論文寫作套路.doc

考博論文寫作套路筆記總結(jié)寫作套路 議論文三要素 論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、論證 考試類型有三類：一、 表明觀點(diǎn)型 直接表明觀點(diǎn) 在兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)中選擇一個(gè)進(jìn)行表達(dá) 二、 比較分析型 比較兩個(gè)立場(chǎng)之后確定自己的立場(chǎng) 三、 原因/結(jié)果型討論某一現(xiàn)象的根源或者其后果 真題分析： 表明觀點(diǎn)： 97/Explain the roles that scientists play in society2002.3/With her entry into the WTO, China is being plunged into an international competition for talents, and in particular, forhigher level talents. To face this new challenge, china must do something, among other things, to reform her graduate (postgraduate) education system. State your opinion about this reform, and give the solid supporting details to your viewpoint. 2003/10 My idea of professional ethics for a scientist. 2001/科大 Write an article of about 300 words in which you explain the value of education. 99/To what extent should university courses be geared to the economic needs of the society? 2002/10 As a young scientist, which life would you prefer to live: common or uncommon? Why? 98/ In China more and more young couples living in the city prefer to live a life without children. Do you support this idea or not? Please comment and state your viewpoint. 比較分析： 99/To what extent should university courses be geared to the economic needs of the society?Discuss. 2002/10 As a young scientist, which life would you prefer to live: common or uncommon? Why?98/ In China more and more young couples living in the city prefer to live a life without children. Do you support this idea or not? Please comment and state your viewpoint. 附加/The advantages and disadvantages of internet 附加/The advantages and disadvantages of cell phones 附加/The advantages and disadvantages of college enrollment expansion 原因/結(jié)果：99/What do you think the self detached from the social and cultural context? 附加/What do you think of the tendency that cities are becoming bigger and bigger. 附加/What do you think of the phenomenon that raising pets is becoming more and more popular in todays society. 附加/What effects that popularity of computer knowledge will bring about?實(shí)例分析： 表明觀點(diǎn)： 直接表明：Is failure a bad thing It is unlikely that one does not fail to do something in his life because no one can overcome the limitations in him. Sometimes we cannot make an achievement though we have worked hard, for we have no chance of success. Therefore, failure is quite common inlife and career. phoneThe popularity of telephone makes more and more people rarely write to their families or friends, for a call seems able to do everything. Since a phone is so direct and convenient, why not make full use of it? Work and play “There are twenty-four hours in a day. Some for work some for play.” This is the first poem I have learned in English many years ago. I can still remember it today, not only because it is easy to recite but also because there is something there. This is quite true because we human beings, unlike machines, have flesh and blood, soul and feelings. We cannot work all the time without any form of play. 比較之后表明： With the development of the living standard, some Chinese families can afford a private car. Yet opinions of the development of private cars vary from person to person. Some claim that there are many advantages in owning a car, others strongly object to developing private cars. In my opinion, a private car can bring us a lot of conveniences. With the development of the living standard,some Chinese families can afford a private car.Yet opinions of the development of private cars vary from person to per