新聞的定義之閱讀難點.ppt

TheMajorDifficultiesofReadingEnglishNewspapers thespecialwritingstylewhichoftengoesagainstthenormalgrammarwillposegreatobstacleforlearnersbecauseitalwaysstrivestocontaintherichestinformationinasfewwordsaspossible NewsEnglishisrichinpuns 雙關(guān) overtones 弦外之音 andvariouswordgamesbymeansofpolysemy 一詞多義 synonym 同義詞 andantinomy 反義詞 3 Westernjournalistsliketoquotetheclassicsintheirreports solackofnecessaryculturalbackgroundknowledgewillleadtoconfusion ExampleSofar theEuropeanCommissioniswaryof 謹(jǐn)慎的 encouragingGypsiestopresentthemselvesasanation Thatmight itisfeared openaPandora sboxalreadycontainingBasques Corsicansandotherawkwardpeoples TheEconomist Basques巴斯克人 居住在西班牙北部比利牛斯山區(qū) 曾多次舉行大規(guī)模游行示威要求脫離西班牙政府 實行自治 Sofar theEuropeanCommissioniswaryof 謹(jǐn)慎的 encouragingGypsiestopresentthemselvesasanation Thatmight itisfeared openaPandora sboxalreadycontainingBasques Corsicansandotherawkwardpeoples TheEconomist Corsicans科西嘉人 科西嘉島是地中海中的島嶼 1769年被強(qiáng)行并入法國領(lǐng)土 拿破侖一世的出生地 自從被侵占后 科西嘉人從未停止民族獨立運動 Pandora sbox潘多拉之魔盒 典出希臘神話 比喻 災(zāi)難之源 或 由于不明智的干預(yù)而引起許多難以解決的復(fù)雜問題 Example Sofar theEuropeanCommissioniswaryofencouragingGypsiestopresentthemselvesasanation Thatmight itisfeared openaPandora sboxalreadycontainingBasques Corsicansandotherawkwardpeoples TheEconomist Example TheideaofMarchloomsasacrucialtime PollsterRichardWirthlinandCounsellorEdMeesehavewarnedthepresidentthatjustaboutnowPresidentCarterbegantoyieldtooutsideclamor Helosthispowerthroughretreat 退卻 andvacillation 動搖猶豫 Time ideaofMarch 指古羅馬日歷的三月十五日 比喻 危險即將來臨的日期 典出莎士比亞悲劇JuliusCaesar 裘力斯 愷撒 EssentialTechniquesforReadingEnglishNews example run race juice measure Speaker chemistry establishment takeawalk gofishing highprofile dry wet Heblinked I mafamilyman maymeanrespectivelyindailyEnglish 跑 競賽 汁 措施 發(fā)言人 化學(xué) 建立 散步 去釣魚 高姿態(tài) 干 濕 他眨了眨眼 和 我是一個有家室的人 EssentialTechniquesforReadingEnglishNews 2 Accumulationofvariousworldknowledgeishighlyimportant Example RepublicansnarrowlyretainedcontroloftheHouseinNovember ThenewSenatewillbesplit50 50 andwillincludeMr Lieberman Butanytieswillbebrokenbythenewvicepresident Mr Cheney TheInternationalHeraldTribune 在十一月大選后組成的新一屆國會中 共和黨仍勉強(qiáng)控制著眾議院 在參議院 兩黨平分秋色 各占50席 而且民主黨議員中還包括落選的副總統(tǒng)候選人利伯曼 然而 如果在表決中票數(shù)相等而出現(xiàn)相持不下的局面時 新任副總統(tǒng)切尼先生會打破這種僵局 Example RepublicansnarrowlyretainedcontroloftheHouseinNovember ThenewSenatewillbesplit50 50 andwillincludeMr Lieberman Butanytieswillbebrokenbythenewvicepresident Mr Cheney TheInternationalHeraldTribune 美國憲法規(guī)定 參議院主席 PresidentoftheSenate 一職由副總統(tǒng)兼任 在表決出現(xiàn)相持不下的局面時 他才有投票權(quán) 西方新聞教科書強(qiáng)調(diào)新聞寫作應(yīng)該 accuracybalanceandfairnessObjectivitybrevityandclarityhumaninterest NewsTendency 1 1999 科索沃戰(zhàn)爭期間 TheNewYorkTimes渲染屠殺阿爾巴尼亞族 搞種族滅絕 鼓動對南動武TimeWhyHeblinked 他為何頂不下去了 Hesetofftheairwar只有華盛頓郵報質(zhì)疑這場戰(zhàn)爭的合法性2 1998年污蔑華裔科學(xué)家李文和 Wenholee 竊密 敲打他頭次數(shù)越多 他說的真話就越多 3 TheNewYorkTimes AlltheNewsthatisfittoprint Reuters tosafeguardtheindependenceandintegrityofnewsservice 蘇聯(lián)解體 一批知識分子移居美國 1997年 11月 時代周刊談到中國由于經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展與影響不斷提高 美國無力阻止 建議政府竭力把中國往有利于美國的方向拉WecannotpreventenhancementofChineseinfluencearisingfromitseconomicgrowth thoughweshouldstrivetochannelitintodirectionsthatserveournationalinterestandpeaceofAsia 一語道破天機(jī) Mainpartsofanews HeadlineLeadBodyBeforelead usuallydateline byline eg Moscow Oct 10 法新社新德里某月某日電 北京時間15時50分發(fā) eg 本報9月2電 發(fā)電地點 東京灣美國密蘇里號戰(zhàn)艦 LessonTwoChina sgrowthPosesOpportunityandRisk ChinaurgesU S toworkforpeaceinSouthChinaSea BEIJING Sept 4 Xinhua ChinaurgedtheUnitedStatesonTuesdaytomakegreatereffortstomaintainpeaceandstabilityintheSouthChinaSeaaheadofU S SecretaryofStateHillaryClinton stwoday visittoBeijing WehavetakennoteoftheU S side srefusaltotakeapositionontheSouthChinaSeaissue ForeignMinistryspokesmanHongLeisaidataregularnewsbriefing WehopetheU S sidewillkeepitscommitmentandmakeeffortsthathelp ratherthanharm regionalpeaceandstability Hongsaid ClintonsaidMondayinJakartathatitisnowtimetocreateacodeofconductfortheSouthChinaSea Itistimefordiplomacy shesaid WehavetheEastAsiaSummitcomingup Thisshouldbethegoalthatdiplomacypursues totrytoattainagreementonarobustcodeofconduct tobegintotrytoliterallycalmthewatersandenablepeopletoworktogethertowardbetteroutcomes HongsaidtheSouthChinaSeaissueiscomplicatedanddifferentcountrieshavedifferentunderstandings concernsandinterestsregardingtheissue ForChina theissueisaboutthecountry ssovereigntyovertheNanshaIslandsanditsinterestsinwatersneartheSouthChinaSea Hongsaid addingthat China likeallothercountriesintheworld hasanobligationtosafeguarditssovereigntyandterritorialintegrity ChinaholdsthatallthepartiesconcernedshouldeffectivelyimplementandabidebytheDeclarationontheConductofPartiesintheSouthChinaSea DOC andenhancecooperationandmutualtrusttomaintainpeaceandstabilityintheSouthChinaSea ratherthantakeanyactionthatcouldcomplicateandescalatethesituation Hongsaid WehopethatpartiesconcernedwillsupporttheconsensusbetweenChinaandASEANmembersandmakeeffortsthatwillboostmutualtrustandstabilityintheregion headded In2002 ChinaandtheAssociationoftheSoutheastAsianNations ASEAN countriessignedtheDOC whichstatesthatsovereignstatesshouldresolveterritorialandjurisdictionaldisputesbypeacefulmeansandthroughfriendlyconsultationsandnegotiations SucceedtoJapan China sgrowthhasdrawngrowingattentionintheworld especiallytheUnitedStates Foroneside theywelcomethegreatbusinessopportunitiesChinahasbrought theimmensemarketandcheaplaborforce ontheotherhand theyblametheUSunemploymenttotradewithChina theunbalancedtradesurplusbet