初中英語課程標準

1、TB店名：貝殼英語大本營1410929811初中英語教學輔導講義教師姓名學生姓名上 課 時 間輔導科目英 語年 級七（下） 上 課 表 現(xiàn) 課題名稱第五講：Unit 5 Water教學目標知識點：數(shù)量詞的用法考點: 1. 考察本單元單詞短語及句型 2. 考察本單元語法知識運用能力： 1. 學習并會靈活運用本單元詞匯短語及句型 2. 準確運用本單元語法點：a little, a few, too many, too much等 3. 完型閱讀能力訓練方法：練習歸納Step 1 Homework Checkingl 作業(yè)講評；l 詞匯短語聽寫：單詞得分 短語得分 l 上節(jié)課知識點回顧。Step 2

2、 Warming-upl 經(jīng)典廣告（一）1、摩托羅拉手機：智慧演繹，無處不在。Intelligence everywhere on.2、百事可樂：新生代的選擇。The choice of a new generation.3、精工手表：一朝擁有，別無所求。The first ever, the last youll ever need.4、雪碧：服從你的渴望。Obey your thirst.Step 3 Phonetic Symbols語音基礎小練習：/ str / spl / spr / skr /選出下列每組單詞的劃線部分發(fā)音與其他三項不同的一項。( ) 1. A. stream B.

3、screamC. screenD. script( ) 2. A. splendid B. spendC. splashD. split( ) 3. A. street B. strawberryC. streamD. steam( ) 4. A. spring B. sproutC. spreadD. sweet( ) 5.A. return B. journeyC. throughD. preferkeys: ABDDCStep 4 Language LearningUnit Five Water單詞歸納n.drop, journey, quantity, experiment, salt

4、, voice, reservoir, chemical, pipe, bit, bank, change, vapour, crystalv.drop, add, return, form, stir, continueadj.fresh, valuableadv.onprep.through【單詞重點講解】1. drop n. 滴 v. 掉下；落下 e.g. “A few days ago, I was in a cloud,” said the drop of water. “Then I dropped into a river and then ran into a reservoi

5、r” “幾天前，我在一片云朵里，”那滴水說， “后來我滴入了一條河里，然后奔入了一個水庫?！薄居梅ㄖv解】（1）drop 作名詞，意思是“滴”，常用a drop of表示“一滴”（2）作動詞，意思是“掉下，落下”，常與into, onto, off連用（3）過去式為droppede.g. He dropped off his bike this morning. 今早他從單車上掉下來了。2. journey n. 旅行；旅程 【辨析】journey: 指陸路,海路,空路的旅行,但一般用于有預定地點的較長的距離的陸上旅行. trip:指任何形式或任何目的的短期旅行. e.g. I am going

6、 on a long car journey. 我打算自己開車長途旅行。 We are planning to make a day trip to France. 我們正打算去法國一日游。3. quantity n. 數(shù)量 e.g I only bought a small quantity of cheese. 我只買了一點奶酪。 【拓展】a quantity of + 可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù) 大量的，許多an amount of + 不可數(shù)名詞 4. experiment n. 實驗；試驗 e.g. They have to do experiments to find out if the d

7、rug is safe for humans. 他們必須做實驗，找出這個藥對人是否安全?！就卣埂繉Ρ龋?experience 經(jīng)驗 不可數(shù)名詞 experience 經(jīng)歷 可數(shù)名詞5. salt n. 鹽 【詞匯拓展】 salty adj. 咸的 sour adj. 酸的 bitter adj. 苦的 hot adj. 辣的 sweet adj. 甜的 6. on adv. （表示已連接、處于工作狀態(tài)或使用中）e.g. The tap was on. （水）龍頭開著?！咀⒁狻看颂巓n作副詞用，表示已連接、處于工作狀態(tài)或使用中，其反義詞是off。e.g. Dont leave the house

8、 when the microwave oven is on. 微波爐開著時別走開了。 on prep. 在上面e.g. There is an apple on the table. 桌子上有一個蘋果?！驹~組拓展】on 與 off turn on 打開（電器類） put on 穿上 get on 上（車、船、火車、飛機等） turn off 關（電器類） take off 脫下 get off 下（車、船、火車、飛機等）7. voice n. 嗓音；說話聲 【用法】 in a / an + adj. + voice “以一種的聲音”【辨析】 voice 一般指人的聲音，說話、唱歌。談笑都可用

9、voicesound “聲音”，“響聲”講時，可以指人或動物發(fā)出的聲音，或物體碰撞的聲音， 這個詞的使用范圍很大?？梢哉f，大自然的任何“聲音”都可以用sound noise 意為“噪音”、“喧鬧聲”，常指不悅耳、不和諧的嘈雜聲 e.g. I recognized her voice at once when he phoned. 他打電話時，我馬上就認出了他的聲音。Sound travels more slowly than light.  聲音比光傳播得慢。 We couldnt hear a 

10、;sound here. 在這里我們一點聲音也聽不到。 【要點歸納】 1、sound和noise不僅能指人的聲音，還可以表示別的動物發(fā)出的聲音；2、而voice除了有時可指鳥的聲音外，很少表示其它動物的聲音?！镜湫屠}】 請選用sound, voice或noise來填空。 1. Will you please make less  , boys and girls? 2. Dont speak in such a high . 3. Do you often listen to the

11、 of America? 4. At midnight he heard a strange . 5. Dont make any ! 6. The girl has a beautiful . 7. Light travels much faster than . keys: 1. noise 2. voice 3. Voice 4. sound 5. noise 6. voice 7. sound8. through prep. 通過；穿過 【用法講解】 強調(diào)從物體內(nèi)部或一定范圍內(nèi)穿過、通過 e.g. The sunlight was coming in through the windo

12、w. 陽光透過窗戶照了進來?！驹~組拓展】 1、go through / come through 經(jīng)歷 2、look through 瀏覽 3、get through to sb. 打通某人的電話【辨析】across介詞“橫過，穿過”，通常與go, run, swim等詞搭配指：從的一邊到另一邊，從事物表面穿過cross動詞“穿過”，通?？梢灾苯臃旁诰渥又衪hrough介詞“通過；穿過”，也通常與go, run, swim等詞搭配指：從中（內(nèi)部）通過over介詞“在上方過，越過”常指在空間上通過、越過，也可指垂直在上，與物體的表面不接觸 e.g. I go across the road. =

13、 I cross the road. 我橫過馬路。（經(jīng)斑馬線） The car went through the road. 汽車經(jīng)過馬路。（沿著馬路） There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座橋。He jumped over the wall. 他跳過了墻?！镜湫屠}】 請選用cross, across, through或over填空。1. Go the bridge, and youll find the park.2. The river runs the city.3. The old man is the road.4. The little g

14、irl ran the road.5. He jumped the wall.6. Be careful when you the street.7. The horse jumped the fence.8. Can you see it this hole?keys: 1. across 2. through 3. crossing 4. across 5. over 6. cross 7. over 8. through短語歸納ReadingListeningturn off 關掉look around 環(huán)顧四周a drop of 一滴drop into 掉進里addto 把加入reme

15、mber not to do 記得不要做come out of 從出來leaveon 讓開著a bit 有點；一點part of 的一部分pocket money （父母給孩子的）零花錢Grammar Writinga lot of = lots of 許多a little 一點a few 幾個too many/ much 太多talk about 談論by the way 順便(be) made up of 由組成dry up 干涸turn into 變成More Practicemost of 大部分的take a shower 淋浴instead of 代替save up 儲存；節(jié)省th

16、e end of 的結尾【短語重點講解】1. turn off 關掉e.g. “ Turn that tap off,” said an angry voice. “Youre wasting water.”“把水龍頭關掉，”一個生氣的聲音說，“你在浪費水?！薄咀⒁狻浚?）turn off 意思是“關掉”，它的反義詞組是turn on；（2）代詞作賓語時必須放在off或on的前面。e.g. The lights are all on. Why didnt you turn them off before you left? 燈都開著。為什么你離開前沒把它們關掉？2. addto 把加入e.g

17、They cleaned me and added some chemicals to me. 他們把我清潔干凈，在我身上加入一些化學成分。【用法講解】add to “把加入或加上”e.g. If you add 4 to 5, you get 9. 四加五等于九。 【技能必備】 add是動詞，注意：Four add five is nine. 【誤】 Four plus five is nine. 【正】 介詞3. make sb./ sth. + adj. 使某人（或某物）e.g People will make me clean again. 人們將再次凈化我?！就卣埂?make + s

18、b. / sth. + do sth. 使某人（或某物）做（注意后面跟動詞原形）e.g. She made her dog run around the house. 她使得他的狗滿屋子跑。4. remember to do sth. 記得要做某事 否定形式：remember not to do sth. e.g. Remember not to waste or pollute me. 記得別浪費我，也別污染我?！颈嫖觥?remember to do sth. 記得要去做某事（事情沒做） remember doing sth. 記得做過某事（事情已做）e.g. Remember to loc

19、k the door when you leave. 你離開的時候記得鎖門。（門還沒鎖） I remember locking the door. 我記得已鎖門了。（門鎖了）【拓展】 forget to do sth. 忘記要去做某事（事情沒做） forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事（事情已做）e.g. Dont forget to lock the door when you leave. 你離開的時候不要忘了鎖門。（門還沒鎖） I forgot locking the door. 我忘記已經(jīng)鎖了門。（門鎖了）5. instead of 代替；而不是 e.g. Having a

20、shower instead of a bath can save up to 400 litres a week. 用沖澡取代泡澡一周可以節(jié)水多達400升?！居梅ㄖv解】instead of “代替；而不是”，后接名詞、代詞或動名詞。e.g. I gave him some advice instead of money. 我沒給他錢而是給了些建議。You should do something to help instead of laughing at them. 你應該幫點忙而不是取笑他們?！揪湫椭v解】1. Then it was time for people to clean me.

21、 那時人們就該給我做清潔處理了?！窘馕觥縄t is time for sb. to do sth. “某人該是做的時候了”e.g. Its time for children to go to bed. 孩子們該上床睡覺了。 【句型拓展】 Its time to do sth. e.g. Its time to have lunch. 到吃午飯的時間了 Its time for sth e.g. Its time for (having) lunch. 到吃午飯的時間了2. About 70 % of the human body is water. 人體中大約百分之七十是水分?！窘馕觥?當“

22、分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+名詞或代詞”作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)形式常取決于分數(shù)或百分數(shù)后面的名詞或代詞。e.g. More than 80% of the English books are from Canada. 百分之八十以上的英文書籍都是從加拿大引進的。Only 40% of the work was done yesterday. 昨天僅完成了百分之四十的工作。3. Having a bath uses about twice as much water as taking a shower.泡澡所用的水量大約是沖澡的兩倍。 【解析】（1）“動名詞”即：動詞加上-ing后可以充當名詞的作用，動

23、名詞可以在句中充當賓語或主語。 e.g. Reading is a good way to learn English. 閱讀是一種學習英語的好方法。 He gets every chance to practice speaking English. 他抓住一切機會練習說英語。（2）asas中間用形容詞或副詞的原級，表示“和一樣”與倍數(shù)相連，表示“是的倍”e.g. Is he as tall as your brother? 他和你哥哥一樣高嗎？ The meeting hall is four times as large as our classroom.會議廳有我們教室的四倍那么大。3

24、. If water drips from your tap every 10seconds, you will waste about 315 litres of water a year- enough to fill two baths!如果水滴每10秒從你的龍頭滴落一次，那么你一年將浪費大約315升水-足夠裝滿兩浴缸！【解析】（1）drip是動詞，意思是“（液體）滴下”e.g. I felt a drop of rain drip on my face. 我覺得有一滴雨滴到了我臉上。（2）enough “足夠”，用法如下：a. 放在名詞前，既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞；b.

25、 修飾形容詞或副詞時放在形容詞或副詞后面；c. 還常與動詞不定式to do連用。e.g. He doesnt have enough money to buy a new coat. 他的錢不夠買件新外套。Is your house big enough to hold so many people? 你家的房子夠大，可以容納下這么多人嗎？【注意】if 引導的“條件狀語從句”，若主句為一般將來時，從句須用一般現(xiàn)在時。e.g. If it doesnt rain this Saturday, well go climbing the Baiyun Mountain. 本周六如果不下雨的話，我們將

26、去爬白云山。【課堂基礎練習】一、根據(jù)句意及所給的首字母提示寫出所缺單詞，并注意其形式。1. She cried just now. You can see a tear d_ on her face.2. People can drink f_ water, not the salt water.3. You shouldnt touch the microwave （微波爐）when it is o_.4. Eason has a good v_, so he sings beautifully.5. When I go shopping with my mother, she usuall

27、y gives the c_ to me.6. Water is very v_ so we must protect it.7. There is a b_ near my home.8. Remember to r_ the books to the library on time.9. Before my dad goes travelling, I often say to him “ Have a good j_.”10. When you a_ some sugar to the water, it becomes sweet.二、根據(jù)中文意思，完成下列句子。1. 洗手之后要記得關

28、上水龍頭。 After you wash your hands, remember to _ _ the tap.2. 我讀小學時只有一點點的零用錢。 I only had a little _ _ when I was in primary school.3. 如果你想把水變成冰就把它放進冰箱里。 If you want to _ the water _ ice, put it into the fridge.4. 他想去的是大海而不是高山。 She wants to go to the sea _ _ mountains.5. 我們班是由24個男生和25個女生組成。 Our class _

29、 _ _ _ 24 boys and 25 girls.6. 看！我的小貓從箱子里出來了。 Look! My little cat is _ _ _ the box.7. 由于天氣干燥，這條河很快就干涸了。 The river _ _ soon because of the dry weather.8. 南沙群島是中國的一部分。 The Nansha Islands are _ _ China.9. 這些菜有些酸辣。 These dishes are _ _ sour and hot.10. 請加一些鹽到湯里，這樣它才會更美味。 Please _ some salt _ the soup. I

30、t will taste more delicious.三、從方框中選擇適當?shù)亩陶Z填空，并注意形式。a drop of water, travel through, remember not to,make clean, Its time for, come from1. - Where does he _? - America.2. We should save water. Dont waste _.3. My uncle enjoys adventure（冒險）. He is going to _ the forests.4. _ be late. Well set off at eig

31、ht o clock tomorrow.5. Lets work together to_ the Earth _.6. _ class. Lets go into the classroom.四、按要求轉(zhuǎn)換下列句子。1. Its time for a meeting.（改為同義句） Its time _ _ a meeting.2. We should drink eight glasses of water.（就劃線部分提問） _ _ water should we drink every day?keys:一、1. drop 2. fresh 3. on 4. voice 5. chan

32、ge 6. valuable 7. bank 8. return9. journey 10. add二、1. turn off 2. pocket money 3. turn, into 4. instead of 5. is made up of6. coming out of 7. dried up 8. part of 9. a bit 10. add, to三、1. come from 2. a drop of water 3. travel through 4. Remember not to5. make, clean 6. Its time for四、1. to have 2.

33、How much【語法歸納】數(shù)量詞的用法一、專題精講 1. little; a little; few; a few用法可數(shù)不可數(shù)肯定a few(有一些)a little否定few(幾乎沒有)little(幾乎沒有) Would you please buy some salt for me, Tony? There is little left. 托尼，可以給我買些鹽嗎？已經(jīng)沒有了。 He has so little money that he cant afford the book. (如此少)他的錢太少買不起這些書。2. much, many , a lot of 與lots of用法

34、much +不可數(shù)1. Have you got _homework to do?2. Have you got _stickers?keys: 1. much / a lot of / lots of 2. many/ a lot of / lots of many+可數(shù)復數(shù)a lot of+ 可數(shù)/不可數(shù)lots of +可數(shù)/不可數(shù)3. enough， too的用法enoughenough +名詞 形容詞、副詞+ enough I have enough rice.too many太多too many +名詞復數(shù)I have too many apples.too much太多too m

35、uch+ 不可數(shù)I have too much rice.too few太少too few+名詞復數(shù)I have too few apples.too little太少too little + 不可數(shù)I have too little rice.not enoughI dont have enough apples. / I dont have enough rice.4. How many how much用法How many + 可數(shù)名詞復數(shù) + 一般疑問句？How many CDs do you have?How much+ 不可數(shù)+一般疑問句？How much information

36、do you need?5. no 的用法： 數(shù)量上的“沒有”， 相當于 not anyThere is no rice in the house.I have no dollars with me.【課堂練習】【語法知識點綜合檢測】一、 Complete the sentences with much , many, how much, how many. 1. Did you buy _food? 2. There arent _hotels in the town. 3. We havent got _milk. 4. Were there _people on the train? 5

37、. Did _students fail the exam? 6. _people are coming to the party? 7. _sugar do you want in your coffee? 8. _bread did you buy? 9. _players are there in a football team?二、 用 little , a little, few , a few 填空 1. There is _ bread in the fridge . Please go to buy some. 2. The girl has just come , so sh

38、e has _ friends in this school.3. Your sister bought _ cakes back , if you are hungry , you can eat them.4. I know quite _ people because Ive worked here for nearly 20 years.5. Can I drink _ water ? I am still very thirty.三、用 how many ,how much , too many , too much , too little , too few 填空1. _ did

39、 you spend on this TV set? - 3000 dollars.2. There is _ food for the man because he is so big.3. The room is too small because there are _ people.4. No one can guess _ sheep she has .5. She knows _ people here , so she has to stay at home alone at weekends.四、單項選擇( ) 1. He has _ bread to eat, so he o

40、ften gives me some. A. too much B. too many .C. little D. a few( ) 2. I cant listen to the waiter clearly because I know _ English. A. a few B. a little C. little D. many( ) 3. Two hundred yuan is _ for me to use in a week. A. too many B. too few C. enough D. many( ) 4. It took us _ time to finish o

41、ur homework today. A. too much B. too many C. many D. a few ( ) 5. The voice of her daughter sounds _. A. sweet B. sweetly C. happiness D. happily( ) 6. Robert is a man of_ words.A. little B. a little C. few D . fewer( ) 7. Many people have tried , but _ have succeeded in completing the task.A. the

42、few B. a few C .few D. some( ) 8. He knows _about French .You may go and ask him about it.A. a few B .few C. little D .a little( ) 9. There are _ books for the children. A. a little B. too much C. one D. few( ) 10. Although shes wealthy, she spends_ on clothes. A. little B. few C. much D. a little(

43、) 11. Guests come here but_ stay overnight. A. few B. little C. much D. enough( ) 12. There is _tea in your cup .Would you like some more? No, thank you.A. few B. a few C. little D. a little五、中考鏈接 ( ) 1. Im sorry to bring you so _ trouble.It doesnt matter.A. many B. few C .much D .little( ) 2. Eatin

44、g _is bad for your health.A. Too much B. too many C. very much D. much too( ) 3. They dont get _money to buy a new car. A .enough B. a few C .no D. few( ) 4. Taking a bath uses _water as taking a shower. A .more B. less C. twice as much D. twice as many( ) 5. Can I talk to you for a minute, Brain? S

45、ure, I have _time. (2003 廣州) A. a little B. little C. few D. a few一、Keys: 15 much many much many many 69 How many how much How much How many二、Keys: 15 little few a few a few a little 三、How much too little too many how many too few四、Keys: 1-12 ACCAA CCDDA AD五、Keys: 1-5 CAACA 學 法 提 煉1. 專題特點 (1). littl

46、e; a little; few; a few的用法與區(qū)別。 (2). much, many , a lot of 與lots of的用法與區(qū)別。 (3)enough too的用法與區(qū)別。 (4). How many how much的用法與區(qū)別。 (5). no 的用法2、解題方法(1).看后面的名詞是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞；(2).根據(jù)題目的意思，判斷數(shù)量詞在題目中是表達肯定意義還是否定意義。3. 注意事項 一看名詞，二看意思。閱讀完型訓練語法選擇閱讀下面短文，按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從31-40各題所給的A, B,C D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Dogs

47、are peoples good friends and of great help to people. Dogs are very popular _31_they are nice to people. They can help people _32_. How do dogs help people? Some people cant see _33_and they cant go out by _34_very well. Dogs can lead these kinds of people_35_where they want to go. Some people are d

48、eaf. Dogs can let them _36_when a phone rings or somebody calls. There are many kinds of dogs _37_the world. Some people like to _38_dogs for pets. Dogs make them _39_and they can have fun with their dogs. But some dogs, _40_sheep dogs, should not be pets because they working dogs. They can help peo

49、ple carry heavy things.（ ）31. A. because B. but C. so D. or（ ）32. A. lots of B. many C. a lot D. a lot of（ ）33. A. something B. anything C. one thing D. nothing（ ）34. A. himself B. herself C. yourselves D. themselves（ ）35. A. in B. on C. to D. up（ ）36. A. to know B. know C. knowing D. knows（ ）37. A. in B. at C. under D. between（ ）38. A. having B. have C. has D. had（ ）39. A. happily B. unhappy C. happiest D. happy（ ）40. A. as B. like C. with D. look likekeys: 31-35ACBDC 36-40 B