a week, on Mondays, etc.1.be動(dòng)詞2.行為動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)+be+其他1.把動(dòng)詞be放于句首。2.用助動(dòng)詞do提問，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)還原為動(dòng)詞原形。1.am/is/are+not2.此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加dont；若主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesnt，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)階段或說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。now, at this time, these days, etc.主語(yǔ)+am/ is/ are +doing把be動(dòng)詞放在句首。主語(yǔ)+am/ is/ are +not +doing一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)； 過(guò)去 習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。ago, yesterday, last week(month, year), in 2000, just now, one day, long long ago, etc.1. was/were2.行為動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式1.把was或 were放于句首。2.用助動(dòng)詞did提問，同時(shí)還原為動(dòng)詞原形。1.主語(yǔ)+was/were+ not2. 在行為動(dòng)詞前加do在其前加didnt，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或行為。at this time yesterday或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等。主語(yǔ)+was/ were+ doing把was或were放在句首。主語(yǔ)+was/ were+ not+ doing現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的一向或結(jié)果，或從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 already, yet, just, ever, never, before, recently，in the past few years, 等，及由for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。have/ has +done把have或has放在句首。have/ has +not+ done一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。tomorrow，tomorrow morning/afternoon, the day after tomorrow ，next Sunday/week/year/month， soon, in a few days minutes, etc1.be going to +do2.will shalldo1.be放在句首。2.will/shall提到句首。1.be going tonot+ do2.will shallnot+ do 過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或情況。表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去” by, before等構(gòu)成的過(guò)去時(shí)間短語(yǔ)連用或用于when, before, until等引導(dǎo)的從句中。由said, asked, told, thought等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，had+ donehad放于句首。had+ not+ done過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)候看來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者存在的狀態(tài)。The next day(morning, year), the following month (week),etc.1.would+do 2.was/ were going to +do 1.would 提到句首。2.was 或were放于句首。1.would+not+do 2.was/were +not+ going to +do一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)立足于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻，從過(guò)去看將來(lái)，常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中The next day(morning,Year) The following month(week) etc1,Was/were+going to+do2,would/should+do+其他Was/were放于句首，would/should提到句首1，Was/were+not+going to+do2，would/should+not+do過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)就過(guò)去某一時(shí)間而言，將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，主要用于賓語(yǔ)從句中，多用于間接引語(yǔ) Shoud/would+be+現(xiàn)在分詞例句：They said they would be coming He said he could not come because he would be having a meeting將來(lái)完成時(shí)在將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻之前開始的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)By the time of,by the end of+時(shí)間短語(yǔ)（將來(lái)） by the time+從句（將來(lái)）主語(yǔ)+be going to/will/shall+shall+have+p,p(過(guò)去分詞)+其他例句：By the time you get back,great changes will have taken place in this area 過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)過(guò)去某一時(shí)間對(duì)將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻以前所會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常用在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，表示與過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反Should/would have done sth例句：I thought youd have left by this timeHe told them he would have finished it by 8 oclock現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，這一動(dòng)作可能剛剛開始，也可能仍然在繼續(xù)，并可能延續(xù)到將來(lái)Since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)， for+時(shí)間段Hanv/has+been+doing+其他 例句：I have been sitting here for an hour The children have been watching TV since six oclock.過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)某正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，持續(xù)到過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻，還未完成，一直持續(xù)到之后的當(dāng)前才結(jié)束特殊含義：1，尚未完成：He had been writing the novel 他已經(jīng)在寫小說(shuō)了（他沒寫完）2,企圖：He had been studying the meaning of this proverb他曾今學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)這個(gè)諺語(yǔ)（他曾經(jīng)努力學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)他）3，未得結(jié)果：We had been studying what our enemy had said 我們一直致力于敵人所說(shuō)的（但是我們沒有理解）had+been+doing+其他4，最近情況:He had been quarrelling with his wife.他和他的妻子吵了一場(chǎng)架。（最近）5，反復(fù)動(dòng)作：He had been asking me the same question.他一直問我相同的問題（屢次）例句：She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the examHad they been expecting the news for some time?6，情緒：What had he been doing?他做了什么（不耐煩）將來(lái)完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從某一時(shí)間開始一直延續(xù)到將來(lái)某一時(shí)間。是否繼續(xù)下去，要視上下文而定。Shall/will have been doing例句：I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)看至未來(lái)某時(shí)以前會(huì)一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Should/would+have+been+現(xiàn)在分詞例句：He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years.時(shí)態(tài)練習(xí)1. -Where is Frank now?- He _his bike in the yard.(北京海淀區(qū))A. fixes up B. fixing up C. is fixing up D. fixed 2. -Youve left the light on, Tracy.-Oh, yes. _ to turn it off right now. (宜昌市)A. Id go B. Ive goneC. Ill go D. I go 3.“The World Without Thieves” is a very moving film. I _ it twice already.(陜西省)A. will see B. see C. sawD. have seen 4. The Oriental Pearl TV Tower _ tens of thousands of visitors since l995.(上海市)A) attractedB) attractsC) has attractedD) will attract 5. -Did you see the traffic accident yesterday?-Yes. It happened when I past the museum.（蘇州市）A. walk B. am walking C. will Walk D. was walking 6. -Have you read this book? -YesI_ it two weeks ago（隨州市）Ais reading Bhave read Cwill read Dread 7.- What are you doing ,Jim?-I _a beautiful horse.（北京豐臺(tái)區(qū)）A. draw B. drew C. am drawing D. was drawing 8. They_ all their money, so they have to walk home now. （北京豐臺(tái)區(qū)）A. have spent B. spend C. spent D. are spending