英語綜合教程練習(xí)部分答案

1、統(tǒng)一回復(fù)下期末考試范圍及題型：1.聽力25分，其中13分出自聽說第三冊，有對話，篇章理解，選擇題形式；一篇文章為單詞聽寫spot dictation（無句子聽寫）。2.閱讀理解30分，4篇文章，其中一篇出自綜合教程第一冊未上過的單元，一篇出自全新版大學(xué)英語閱讀第一冊。題型全部為選擇題，有一篇為True（T） or False（F），Not Given（NG）。3.詞匯及語法，20分，選擇題。30題出自綜合教程第一冊上過的五個單元，包括Text1和Text2及課后練習(xí)；10題出自全新版大學(xué)英語閱讀第一冊。4.漢翻英，10分，填空題，出自綜合教程第一冊上過的五個單元，Text1和課后練習(xí)。5.作文

2、，15分，給標(biāo)題和大綱。Text ComprehensionI. CII. T, T, T, F, FIV. Explain the following sentences:1. Our big old house had seen the joys and sorrows of four generations of our family.2. I planted these roses a long, long time ago before your mother was born.3. Many sons left home to fight against the Fascist N

3、azi.4. Take the first friendly greeting and always keep it deep in your heart.Vocabulary I. Explain the italicized part:1. suddenly found oneself faced with2. share the same characteristic3. summer is an everlasting season4. let yourself be overcome by5. keep it in your mind and dont ever forget itI

4、I. Fill in the blanks1. instead 2. Confronted with 3.lock away 4. welled up 5. summon 6. brief 7. stared 8. whispering 9. evil 10. give inIII. D, B, B, B, A, D, B, CIV. 1. a. shaking b. shuddered c. shaking d. shuddered2. a. answer b. reply c. reply d. answered3. a. general b. general c. general com

5、mon d. common4. a. small b. tiny c. tiny d. smallWord comparison 1. anger: a strong feeling of wanting to hurt or criticize someone because they have done something bad to you or been unkind to you e.g. Pauls face was filled with anger.discomfort: a feeling of slight pain or of being physically unco

6、mfortable e.g. She still suffers considerable discomfort from her injury.unhappiness: the state of being unhappy e.g. Juliets eyes shone with unhappiness.anguish: mental or physical suffering caused by extreme pain or worry e.g. Nothing can take away the anguish of losing a child.2. special: not ord

7、inary or usual, but different in some way and often better or more importante.g. This is a special case, deserving special treatment.peculiar: strange, unfamiliar, or a little surprisinge.g. There was a peculiar smell in the kitchen.particular: (only used before noun) a particular thing or person is

8、 the one that you are talking about, and not any othere.g. Most students choose one particular area for research.Concrete: definite, positivee.g. The policy have nothing concrete to go on.3. spend: to use your money to pay for goods or servicese.g. I cant afford to spend any more money this week.spe

9、nd something on somethingcost: be obtainable at the price of, require the payment ofe.g. It costs too much.take: if something takes a particular amount of time, money, effort, etc., that amount of time, etc. is needed for it to happen or succeede.g. Organizing a successful street party takes a lot o

10、f energy.waste: to use more money, time, energy, etc. than is useful or sensiblee.g. Leaving the heating on all the time wastes electricity.4. conspicuous: very easy to noticee.g. Lincoln is a conspicuous example of a poor boy who succeeded.graceful: moving in a smooth and attractive way, or having

11、an attractive shape or forme.g. We admired the graceful poise of the dancer.lonely: (adj.) unhappy because you are alone or do not have anyone to talk toe.g. He has so few friends that his life is lonely.truly: used to emphasize that the way you are describing something is really true (=really)e.g.

12、This encyclopedia is truly a compendium of knowledge.5. last: happening or coming after all other similar things or peoplee.g. And last but not least there is the question of adequate funding.final: being or happening at the end of a series of events, actions, statements, etc.; being the result of a

13、 particular processe.g. The project is in its final stages.ending: the last part of a story; the act of finishing sth., the last part of sth.e.g. His stories usually have a happy ending.concluding: the last remark ,etc. in an event or piece of writinge.g. This is the concluding section of Chapter 6.

14、6. alone: adv./adj. without any friends; without the help of other people or things e.g. Carol felt all alone in the world. It is hard bringing up children alone.hoarse: adj. (of a person or voice) sounding harsh, especially because of a sore throate.g. We shouted ourselves hoarse at the football ma

15、tch. grave: (of people) serious in manner, as if sth. sad, important or worrying has just happenede.g. His face was grave when I told him my decision.lonely: (adj.) unhappy because you are alone or do not have anyone to talk toe.g. Dont you get lonely being on your own all day?7. give up: to stop tr

16、ying to do sth.e.g. I give up; tell me what the answer is.give in: to admit that you have been defeated by sb./sth.e.g. He will give in to his opponents claim rather than wrangle over a disputed point. stop: to make sb./sth. no longer do sth. e.g. That phone never stops ringing.retreated (v.+adv./pr

17、ep.) to change your mind about sth. because of criticism or because a situation has become too difficult e.g. The government has retreated from its pledge to reduce class size.8. believe: to feel certain that sth. is true or that sb. is telling you the truth e.g. He thinks that everyone who believes

18、 will go to heaven.notice: to see or hear sb./sth.;to become aware of sb./sth.; to pay attention to sb./sth. e.g. She wears those strange clothes just to get herself noticed.note: to mention sth. because it is important or interesting e.g. I failed to note that he had left. decide: to think carefull

19、y about the different possibilities that are available and then choose one of them e.g. That chance meeting decided my career.V. Synonym / Antonym1. When I was ten I was suddenly confronted with the anguish of moving from the old home I had ever known.Synonyms: pain, grief, sorrow, agony2. “It isnt

20、easy, is it, Billy?” he said softly, sitting down on the steps beside me.Antonyms: loudly, harshly, roughly3. We seem to have so many ways of saying goodbye and they all have one thing in common: sadness.Synonym: sorrow, grief, dismay4. We walked, hand in hand, to his favorite place in the front yar

21、d, where a huge red rosebush sat conspicuously alone.Antonyms: inconspicuously, unnoticeably5. My son had died in some tiny village in ItalySynonyms: small, little6. When you and your friends must part, I want you to reach deep within you and bring back that first hello.Antonyms: meet, join, unite,

22、gather7. A year and half later, my grandfather became gravely ill.Synonyms: seriously, severely, hopelessly8. My whole life, brief as it was, had been spent in that big old house.Antonyms: long, permanent, lastingVI. Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given word in th

23、e brackets.1. Nobody wanted to live in the industrial part of the town. (industry)2. The police asked him to give a description of the suitcase he had lost. (describe)3. He had no suspicion that he was being watched. (suspect)4. This is Alexandra, my personal assistant. (assist)5. Although some of m

24、y work-mates quickly found new jobs after the factory closed down, my brother and I were unemployed for several months. (employ)6. Although I was positive that the girl had stolen my ring, I could not find any proof. (prove)7. examination 8. further1. industry (n.) 工業(yè)、行業(yè)；勤奮 industrial (adj.) 工業(yè)的；用于工

25、業(yè)的；工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)的 industrious (adj.) 勤奮的、勤勞的 industriously (adv.) 勤勞地、勤奮地 industriousness (n.) 勤奮、勤勞e.g. The government takes great measures to expand industry and commerce. 政府采取很多舉措發(fā)展工商業(yè)。His success was due to his industry and thrift.他取得成功是由于他的勤儉。Tom is working industriously at his desk.湯姆正在辦公桌前勤奮地工作。2. des

26、cribe (v.) 描述某人（某物）；叫做、稱做；畫（尤指幾何圖形） description (n.) 對某人（某物）的描述、敘述 descriptive (adj.) 描述的、描寫的e.g. There is some excellent descriptive writing in his novel. 在他的小說里有些極好的描寫。We will describe each of these methods in more detail in the following sections. 在下面的部分中我們將更詳細(xì)地描述每一種方法。 Your essay contains too mu

27、ch description, and not enough discussion of the issues.你的文章中有太多的描寫，而對問題的論述不夠。Her beauty is beyond description. 她的美麗無法用語言描述。3. suspect (v.) 有（某事物）存在或?qū)賹?shí)的想法，相信；懷疑（某物），不相信；懷疑某人有 某罪 suspect (n.) 嫌疑犯，可疑對象 suspect (adj.) 不可靠的；不可信的；可疑的 suspicion (n.) 懷疑；猜疑；些許味道，少量 suspicious (adj.) 有疑心的，表示懷疑的；引起懷疑的，可疑的 uns

28、uspecting (adj.) 不懷疑的，無猜疑的，可信任的e.g. The statement of an interested party is naturally suspect. 當(dāng)事人的陳述自然是可疑的。I suspect that he is more or less involved in the affair.我猜他和這件事多少有點(diǎn)牽連。The constable conducted the suspect to the police station.警官把嫌疑犯帶到派出所。Im suspicious of his story because I know he someti

29、mes tells lies.我對他的說法有疑惑，因?yàn)槲抑浪袝r候會說謊。This boys honesty is above / beyond suspicion.這孩子的誠實(shí)是不容質(zhì)疑的。We were unsuspecting of the fact that he was the very boss there.我們沒料到他就是那里的老板。4. assist (v.) 幫助、協(xié)助、援助；在某場合出席，參加某事物 assistance (n.) 幫忙，援助 assistant (n.) 助手、助理；店員 assistant (adj.) （定語）協(xié)理、副經(jīng)理e.g. You will

30、be expected to assist the editor with the selection of illustrations for the book.你需要幫助編輯為這本書選取插圖。In the summer holiday, I will take a part-time job as a shop assistant.我打算在暑假找一份店員的兼職工作。Can I be of any assistance, madam?女士，有什么可以幫你嗎？5. employ (v.) 雇用某人；使用某人（某物），利用（時間、注意力等） employee (n.) 受雇者；雇員；雇工 emp

31、loyer (n.) 雇用者；雇主 employment (n.) 雇用；使用；受雇用；職業(yè) unemployed (adj.) 未被雇用的；失業(yè)的；不在使用中的 unemployment (n.) 失業(yè)；失業(yè)狀況；失業(yè)人數(shù)e.g. Unemployment has fallen again for the third consecutive month.失業(yè)人數(shù)已經(jīng)連續(xù)三個月下降了。He has been unemployed for over a year. 他已經(jīng)失業(yè)一年多了。Do you think interview is the best way to choose compete

32、nt employees?你認(rèn)為面試是選擇有能力的員工的最好方法嗎？6. prove (v.) 證明、證實(shí)；顯示出是某事物 proof (n.) 證據(jù)、證物、證言；驗(yàn)證、證明 proof (adj.) 可防某事物的，有防護(hù)作用的；能抵御某事物的；（用以構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞）抗 的；防的 disprove (v.) 證明（某事物）有誤或有假 disproof (n.) 反證明；反證物e.g. The operation proved a complete success.手術(shù)事實(shí)上是很成功的。If anyone needs proof of Andrew Davies genius as a writer

33、, this novel is it. 如果誰需要證明安德魯戴維斯寫作方面的天份，那這部小說就是最好的證明。Grammar Exercises I. 1. were bathing, were looking, were playing 2. was sitting, was reading3. was leaving, was, arrived, learned, had left, found, had used4. were playing, heard, hid, took5. was cycling, stepped, was going, managed, didnt hit6.

34、gave, thanked, said, had enjoyed, knew, had not read, were7. had played, reached, entered8. was running, struckII left, spent, had been travelling, appeared, was, were crossing, couldarrived, was sleeping, stopped, came, were getting, was, had not arrived, would beIII. 1. Error: talked correct: was

35、talking (The past progressive suggests an action that is going on) 2. No error. 3. error: had remembered correct: remembered (We use the simple past to talk about a single activity in the past.) 4. error: was working correct: had been working 5. error: had resigned correct: resigned (We use the past

36、 perfect to talk about a past situation or activity that took place before another past situation or activity.) 6. No error. 7. No error. (Since the conjunction after makes cleat the time sequence of the two.) 8. No error. (The past progressive here suggests that the activity recurred during the per

37、iod “when I lived in Paris.”)IV. 1. take 2. to play 3. lifted, thrown 4. barking 5. played 6. to say 7. beaten8. bite, slither 9. drop 10. lying1. TensesUse of simple past tense:1) The simple past tense is used to talk about completed actions and habits in the past. e.g. Shakespeare died in 1616. We

38、 used to walk a mile in the morning when we were in London.2) Past tense of verbs such as want, wonder, hope is used for polite inquiries. e.g. I wondered how you liked the film.Use of past progressive: 1) The past progressive indicates a limited duration of time and is thus a convenient way to indi

39、cate that something took place (in the simple past) while something else was happening. e.g. Carlos lost his watch while he was running.2) The past progressive can express incomplete action. e.g. I was sleeping on the couch when Bertie smashed through the door. as opposed to the simple past, which s

40、uggests a completed action e.g. I slept on the couch last night.3) The past progressive is also used to poke fun at or criticize an action that is sporadic but habitual in nature. e.g. Tashonda was always handing in late papers. 4) We use the past progressive of verbs such as wonder to show politene

41、ss. e.g. I was wondering if you could give me a lift. This use is even more polite and tentative than the simple past.Use of past perfect tense:1) The past perfect tense expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past. It can also show that something happened before a sp

42、ecific time in the past.e.g. I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai.2) If the past perfect tense is not referring to an action at a specific time, it is not optional. Compare the examples below. Here the past perfect tense is referring to a lack of experience rather than an a

43、ction at a specific time. For this reason, the past perfect tense cannot be used. e.g. She never saw a bear before she moved to Alaska. Not CorrectShe had never seen a bear before she moved to Alaska. Correct2. Verbs of perceptionVerbs of perception are a set of verbs denoting the use of one of the

44、physical senses. Some verbs of perception see, look at, hear, listen, and feel, along with watch and sense can be used with objects followed by verbs in -ing form, -ed form and infinitive form. e.g. We heard you leave. (Emphasis on our hearing.)We heard you leaving. (Emphasis on your leaving.)John h

45、as never heard the piece played before. (Emphasis on the passive voice of play.)4. Present participle phrases used as adverbialsPresent participle phrases can be used as adverbials to express reason, condition, time, result and attending circumstances.e.g. Turning around, she saw an ambulance drivin

46、g up. (time)Knowing English well, he can read Shakespeare. (reason)Working still harder, you will succeed. (condition)Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. (result)He sat at the window eating. (attending circumstances)V. Rewrite the sentences :1. Poor as/ though he was, he w

47、as honest.2. Terrible as/ though the storm was, we continued our journey.3. Hard as/ though he tried, he was unable to make much progress.4. Tired as/ though I was, I went on working.5. Much as I would like to help you, Im afraid Im simply too busy at the moment.6. Much as I admire him as a writer,

48、I do not like him as a man.7. Strong as/ though he was, Tom couldnt lift it.8. Bravely as/ though they fought, they had no chance of winning.Translation exercisesI. 1. 我10歲那年，突然要搬家，從我唯一知道的家搬走，心中痛苦萬分。2. 我們似乎有許多不同的方式說再見，但它們都有一個共同之處，那就是令人感到悲哀。3. 有一天，一場可怕的戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)了，我的兒子，就像許許多多的兒子，離鄉(xiāng)背井與極大的邪惡戰(zhàn)斗去了。4. 我在自己的心靈深處

49、搜尋那些構(gòu)成我們友誼的特殊感情。II. 1) He has prepared answers to the questions that he expects to confront during the interview.2) His sad story touched us so deeply that we nearly cried.3) The two of them are walking hand in hand along the riverbank, chatting, laughing, and looking happy.4) When he heard the exci

50、ting news, tears of joy welled up in his eyes.5) People from Shanghai can understand Suzhou dialect with ease, for Shanghai dialect and Suzhou dialect have much in common.6) Henry and his wife are looking into the possibility of buying a new house within three years.7) He finally gave in to his daug

51、hters repeated requests to further her education abroad.8) We locked all our valuables away before we went on holiday.9) Although we have parted from each other, I hope that we will remain good friends and that we will care for and help each other just as we did in the past.10) At that critical mome

52、nt, the army commander summoned all the officers to work out new strategies and tactics which would make it possible to conquer the enemy.Exercises for integrated skillsI. DictationThroughout history / the basic unit of almost every human society / has been the family. /Members of the family live to

53、gether / under the same roof. / They share the economic burdens of life / as well as its joys. / The family head usually has considerable influence / in arranging marriages, / selecting careers / and determining all the important moves and purchases / by any member of the family. / Particularly in c

54、onditions / where society or the state / does not give aid / and the responsibilities of the family are greater, / this large group / provides better protection / in times of economic or other emergency.II. ClozeIn England recently three foreign gentlemen went to a bus stop. They studied the informa

55、tion on the sign and decided which bus to take. About five minutes (1) later the bus they wanted came along. They prepared to get on. Suddenly there was a clamour behind them. People rushed on to the bus and tried to (2) push them out of the way. Someone shouted at the foreigners. The bus conductor

56、came rushing down the stairs to see (3) what all the trouble was about. The three foreign gentlemen looked (4) puzzled and embarrassed. No one had told them about the British (5) custom of queuing for a bus (6) because the first person who arrived at the bus stop is the first person to get on the bu

57、s. Learning the language of a country isnt enough. If you want to ensure a pleasant visit, find out as much as possible about the manners and customs of your (7) hosts . You will probably be surprised just how different they can be from your own. A (8) visitor to India will do well to remember that people there consider it impolite to use the left hand for passing food at (9) table . The left hand is supposed to be used fo