天津商業(yè)大學(xué)商務(wù)智能實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告3

1、 天津商業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)生實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告 開(kāi)課實(shí)驗(yàn)室：信息專(zhuān)業(yè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室403 開(kāi)課時(shí)間 2016 -3-2 實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告 學(xué)院名稱(chēng)信息工程學(xué)院年級(jí)、專(zhuān)業(yè)、班電子商務(wù)1303班學(xué)號(hào)20134307姓名席鑫同組姓名無(wú)課程名稱(chēng)商務(wù)智能實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目名稱(chēng)實(shí)驗(yàn)三 決策樹(shù)挖掘指導(dǎo)教師 張曉琴實(shí)驗(yàn)類(lèi)型驗(yàn)證 綜合 設(shè)計(jì) 創(chuàng)新 成績(jī)教師評(píng)語(yǔ) 教師簽名： 年 月 日實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告內(nèi)容一般包括以下幾個(gè)內(nèi)容：1、目的要求 2、儀器用具及材料（儀器名稱(chēng)及主要規(guī)格、用具名稱(chēng)） 3、實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容及原理（簡(jiǎn)單但要抓住要點(diǎn)，寫(xiě)出依據(jù)原理） 4、操作方法與實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟 5、數(shù)據(jù)圖表格（照片） 6、實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程原始記錄 7數(shù)據(jù)處理及結(jié)果（按實(shí)驗(yàn)要求處理數(shù)據(jù)、結(jié)論） 8、作業(yè)

2、題 9、討論（對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)中存在的問(wèn)題、進(jìn)一步的想法等進(jìn)行討論）實(shí)驗(yàn)三 決策樹(shù)挖掘一、實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?利用數(shù)據(jù)挖掘模型對(duì)多維倉(cāng)庫(kù)中的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行決策樹(shù)挖掘。 2瀏覽決策樹(shù)，并對(duì)決策樹(shù)進(jìn)行綜合分析，得出挖掘信息，進(jìn)行輔助決策。二、實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容1決策樹(shù)分析對(duì)已有數(shù)據(jù)倉(cāng)庫(kù)中數(shù)據(jù)的數(shù)據(jù)挖掘，選擇決策樹(shù)分析，通過(guò)瀏覽器瀏覽生成的決策樹(shù)。2輔助決策通過(guò)決策樹(shù)得到可利用的信息，用此信息來(lái)確定來(lái)達(dá)到輔助決策的目的。三、實(shí)驗(yàn)要求掌握數(shù)據(jù)挖掘的實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程，并進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)的分析處理。四、實(shí)驗(yàn)準(zhǔn)備認(rèn)真理解教材中的數(shù)據(jù)挖掘的概念，決策樹(shù)算法，以及算法結(jié)束后得到的分析結(jié)果處理。五、實(shí)驗(yàn)原理、方法和手段六、實(shí)驗(yàn)條件 SQL Server 2005七

3、、實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟使用給定的foodmart數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。以及實(shí)驗(yàn)一所做的數(shù)據(jù)源視圖。一、決策樹(shù)分析1創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)挖掘模型（1）在“解決方案資源管理器”中，右鍵單擊“挖掘結(jié)構(gòu)”，在彈出的快捷菜單中選擇“新建挖掘結(jié)構(gòu)”項(xiàng)。系統(tǒng)將打開(kāi)“數(shù)據(jù)挖掘向?qū)А薄?2)在“選擇定義方法”窗口中，確認(rèn)以選中“從現(xiàn)有關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)或數(shù)據(jù)倉(cāng)庫(kù)”項(xiàng)，單擊“下一步”按鈕。（3） 在“創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)挖掘結(jié)構(gòu)”頁(yè)的“你們要使用何種數(shù)據(jù)挖掘技術(shù)?”下，選中列表中的“Microsoft 決策樹(shù)”，再單擊“下一步”。（4）在“選擇數(shù)據(jù)源視圖”窗口中，已默認(rèn)選中WXM。在數(shù)據(jù)源視圖中，單擊“瀏覽”按鈕查看各表。（5）指定表類(lèi)型。（6）指定定型數(shù)據(jù)，在“指定定

4、型數(shù)據(jù)”頁(yè)上，可預(yù)測(cè)列（會(huì)員卡）、鍵列（ID號(hào)）。點(diǎn)擊建議，可以提供相關(guān)列的建議。（7）指定列的內(nèi)容和數(shù)據(jù)類(lèi)型，點(diǎn)擊檢測(cè)，內(nèi)容類(lèi)型會(huì)變化，完成向?qū)?。?）在“完成向?qū)А表?yè)的“挖掘結(jié)構(gòu)名稱(chēng)”中，鍵入“xixin”。（9）在“挖掘模型名稱(chēng)”中，鍵入“xixin”。（10）選擇“允許鉆取”選項(xiàng)，然后單擊“完成”。2處理數(shù)據(jù)挖掘模型（1）在Business Intelligence Development Studio 的“挖掘模型”菜單上，選擇“處理挖掘結(jié)構(gòu)和所有模型”。（2）看到詢(xún)問(wèn)是否要生成和部署項(xiàng)目的警告時(shí)，請(qǐng)單擊“是”?！疤幚硗诰蚪Y(jié)構(gòu)”對(duì)話(huà)框隨即打開(kāi)。（3）單擊“運(yùn)行“。模型處理完成后，在“

5、處理進(jìn)度”對(duì)話(huà)框中單擊“關(guān)閉”。在“處理挖掘結(jié)構(gòu)”對(duì)話(huà)框中單擊“關(guān)閉”。3.瀏覽數(shù)據(jù)挖掘模型。（1）在“數(shù)據(jù)挖掘設(shè)計(jì)器”中，選擇“挖掘模型查看器”選項(xiàng)卡。默認(rèn)情況下，設(shè)計(jì)器將打開(kāi)添加到結(jié)構(gòu)中的第一個(gè)模型，使用放大鏡按鈕調(diào)整樹(shù)的顯示大小。默認(rèn)情況下，Microsoft樹(shù)查看器僅顯示樹(shù)的前三個(gè)級(jí)別。如果樹(shù)級(jí)別不到三個(gè)，則查看器僅顯示現(xiàn)有級(jí)別?？梢允褂谩帮@示級(jí)別”滑塊或“默認(rèn)擴(kuò)展”列表查看更多級(jí)別。（2）“依賴(lài)關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)”選項(xiàng)卡“依賴(lài)關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)”選項(xiàng)卡顯示決定挖掘模型預(yù)測(cè)能力的各個(gè)屬性之間的關(guān)系。 在“依賴(lài)關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)”選項(xiàng)卡中瀏覽模型中，調(diào)整“所有鏈接”滑塊可確定影響最大的屬性。向下滑動(dòng)滑塊時(shí)，將只保留對(duì)

6、列影響最大的屬性。下圖為年收入依賴(lài)的數(shù)據(jù)關(guān)系。結(jié)合決策樹(shù)，可以看到挖掘圖例中共有10281個(gè)事例，其中銅卡占有55.42%，金卡占11.67%，普通卡占23.53%，銀卡占9.35%。顏色深表示事例多，發(fā)生的概率大，顏色淺表示事例少，發(fā)生的概率小。查看決策樹(shù)，當(dāng)條件為：“Yearly Income =$130K-$150K時(shí)，挖掘圖例顯示事例發(fā)生的高低狀況。Bronze即銅卡發(fā)生的概率最大，達(dá)70%，同時(shí)看其三級(jí)顯示，發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子數(shù)小于等于2的，發(fā)生的概率大，（從顏色來(lái)看），如果孩子數(shù)大于等于3個(gè)，則金卡可能性大。由此可知，擁有孩子較多的客戶(hù)選擇金卡的概率比擁有孩子少的客戶(hù)大。根據(jù)決策樹(shù)模型，可以

7、看出年收入對(duì)會(huì)員卡的選擇影響最大：低收入段($30K以下)集中在普通卡，中等收入層集中($30K$150K)在銅卡，而高等收入層($150K以上)更多的集中在金卡和銀卡。八、思考題寫(xiě)出本決策樹(shù)的規(guī)則。如：IF Yearly Income =$10K-$30KTHEN Member Card=NormalIF Yearly Income =$130K-$150K AND Num Children At Home=2THEN Member Card=BronzeIF Yearly Income =$130K-$150K AND Num Children At Home=0THEN Member C

8、ard=BronzeIF Yearly Income =$130K-$150K AND Num Children At Home=1THEN Member Card=BronzeIF Yearly Income =$130K-$150K AND Num Children At Home=3THEN Member Card=GoldenIF Yearly Income =$130K-$150K AND Num Children At Home=5THEN Member Card=GoldenIF Yearly Income =$130K-$150K AND Num Children At Hom

9、e=4THEN Member Card=GoldenIF Yearly Income =150K AND Num Children At Home=0THEN Member Card=SliverIF Yearly Income =150K AND Num Children At Home=不等于0THEN Member Card=GoldenIF Yearly Income =$110K-$130K AND Num Children At Home=1THEN Member Card=BronzeIF Yearly Income =$110K-$130K AND Num Children A

10、t Home=2THEN Member Card=BronzeIF Yearly Income =$110K-$130K AND Num Children At Home=0THEN Member Card=BronzeIF Yearly Income =$110K-$130K AND Num Children At Home=5THEN Member Card=GoldenIF Yearly Income =$110K-$130K AND Num Children At Home=4THEN Member Card=GoldenIF Yearly Income =$110K-$130K AN

11、D Num Children At Home=3THEN Member Card=GoldenIF Yearly Income =$90K-$110K AND Num Children At Home=不等于3THEN Member Card=BronzeIF Yearly Income =$90K-$110K AND Num Children At Home=3THEN Member Card=GoldenIF Yearly Income =$70K-$90K AND Num Children At Home=1THEN Member Card=BronzeIF Yearly Income

12、=$70K-$90K AND Num Children At Home=2THEN Member Card=BronzeIF Yearly Income =$70K-$90K AND Num Children At Home=0THEN Member Card=BronzeIF Yearly Income =$70K-$90K AND Num Children At Home=5THEN Member Card=GoldenIF Yearly Income =$70K-$90K AND Num Children At Home=4THEN Member Card=GoldenIF Yearly

13、 Income =$70K-$90K AND Num Children At Home=3THEN Member Card=GoldenIF Yearly Income =$30K-$50K AND Num Children At Home=1THEN Member Card=BronzeIF Yearly Income =$30K-$50K AND Num Children At Home=2THEN Member Card=BronzeIF Yearly Income =$30K-$50K AND Num Children At Home=0THEN Member Card=BronzeI

14、F Yearly Income =$30K-$50K AND Num Children At Home=5THEN Member Card=GoldenIF Yearly Income =$30K-$50K AND Num Children At Home=4THEN Member Card=GoldenIF Yearly Income =$30K-$50K AND Num Children At Home=3THEN Member Card=GoldenIF Yearly Income =$50K-$70K AND Num Children At Home=3THEN Member Card

15、=GoldenIF Yearly Income =$50K-$70K AND Num Children At Home=4THEN Member Card=GoldenIF Yearly Income =$50K-$70K AND Num Children At Home=5THEN Member Card=GoldenIF Yearly Income =$50K-$70K AND Num Children At Home=2THEN Member Card=BronzeIF Yearly Income =$50K-$70K AND Num Children At Home=1THEN Member Card=BronzeIF Yearly Income =$50K-$70K AND Num Children At Home=0 THEN Member Card=Bronze九、實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告1、格式要求：按照實(shí)驗(yàn)室統(tǒng)一報(bào)告格式要求書(shū)寫(xiě)。2、內(nèi)容要求：包括實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?，?shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容，實(shí)驗(yàn)器材，實(shí)驗(yàn)原理，實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟，實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)記錄，實(shí)驗(yàn)分析等內(nèi)容。并粘貼實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果。十、注