現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)導(dǎo)學(xué)案及答案剖析

1、高一英語 課前作業(yè) A姓名 班級 組別 編制 時間 編號 43 審批 課題： Unit 3 Grammar 現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài) 【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) 】1. 現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成2. 現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的主要用法3使用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)需要注意的問題【重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 】能夠熟練運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)。【 課前預(yù)習(xí) 】現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)就是現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的疊合，即“ have + been + 動詞過去分詞 ”。試比較以下幾組句子的謂語結(jié)構(gòu)：1. 主動： He has repaired the machine for two hours. （他修理這臺機(jī)器已有兩小時了） 被動： The

2、 machine has been repaired for two hours. （這臺機(jī)器已修了兩小時了）2. 主動句： The teacher has borrowed the books.（老師把那些書借走了）被動句： The books have been borrowed by the teacher.（那些書被老師借走了）【完成目標(biāo) 】目標(biāo)一：現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的1現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的 肯定式 ：由構(gòu)成。 構(gòu)成。例如： Two windows have been broken兩個窗子被打破了。2. 現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的 否定式 ：由 構(gòu)成。例如： The car has not

3、been repaired 這輛汽車還沒有修好。3. 現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的 一般疑問式：由 構(gòu)成。例如： Has her work been finished？她的工作完成了嗎？ Yes， it has是的，完成了。 Have the cars been repaired ？這些汽車修好了嗎？ No ，they havent 不，還沒有。4. 現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的 特殊疑問式：由 構(gòu)成。例如： How long has her work been finished ？她的工作完成有多久了？ 愛屋及烏 Love me, love my dog.第1頁共6 頁Who has been helped

4、 by the new computer ？誰已經(jīng)得到了這臺新計算機(jī)的幫助？目標(biāo)二：現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的 主要用法 。1 表示被動的動作發(fā)生在說話之前（即現(xiàn)在的過去） ，強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。當(dāng) 動詞為短暫動詞時，可與 already 或 yet 連用，但不可與 for 或 since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用。 例如： The door has been locked. 門被鎖上了。 （結(jié)果是現(xiàn)在沒有人能進(jìn)去） 房間已打掃干凈了。 翻譯： 2表示一個被動的動作或狀態(tài)開始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能將持續(xù)下去，常與 for 或 since 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用， 或用于 How long？句型中。

5、連用的時間狀語有： already, yet, lately, recently, in the past/last few days/years, since then, up to now, so far等 。例如： They have been told about it for many times 有人告訴他們這事很多次了。 （可能還會 有人告訴他們） 這機(jī)器使用有多久了？翻譯： 目標(biāo)三：使用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài) 需要注意的問題。1現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)有兩個助動詞，即 have has 和 been，兩者缺一不可 。 2注意與一般過去時被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別。 一般過去時 的被動語態(tài)表示一個

6、被動的動作發(fā)生在 過去某個時候， 其結(jié)果對現(xiàn)在沒有影響 ；而 現(xiàn)在完成時 被動語態(tài)的動作或狀態(tài)盡管發(fā)生在 過去，但 側(cè)重說明該動作或狀態(tài)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果 。例如： The house was built last year 這房子是去年建造的。The house has been built 這房子已經(jīng)建好了。3由 finish， buy， start， begin，post，return，borrow， join，marry，open 等非延續(xù)性 詞構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)不能與表示一段時間的狀語如for four days，how long 等連用，而要改換動詞或時態(tài)。 例如：譯：

7、這本書買了多久了？誤： How long has this book been bought ？ 正： How long ago was this book bought ？ 但這類動詞的否定式可表示動作的持續(xù)過程， 具有延續(xù)性， 因而可與 since或 for 引導(dǎo)的時 間段連用。 例如： No books have been bought since last week自上周以來， 沒有人來買過書。 4短語動詞是一個不可分割的整體，在被動結(jié)構(gòu)中要保持完整性， 不可省略短語動詞中的 介詞或副詞 。例如： The orphan has been well looked after這位孤兒一直受

8、到很好的照顧。 【課堂小結(jié)】 本節(jié)從知識上學(xué)到了什么？ 本節(jié)從方法上學(xué)到了什么？愛屋及烏 Love me, love my dog.第2頁共6 頁高一英語作業(yè) B（課后）、將空白處補(bǔ)充完整 ,完成下列含有被動語態(tài)的句子 （每空一詞 ）。1. They have built many houses in the village in the past few years.Many houses in the village in the past few years.2. They should have completed the project earlier this month.The

9、project earlier this month.3. Jacks boss has always praised him for his devotion to work.Jack by his boss for his devotion to work.4. They have found a good place to build a nest in the community.A good place to build a nest in the community.5. They havent yet decided how to solve that difficult tec

10、hnological problem.How to solve that difficult technological problem yet.二 選擇題1. I can t see any coffee in this cupboard. ?A. Has it all been finishedB. Was it all finishedC. Has it all finishedD. Did it all finish2. Millions of pounds worth of damage by a storm which swept across the northof Englan

11、d last night.A. has been caused B. had been causedC. will be causedD. will have been caused3. More patients in hospital this year than last year.A. treatedB. have treatedC. had been treatedD. have been treated4. The window is dirty. I know. It for weeks.A. hasnt cleanedB. didnt cleanC. wasnt cleaned

12、D. hasnt been cleaned5 Paper money for over a thousand years A used Bhas been used Chas used D is using6 Great changes in my hometown and a lot of factories A have been taken place； are being set up Bhave taken place ； have been set upCare taken place； had been set upDhad taken place ； will be set u

13、p7Come and sit down by the fire Your hand cold 愛屋及烏 Love me, love my dog.第3頁共6 頁Ahas been feltB feelsCis felt Dhas felt8The fire to the fifth floor all the people ？A has got； Have； been savedB has been got；Have；savedChas got； Do； saveDhas got； Have； saved9 We want to sit at the table near the window

14、 Im sorry ， but it already A has taken B took Cwas taken Dhas been taken 10 Some of the chapters （片段） by many students A have been widely readB have read widelyC were wide readDhad been widely read11 Why dont you go to the book store to buy some books ？Many new books there A have just broughtB have

15、just been broughtC were just broughtDare just brought12 Till now ， three films in that small village this month A have shown B have been shown C were shown D will be shown 13 Do you know the thief by the police ？Ahas caught Bhas been catching Cwas caught Dhas been caught 14 My sister is working in t

16、he power plant that for just one year Awas used Bhas been used Cis used Dhas used 三、短文改錯。My friend Nick told me story about his experience back in the US, which was very interested. One day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door come by to help. As the old man looked over the thi

17、ngs on the yard that were to be sold, he stopped at a box of golden ball for Christmas trees. On the box was a card say: “25 cents each.”“You will never sell these for that much,”he told Nick. Convinced, Nick has bought the price up to 10 cents a piece. Without a moment s delay, my neighbor picked u

18、p the box but announced, “ Ill take them. ”學(xué)生得分【日期】 月 日愛屋及烏 Love me, love my dog.第4頁共6 頁【批語】 導(dǎo)學(xué)案 43 答案 課前作業(yè) A have has been 及物動詞的過去分詞 have has not been 及物動詞的過去分詞 have has 主語 been及物動詞的過去分詞 疑問詞 have has主語 been及物動詞的過去分詞 翻譯：The room has already been cleaned.How long has the machine been used?課后作業(yè) B 一填空。

19、1. have been built 2. should have been completed3. has always been praised4. has been found5. hasnt been decided 二選擇。第 1 題的第一句話告訴我們，櫥柜里看不到咖啡了，所以緊接著要問 “咖啡已經(jīng)被喝完了 嗎？ ”，故選 A。第 2 題的意思是 “昨晚橫掃英格蘭北部的暴風(fēng)雨已經(jīng)造成了上百萬英鎊的損失 ”，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā) 生在過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，故選A。第 3 題中的 patients 與 treat 之間是被動關(guān)系，排除 A、 B。根據(jù)時間狀語 this year 可知用現(xiàn) 在完成時的被動語態(tài)，故選 D。第 4 題上句提到 “窗戶很臟 ”，所以下句應(yīng)該是 “窗戶已經(jīng)有數(shù)周沒有被擦了 ”，故選 D。5-