小學(xué)英語(yǔ)特殊疑問代詞.doc

小學(xué)英語(yǔ)必會(huì)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)-特殊疑問代詞特殊疑問句是小學(xué)開始接觸的一項(xiàng)重要語(yǔ)法，也可以說是在接觸之后的必考、必會(huì)內(nèi)容，要想把這個(gè)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)掌握好一定要從特殊疑問代詞開始，要先明確的了解這些代詞分別適用于什么地方，不能弄出驢唇不對(duì)馬嘴的笑話，接下來我對(duì)小學(xué)階段需要掌握的特殊疑問代詞做以小結(jié)，僅供參考！（1）what 一般用于提問物品、事物、姓名、做什么。 （2）where 一般用于提問地點(diǎn) （3）when 一般用于提問大概、大約時(shí)間 （4）what time 一般用于提問具體時(shí)間 （5）how 一般用于提問狀況、狀態(tài) （6）how many 一般用于提問可數(shù)名詞 （7）how much 一般用于提問不可數(shù)名詞 （8）how old 一般用于提問年齡 （9）how long 一般用于提問距離 （10）why 一般用于提問原因、或不明白的地方 （11）who 一般用于提問人、是誰(shuí) （12）whose 一般用于提問歸屬、是誰(shuí)的 1）疑問代詞在句中起名詞詞組的作用，用來構(gòu)成疑問句。疑問代詞有下列幾個(gè)： 指人：who，whom，whose指物：what既可指人又可指物：which2）疑問代詞在句中應(yīng)位于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，沒有性和數(shù)的變化，除who之外也沒有格的變化。what，which，whose還可作限定詞。試比較：疑問代詞：Whose are these books on the desk？桌上的書是誰(shuí)的？What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion？美國(guó)的領(lǐng)土擴(kuò)張是朝哪個(gè)方向的？限定詞：Whose books are these on the desk？桌上的書是誰(shuí)的？What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States？哪些事件使密西西比河以東的大部分土地歸屬于美國(guó)？說明1：無(wú)論是做疑問代詞還是限定詞，which 和what 所指的范圍不同。what所指的范圍是無(wú)限的，而which則指在一定的范圍內(nèi)，例如：Which girls do you like best？你喜歡哪幾個(gè)姑娘？What girls do you like best？你喜歡什么樣的姑娘？說明2：Whom是who的賓格，在書面語(yǔ)中，它作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ)，在口語(yǔ)中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可用who代替，但在介詞后只能用whom，例如：Who（m）did you meet on the street？你在街上遇到了誰(shuí)？（作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)）Who（m）are you taking the book to？你要把這書帶給誰(shuí)？（作介詞賓語(yǔ)，置句首）To whom did you speak on the campus？你在校園里和誰(shuí)講話了？（作介詞賓語(yǔ)，置介詞 后，不能用who取代。）說明3：疑問代詞用于對(duì)介詞賓語(yǔ)提問時(shí)，過去的文體中介詞和疑問代詞通常一起放在句首，現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中，疑問代詞在句首，介詞在句未，例如：For what do most people live and work？大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么？（舊文體）What are you looking for？你在找什么？（現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)）說明4：疑問代詞還可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，例如：I cant make out what he is driving at.我不知道他用意何在。Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed？你能告訴我床上的藍(lán)襯衣是誰(shuí)的嗎？Much of what you say I agree with，but I cannot go all the way with you.你說的我大部分同意，但并不完全贊同。疑問代詞用法說明一、疑問代詞的用法英語(yǔ)中的疑問代詞主要who, whom, whose, which, what等，它們通常位于句首，引出特殊疑問句：What are you doing, Jim? 吉姆，你在干什么？Whose wallet is this? 這是誰(shuí)的錢包？Which bike is yours? 哪輛自行車是你的？ 二、兩組疑問代詞的用法比較1. who 與 whom：前者為主格，用作主語(yǔ)，后者為賓格，用作賓格：Who said that? 那是誰(shuí)說的？Whom are you waiting for? 你在等誰(shuí)？但是，當(dāng)用作賓語(yǔ)的 whom 位于句首時(shí)，通?？捎脀ho 代之：Who are you waiting for? 你在等誰(shuí)？2. what, which 與 who：其后接名詞時(shí)只用which和what，不能用who。which和what的區(qū)別是：前者用于選擇范圍較小或較明確的場(chǎng)合，后者用于選擇范圍較大或不明確的場(chǎng)合：Which color do you like, black or white? 黑色和白色，你喜歡哪種？What color is your car? 你的汽車是什么顏色的？但是，若指人，即使選擇的范圍不明確，也多用 which：Which What writers do you like? 你喜歡哪些作家? 其后不接名詞時(shí)，三者均可用，which和what的用法區(qū)別可參見上面的分析。至于who，它一般只用來指人，不管選擇范圍大還是小、明確還是不明確均可用：Who won Tom or Mike? 誰(shuí)贏了，是湯姆還是邁克? Who is your favorite poet? 你最喜歡的詩(shī)人是誰(shuí)?另外，比較以下三句：(from )Who is he? 他是誰(shuí)？（意即要了解他的情況）What is he? 他是干什么的？（詢問他的職業(yè)）Which is he? 他是哪個(gè)？（用于在一群人辨別要找的人） 三、兩個(gè)疑問代詞連用的情況請(qǐng)看以下實(shí)例：Where and when were you born? 你出生在何時(shí)何地？When and how did he go there? 他是什么時(shí)候、怎么去那兒的？Where is it? Where is what? “它在哪兒?”“什么在哪兒?”補(bǔ)充講解句子是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的核心。從句子使用的目的來分，它可分為四類1、 陳述句（肯定句和否定句）2、疑問句（一般疑問句、特殊疑問句和選擇疑問句）3、祈使句（肯定句和否定句）4、感嘆句。四大句子類型的相互轉(zhuǎn)換，對(duì)于學(xué)生來講是個(gè)難點(diǎn)，為此，可通過說順口留的形式來幫助學(xué)生解決這一難題。如：將陳述句變成一般疑問句，可以變成這樣的順口留：疑問疑問調(diào)個(gè)頭，把be(系動(dòng)詞“is are am”)放在最前頭。又如：將陳述句的肯定句變成否定句，我們就可以這樣說：否定，否定加“not”，加在何處，加在系動(dòng)詞的后面；在句子相互轉(zhuǎn)換的題型中，最難的要算“就下列劃線部分提問”或是“看答句，寫問句”這種題型了，其實(shí)，我們只要熟練掌握疑問詞（what，what time, what colour, where， when, who， whose， which， how， how old ，how tall, how long, how big, how heavy , how much， how many等等）具體用法，了解他們是針對(duì)什么提問的，這種題型就很容易做了。對(duì)于這些疑問詞，我建議做一個(gè)表格，所這些疑問代詞的漢語(yǔ)意思、用來提問什么做成一個(gè)表格，對(duì)比著記憶，可能效果會(huì)更好一些。英語(yǔ)中，疑問詞可以分為疑問代詞和疑問副詞，但在小學(xué)階段，同學(xué)們沒有必要分得那么清楚，只要明白每個(gè)疑問詞的意義及用法就可以了。下面是我總結(jié)的PEP英語(yǔ)小學(xué)階段出現(xiàn)的疑問詞，希望對(duì)同學(xué)們的復(fù)習(xí)有一定的幫助。what什么，用來問是什么，叫什么，做什么等 1. Whats your name? 你叫什么名字？2. Whats your father?你爸爸是干什么的？3. What is in your box? 你的盒子里是什么？ What time什么時(shí)間，用來問時(shí)間 What time is it? 幾點(diǎn)了？What time is it now? 現(xiàn)在幾點(diǎn)了？What colour什么顏色， 用來問顏色1. Waht colour is your bag? 你的書包是什么顏色？2. What colour is your book?你的書本是什么顏色？ What about怎么樣， 用來征求意見或詢問感受等，大多用于承接上面的同樣問題1. What bout this pair of shoes? 這雙鞋子怎么樣？2. What about you? 你呢？3. What about your dad?你爸爸呢？ What day 星期幾，用來問星期幾1. What day is it today? 今天星期幾？2. What day was yesterday? 昨天星期幾？ What date什么日期，問具體的日期1Whats the date today? 今天是幾號(hào)？2. What date is tomorrow? 明天是幾號(hào)？ What for為何目的，用來問目的，在一定情況下只可以與why互換 What did you buy that for? 你為什么要買那個(gè)？ when什么時(shí)候，用來問時(shí)間 1. When do you get up? 你什么時(shí)候起床？2. When did you go there? 你什么時(shí)候去的那里？ Where 哪里，用來問地點(diǎn)1. Where is my ruler? 我的尺子在哪里？2. Where are you from? 你是哪里人？3. Where are you going to? 你打算去哪里？ Which 哪一個(gè)，用來問具體的哪一個(gè)1. Which season do you like best? 你最喜歡哪個(gè)季節(jié)？2. Which class are you in? 你在哪一個(gè)班？3.which one is my pen？哪一個(gè)是我的鋼筆？ Who誰(shuí)，用來問人物是誰(shuí)1. Who is that boy? 那個(gè)男孩是誰(shuí)？2. Who are you going to with? 你打算和誰(shuí)一起去？3. Who is that pretty lady? 那個(gè)漂亮的女士是誰(shuí)？ Whose誰(shuí)的，用來問東西是誰(shuí)的1. Whose bag is this? 這是誰(shuí)的包？2. Whose bike is yellow? 誰(shuí)的自行車是黃色的？ Why為什么，用來問原因1. Why do you like spring? 你為什么喜歡春天？2. Why did you go there? 你為什么去那里？ How 怎么樣，用來詢問身體等狀況1. How are you? 你好嗎？2. How is your mother? 你媽媽好嗎？ How old幾歲，用來問年齡1. How old are you? 你幾歲了？2. How old is your father? 你爸爸多大了？ How long多長(zhǎng)，用來問長(zhǎng)度1. How long are your legs? 你的腿多長(zhǎng)？2. How long is your pencil? 你的鉛筆多長(zhǎng)？ How big多大，用來問物體的大小1. How big is your bedroom? 你的臥室多大？ How tall多高，用來問高度2. How tall is your brother? 你弟弟有多高？ How heavy 多重，用來問重量1. How heavy are you? 你有多重？2. How heavy is this box? 這個(gè)箱子有多重？ How far多遠(yuǎn)，用來問路程1. How far can you dive under the water? 在水下你能游多遠(yuǎn)？2. How far is it from here? 從這兒去有多遠(yuǎn)？ How many多少，用來問數(shù)量1. How many apples do you have? 你有多少蘋果？2. How many days are there in a year? 一年有多少天？ How much多少錢，用來問價(jià)格1. How much is this dress? 這個(gè)連衣裙多少錢？2. How much are these desks? 這些桌子多少錢？ How about怎么樣，用來征求意見或詢問感受等，大多用于承接上面的同樣問題，用法與what about相同 1. How about you? 你呢？2. How about that shirt? 那件襯衣怎么樣？ 練一練 1、A: _ is the boy in blue? B: Hes Mike.2、A: _ wallet is it? B: Its mine.3、A: _ is the diary? B: Its under the chair.4、A: _ is the Christmas Day? B: Its on the 25th of December.5、A: _ are the earphones? B: They are 25 Yuan.6、A: _ is the hairdryer? B: Its blue.7、A: _ is it today? B: Its Sunday.8、A: _ was it yesterday? B: It was the 13th of October.9、A: _ this red one? B: Its beautiful.10、A: _ is it from here? B: Its about two kilometer away.11、A: Can I have some paper and some crayons? B:_ ? A: I want to make a kite.12、A:_ one is fatter, the blue one or the red one? B: The blue one.13、A:_ is your cousin? B: Hes 15 years old.14、A:_ do you have dinner? B: At 6 oclock.練習(xí)題1. ( )s your name? -Im Jenny.A.How B.Who C.What D.Where2. ( ) is that? -This is liming speaking!A.When B.Whose C.Why D.Who3. ( ) times did you play basketball a week? -Three times!A. How many B.How often C.How long D.How far4. ( ) pen is this? -Its mine Sam says.A.Where B.Whose C.Who D.What5. ( ) is Anns sister? -Lucy.A. What B.Why C.Who D.When6. ( ) didnt you come to my party? -Sorry, I was ill in bed.A.Why B.Where C.What D. How7.( ) is your hobby(愛好)?-Playing football!A. How long B. How many C. How often D. What8. ( ) have you gone? -Beijing.A.Who B.Where C.How far D.How9. ( ) are you? -Fine. Thanks!A.How B.Who C.When D.How long10. ( ) is it from Beijing to Shijiazhuang?-About 300 kilometer(=km).A.How B.How many C.How far D.How long11. ( ) did you play basketball? -Three times a week.A. How far B.How often C.Where D.How long12. ( ) I go into the classroom; I saw all the students are very quiet!A.How B.When C.How far D.What13. I dont know ( ) to learn English well.A.what B.who C.way D.how14.( ) can