初中英語語法之被動語態(tài)公開課

1、（The Passive Voice).主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)： 英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)，即主動語態(tài)(The Active Voice)與被動語態(tài)（The Passive Voice)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者;被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。 e.g. 1.They make trains in Zhuzhou . (答案） Trains are made in Zhuzhou. （答案）2.The farmers grow cotton every year. （答案） Cotton is grown by the farmers every year. （答案）主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動

2、語態(tài)（The Passive Voice) 一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成： am/is/are+及物動詞的過去分詞 動詞過去分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則（與動詞過去式構(gòu)成規(guī)則一樣）：1、一般在動詞原形末尾加-ed，looked played2、結(jié)尾是e的動詞加-d ， lived used3、末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫 這個輔音字母，再加-ed， planned tripped4、結(jié)尾是“輔音字母+y”的動詞，先變“y”為“i” ， 再 加-ed ， study-studied， carry-carried不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞要牢記 寫出下列動詞的過去式，過去分詞：sing-sang-sungb

3、uild-built-built1、speak （答案） 2、use （答案） 3、make （答案） 4、write （答案） 5、grow (答案) 6、plant （答案） 7、produce （答案） 8、ask （答案） 9、plan （答案） 10、send （答案） 11 、 build （答案） 12、invite （答案） 1、speak （spoke spoken） 2、use used used3、make made made 4、write wrote written5、grow grew grown 6、plant planted planted7、produce p

4、roduced produced 8、ask asked asked9、plan planned planned 10、send sent sent11 、 build built built 12、invite invited invited不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞要牢記 寫出下列動詞的過去式，過去分詞：sing-sang-sungbuild-built-builte.g many people speak English.Englishis spokenby manypeople. 主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的步驟：1、主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語；2、主動句的謂語動詞變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)；3、主動句的主

5、語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞馁e語，由by 引出，當(dāng)不強(qiáng)調(diào)動 作的執(zhí)行者時，常省略。把下列的句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的句子：1、They speak English in Canada .(English.)2、People use wood for making tables. （wood.）3、The make computers in the USA.（Computers）4、They grow rice in South China.（Rice）English is spoken in Canada.Wood is used for making tables.Computer are made in the

6、 USA.Rice is grown in South China. 一般過去時被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成： was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞 e.g 1、The bridge was built last year. 2、It was used in the old days. 3、The PRC was founded on October1，1949.were planted The bridge waswas invitedplay把下列句子變成被動語態(tài)的句子；1、They planted these trees on weekends . These trees on weekends.2、

7、The workers built the bridge in 1968 built by the workers in 1968.3、People invited Yao Ming to play basketball in The USA. Yao Ming to basketball in the USA.4、IBM produced this new type of laptop computer. This new type of laptop computer by IBM.was produced 含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：情態(tài)動詞（can/may/must/should）+be

8、+及物動詞過去分詞 e.g 1、This bike can be repaired. 2、The tree must be put straight in the hole. 3、The classroom should be cleaned every day.把下列主動句變被動句：1、We should plant the trees around the lake 2、We must repair the computer now .3、Students should correct their mistakes .4、We must water the trees well.The t

9、rees should be planted around the lake .The computer must be repaired now .Their mistakes should be corrected .The trees must be watered well.Homework課后自覺復(fù)習(xí) ,做完相應(yīng)練習(xí)。 1、一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài) 2、一般過去時被動語態(tài) 3、含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)的用法：1、當(dāng)不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時；2、沒有必要或不想指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時；3、只需強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者時。三、單項選擇題：( )1.Woolen clothes are used _

10、keeping us warm. A.of B.by C.for D.in ( )2.Are these fridges made_? A.in China B. in Chinese C.of China D.from Chinese ( )3.-Where are bananas _? - _ grown in South China. A. grow, Its B.grown, Its C.grown, Theyre D.grew, Theyre( )4.The League _ in May , 1922. A. is founded B.was founded C. is built

11、 D. was built( )5.The strange thing with three legs_. A.used to drink B. are used for drinking C. is used for drinking D. used for drinkingCACBC( )6.TV programmes can_ to the other side of the world. A.send B. be sent C.make D.be made( )7.Older people must_ politely. A. speak to B. be spoken C.be sp

12、oken to D. say to( )8.The moon always _ around the earth. A. goes B. travels C. turns D. A,B and C.( )9.Many people _English in the world. A.speak B. speaks C. spoke D. are spoken.( )10.We must _ our homework every day. A. be finished B. finish C. are finished D. finishedBCDAB四、把下列句子變成被動句：1.Chinese

13、people built the Great Wall 2,000 years ago. 2. We must plant more trees next year. 3.Dalian produces big ships. 4.Farmers harvest rice in autumn . 5.We should clean our classroom every day.The Great Wall was built by Chinese people 2000 years ago.More trees must be planted next year.Big ships are p

14、roduced in Dalian.Rice is harvested in autumn.Our classroom should be cleaned every day.1. 今日它仍被視為最偉大名著之一今日它仍被視為最偉大名著之一. Today it_ one of the greatest books.2. 我進(jìn)不去是因為門鎖了我進(jìn)不去是因為門鎖了. I couldnt get in because the door _.3. 剛才有人看見一個人進(jìn)了你家剛才有人看見一個人進(jìn)了你家. A man _ enter your house a moment ago.4. 這項工作已經(jīng)完成很長

15、時間了這項工作已經(jīng)完成很長時間了. This piece of work _ for a long time.is still thought to bewas lockedwas seen tohas been finishedbe + PP被動語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)被動語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu): :有各種時態(tài)的變化有各種時態(tài)的變化考點一考點一: :1. Now English _ by more and more people all over the word. A. speaks B. is spoken C. was spoken一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：am / is / are

16、+ PP2. The lost boy _ at the street corner last night. A. was found B. is found C. was looked for一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：was / were + PP3. More man-made satellites _ in the future. A. will send up B. will be sent up C. are sent up一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：will + be + PPbe going to + be + PP4. Three bridge

17、s _ since last year. A. have built B. were built C. have been built現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：have / has + been + PP5. Flowers _ every day. A. has been watered B. should be watered C. should water含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 + be + PP考點二考點二: :被動語態(tài)中的特殊情況被動語態(tài)中的特殊情況: :6. Good medicine _ bitter to the mo

18、uth. A. tastes B. is tasted C. taste This pen _ well. A. is sold B. sell C. sells感官動詞感官動詞, 和和sell等動詞用主動等動詞用主動語態(tài)表被動語態(tài)表被動.7. Many people _ during the earthquake in May, 2008. A. were died B. dead C. diedhappen, last, die等動詞不使用等動詞不使用被動被動.8. The man _ clean the toilet because he _ rubbish bout when the

19、police walked past the park. A. was made; was seen to throw B. was made to; was seen throwing C. made; sawsee / hear sb. do sthbe seen / heard to do sthsee / hear sb. doing sth.be seen / heard doing sth.make sb.do sth.be made to do sth.主動主動: :被動被動: :主動主動: :被動被動: :主動主動: :被動被動: :9. Children should _.

20、A. take good care of B. be taken good care C. be taken good care of固定短語的被動不要丟掉后面的固定短語的被動不要丟掉后面的介詞或副詞介詞或副詞10. Your desk _. A. needs repair B. needs repairing C. needs to repairneed, allow 可以用可以用-ing形式表示形式表示被動被動need to be done = need doingbe allowed to do = allow doing1. should be cleaned2. be washed3

21、. was set up4. have been learnt5. can be replaced6. asked; not to waste was asked not to waste7. is; grown 8. be sent9. are told 10. cant be seen1.樹要在春天種樹要在春天種;2.樹坑要挖得夠大樹坑要挖得夠大,但不要太深但不要太深;3.把樹放進(jìn)坑里把樹放進(jìn)坑里,扶直扶直;4.把泥推回坑里把泥推回坑里,用腳踩實用腳踩實;5.在旁邊插一根堅實的長棍子在旁邊插一根堅實的長棍子,并且保證棍并且保證棍子插直了子插直了;6.用繩子用繩子（rope）把棍子和樹綁起來把棍子和樹綁起來7.澆好水澆好水. 根據(jù)提示寫一篇以根據(jù)提示寫一篇以How to Plant a Tree?為題目的短文，要求內(nèi)容齊全，上為