銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理法

1、LawofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaonRegulationofandSupervisionovertheBankingIndustry(Adoptedatthe6thMeetingoftheStandingCommitteeoftheTenthNationalPeople'sCongressonDecember27,2003andpromulgatedbyOrderNo.11ofthePresidentofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaonDecember27,2003)ContentsChapter I General

2、ProvisionsChapter II TheRegulatoryAuthorityChapter III RegulatoryandSupervisoryResponsibilitiesChapter IV SupervisoryMeasuresChapter V LegalResponsibilityChapter VI SupplementaryProvisionsChapterIGeneralProvisionsArticle 1 Thislawisenactedwithaviewtoimprovingregulationofandsupervisionoverthebankingi

3、ndustry,standardizingsuchregulationandsupervision,preventingandmitigatingrisksinthebankingindustry,protectingthelawfulrightsandinterestsofdepositorsandothercustomers,andpromotingthesounddevelopmentofthebankingindustry.Article 2 ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallberesponsibleforth

4、eregulationofandsupervisionoverthefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustryandtheirbusinessoperationsthroughoutthecountry.Forpurposesofthislaw,the"financialinstitutionsofthebankingindustry"refertothefinancialinstitutionsestablishedinthePeople'sRepublicofChinathatreceivedepositsfromtheg

5、eneralpublic,including,amongothers,commercialbanks,urbancreditcooperativesandruralcreditcooperatives,andpolicybanks.TheprovisionsofthisLawpertainingtotheregulationofandsupervisionoverthefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustryareapplicabletotheregulationandsupervisionofthefinancialassetmanagementco

6、mpanies,trustandinvestmentcorporations,financecompaniesandfinancialleasingcompaniesestablishedintheterritoryofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaandotherfinancialinstitutionsestablishedwiththeapprovalofthebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncil.ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshal

7、l,inaccordancewiththerelevantprovisionsofthisLaw,regulateandsupervisethefinancialinstitutionsthat,uponitsapproval,areestablishedoutsidethePeople'sRepublicofChina,aswellasthebusinessoperationsconductedabroadbythefinancialinstitutionsmentionedintheprecedingtwoparagraphs.Article 3 Theobjectivesofre

8、gulationofandsupervisionoverthebankingindustryaretopromotethelawful,soundandsteadyoperationofthebankingindustryandpreservepublictrustintheindustry.Thebankingindustryshallberegulatedandsupervisedinsuchawayastoprotectfaircompetitionintheindustryandincreasethecompetitivenessoftheindustry.Article 4 When

9、exercisingregulationandsupervision,thebankingregulatoryauthorityshallfollowtheprinciplesoflaw-abidingopenness,impartialityandefficiency.Article 5 Performanceofthedutiesofsupervisioninaccordancewithlawbybankingregulatoryauthorityanditsstaffmembersengagedinsupervisionshallbeprotectedbylaw.Localgovernm

10、ents,governmentdepartmentsatvariouslevels,publicorganizationsandindividualsshallnotinterfere.Article 6 ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallestablishamechanismwiththePeople'sBankofChinaandotherfinancialregulatoryauthoritiesundertheStateCouncilforsharingsupervisoryinformation.Art

11、icle 7 ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilmayestablishacooperativemechanismofsupervisionwiththebankingregulatoryauthoritiesinothercountriesorregionsforcross-bordersupervision.Chapter IITheRegulatoryAuthorityArticle8Inlightoftheneedtoperformitsduties,thebankingregulatoryauthorityunderth

12、eStateCouncilmaysetuplocaloffices.Itshallexerciseunifiedleadershipandadministrationofsuchoffices.ThelocalofficesofthebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallperformtheirsupervisorydutieswithinthescopeauthorizedbythesaidauthority.Article9Thestaffmembersofthebankingregulatoryauthoritywhoare

13、engagedinsupervisionshallhavetheprofessionalknowledgeandworkexperiencecommensuratewiththepositionstheyareholding.Article10Staffmembersofthebankingregulatoryauthorityshallbedevotedtotheirduties,actinaccordancewithlawandbeimpartialandhonest;theyshallnottakeadvantageoftheirpositionstoseekillegitimatebe

14、nefits,orconcurrentlyholdpositionsinenterprisessuchasfinancialinstitutions.Article11Staffmembersofthebankingregulatoryauthorityshall,inaccordancewithlaw,guardStatesecrets,anditisincumbentuponthemtoguardthesecretsofthefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustryandofthepartiessubjecttotheirsupervision.F

15、orexchangingsupervisoryinformationwiththebankingregulatoryauthoritiesofothercountriesandregions,thebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallmakearrangementsforpreservingtheconfidentialityofinformation.Article12ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallmakepublicitssupervisorypr

16、ocedures,andestablishasupervisoryresponsibilitysystemandaninternalsupervisorysystem.Article13Localgovernmentsandtherelevantgovernmentdepartmentsatvariouslevelsshallcooperatewithandprovideassistancetothebankingregulatoryauthoritywhenthelatterdealswithrisksconfrontedbyfinancialinstitutionsofthebanking

17、industry,investigatesandhandlesviolationsoflawinfinance,andexercisessupervisioninothermanners.Article14Theauditing,supervisoryandotherdepartmentsundertheStateCouncilshall,inaccordancewiththeprovisionsofrelevantlaws,overseetheactivitiesofthebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncil.Chapter IIIRe

18、gulatoryandSupervisoryResponsibilitiesArticle15ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshall,inaccordancewithlawsandadministrativeregulations,formulateandpromulgatesupervisoryrulesandregulationsgoverningthefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustryandtheirbusinessactivities.Article16Thebanki

19、ngregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshall,inaccordancewiththerequirementsandproceduresprovidedforinlawsandadministrativeregulations,examine,beforegivingapproval,theestablishment,change,terminationandbusinessscopeoffinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustry.Article17Whereanapplicationissubmittedf

20、ortheestablishmentofafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustryandwheresuchaninstitutionintendstoreplaceashareholderthatholdsmorethanthespecifiedpercentageofthetotalamountofcapitalorshares,thebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallexaminethesourceofcapital,financialstrength,abilitytoreplen

21、ishcapitalandintegrityoftheshareholders.Article18Thetypesofservicesofferedbyafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustrywithinitsbusinessscopeshall,inaccordancewithrelevantregulations,besubjecttoexaminationandapprovalbythebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilorbesubmittedtotheauthorityforthere

22、cord.Withregardtothetypesofservicesthataresubjecttoexaminationandapprovalortobeingputonrecord,thebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshall,inaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations,formulateregulationsandmakethemknowntothepublic.Article19Withoutapprovalbythebankingregulatory

23、authorityundertheStateCouncil,noinstitutionorindividualmayestablishafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustryorengageinbusinessactivitiesofsuchaninstitution.Article20ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallexercisecontrolofthequalificationsforthepositionsofthedirectorsandseniormanagerso

24、fthefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustry.SpecificmeasuresinthisregardshallbeformulatedbythebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncil.Article21Therulesofprudentoperationofthefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustryshallbestipulatedinlawsoradministrativeregulations,andtheymayalsobeformulate

25、dbythebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.Therulesofprudentoperationmentionedintheprecedingparagraphshallcover,amongotherthings,riskmanagement,internalcontrol,capitaladequacy,assetquality,loanlossprovisioning,riskconcentration,connec

26、tedtransactions,andliquiditymanagementofassets.Thefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustryshallstrictlyobservetherulesofprudentoperation.Article22ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshall,withinaprescribedperiodoftime,makeadecisionofapprovalordisapprovalinwritinginresponsetothefollowin

27、gapplications;ifitmakesadecisionofdisapproval,itshallexplainthereasonswhy:(1) fortheestablishmentofafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustry,itissixmonthsfromthedateitreceivestheapplicationdocuments;(2) forthechangeorterminationofafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustry,forthebusinessscopeorforoffe

28、ringmoretypesofserviceswithinthebusinessscope,itisthreemonthsfromthedateitreceivestheapplicationdocuments;and(3) forexaminationofthequalificationsofadirectororseniormanager,itis30daysfromthedateitreceivestheapplicationdocuments.Article 23 Thebankingregulatoryauthorityshallconductoff-sitesupervisiono

29、fthebusinessoperationsandriskprofileofthefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustry,forwhichitshallestablishaninformationsystemtoanalyseandassesstheriskprofileofsuchinstitutions.Article 24 Thebankingregulatoryauthorityshallconducton-siteinspectionofthebusinessoperationsandriskprofileofthefinancialins

30、titutionsofthebankingindustry.ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallformulateproceduresforon-siteinspectiontostandardizesuchinspection.Article 25 ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallsupervisethefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustryonaconsolidatedbasis.Article 26

31、 WithrespecttotheproposalmadebythePeople'sBankofChinaforinspectionofafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustry,thebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallrespondwithin30daysfromthedateitreceivestheproposal.Article27ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallestablisharatings

32、ystemandanearly-warningmechanismforsupervisionoverthefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustry,inordertodetermine,onthebasisoftheratingandriskprofileofsuchinstitutions,thefrequencyandscopeofon-siteinspectionoftheinstitutions,aswellasothersupervisorymeasuresthatneedtobetaken.Article28Thebankingregula

33、toryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallestablishasystemofpostresponsibilityforidentifyingandreportingemergenciesinthebankingindustry.Whenitidentifiesanyemergencythatmayleadtosystemicrisksinthebankingindustryandthusseriouslyjeopardizesocialstability,thebankingregulatoryauthorityshallimmediatelyreportt

34、hemattertotheleadingmemberofthebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncil;theleadingmembershall,whendeemingitnecessary,immediatelyreporttotheStateCouncilwhileinformingthePeople'sBankofChina,thefinancedepartmentandotherrelevantdepartmentsundertheStateCouncilofthematter.Article29Thebankingregu

35、latoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshall,inconjunctionwiththePeople'sBankofChina,thefinancedepartmentandotherrelevantdepartmentsundertheStateCouncil,establishasystemforcopingwithemergenciesinthebankingindustry,includingformulatingcontingencyplans,designatinginstitutionsandstaffmembers,specifying

36、theirresponsibilitiesandthemeasuresandprocedures,inordertoensurethatemergenciesinthebankingindustryarehandledinatimelyandeffectivemanner.Article30ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallberesponsibleforcompiling,inaunifiedmanner,statisticsandreportsofthefinancialinstitutionsofthebankin

37、gindustrythroughoutthecountryand,inaccordancewiththerelevantregulationsoftheState,publishthestatisticsandreports.Article 31 ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallguideandoverseetheactivitiesoftheself-regulatedorganizationsofthebankingindustry.Theself-regulatedorganizationsofthebankin

38、gindustryshallsubmittheirarticlesofassociationtothebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilfortherecord.Article 32 ThebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilmayengageininternationalexchangeandcooperationrelatedtoregulationofandsupervisionoverthebankingindustry.ChapterIVSupervisoryMeasur

39、esArticle33Thebankingregulatoryauthorityshall,inlightoftheneedforperformingitsduties,havethepowertorequirethefinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustrytosubmit,inaccordancewithrelevantregulations,theirbalancesheets,profitstatements,otherfinancialaccountingstatements,statisticalreportsandinformationco

40、ncerningbusinessoperationsandmanagement,aswellastheauditreportspreparedbycertifiedpublicaccountants.Article34Thebankingregulatoryauthoritymaytakethefollowingmeasurestoconducton-siteinspection,asrequiredbyprudentsupervision:(1)toenterafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustryforon-siteinspection;(2) t

41、ointerviewstaffmembersofafinancialinstitutionandrequirethemtoprovideexplanationsonthemattersunderinspection;(3) tocheckandmakecopiesofthefinancialinstitution'sdocumentsandmaterialsrelatedtothemattersunderinspection,andtosealupthedocumentsandmaterialsthatarelikelytoberemoved,concealedordestroyed;

42、and(4) toexaminethecomputersystemwithwhichthefinancialinstitutioncontrolsitsbusinessdata.On-siteinspectionshallbesubjecttoapprovalbytheleadingmemberofthebankingregulatoryauthority.Foron-siteinspection,thereshallbenolessthantwoinspectors,whoshallproducetheirlegalcertificatesandthewrittennotificationo

43、finspection.Wheretherearelessthantwoinspectors,ornolegalcertificatesandwrittennotificationofinspectionareproduced,thefinancialinstitutionshallhavetherighttorefusetoacceptinspection.Article35Thebankingregulatoryauthoritymay,inlightoftheneedforperformingitsduties,holdsupervisoryconsultationswiththedir

44、ectorsandseniormanagersofafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustry,askingthemtoexplaintheimportantmattersconcerningbusinessoperationsandriskmanagement.Article36Thebankingregulatoryauthorityshallinstructfinancialinstitutionsofthebankingindustrytodisclose,truthfullyandinaccordancewithrelevantregulatio

45、ns,tothepublicinformation,including,amongotherthings,theirfinancialandaccountingreports,statementsofriskmanagement,changesinthedirectorsandseniormanagersandotherimportantmatters.Article37Whereafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustryviolatestherulesofprudentoperation,thebankingregulatoryauthorityund

46、ertheStateCounciloritsofficeattheprovinciallevelshallinstructittorectifywithinatimelimit;ifitfailstocomplyattheexpirationofthetimelimit,ortheviolationseriouslythreatensthesoundandsteadyoperationoftheinstitution,jeopardizesthelawfulrightsandinterestsofthedepositorsandothercustomers,thebankingregulato

47、ryauthorityundertheStateCounciloritsofficeattheprovinciallevelmay,withtheapprovaloftheleadingmember,takethefollowingmeasures,dependingontheseriousnessofthecircumstances:(1) instructingittosuspendpartofitsbusinessorceasingtogiveapprovaltoitsstartingofnewbusinesses;(2) restrictingthedistributionofdivi

48、dendsandotherreturns;(3) restrictingassettransfers;(4) instructingtheholdingshareholderstotransfertheirrightsorrestrictingtherightsoftheshareholdersconcerned;(5) instructingtheinstitutiontoreplacethedirectorsorseniormanagersorrestrictingtheirrights;and(6) ceasingtogiveapprovaltoitsestablishmentofnew

49、branches.Afterrectification,thefinancialinstitutionshallsubmitareporttothebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCounciloritsofficeattheprovinciallevel.Afterthesaidauthorityorofficeinspectstheinstitutionandacceptsitasconformingtotherulesofprudentoperation,itshall,withinthreedaysafterthedateofaccepta

50、nce,discontinuethemeasuresprescribedintheprecedingparagraph.Article38Whereafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustryisexperiencingorislikelytoexperienceacreditcrisis,therebyseriouslyjeopardizingthelawfulrightsandinterestsofdepositorsandothercustomers,thebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilm

51、ay,inaccordancewithlaw,takeovertheinstitutionorfacilitateitsrestructuring.Thetake-overandrestructuringshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandtheregulationsoftheStateCouncil.Article39Whereafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustryoperatesinviolationoflawsorisnotoperatedormanagedproperly,there

52、byseriouslythreateningfinancialorderandunderminingpublicinterestsunlessitisclosed,thebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallhavethepowertocloseit.Article40Whereafinancialinstitutionofbankingindustryistakenover,restructured,orclosed,thebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilshallha

53、vethepowertorequirethedirectors,seniormanagersandotherstaffmembersoftheinstitutiontoperformtheirdutiesaccordingtotherequirementsoftheauthority.Inthecourseofthetake-over,restructuringorliquidationaftertheclosureoftheinstitution,thebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilmay,withtheapprovalofthe

54、leadingmemberoftheauthority,takethefollowingmeasuresagainstthedirectorsandseniormanagerswhoaredirectlyinchargeandtheotherstaffmemberswhoaredirectlyresponsible:(1) wheretheirdeparturefromthePeople'sRepublicofChinawillcauseheavylossestotheinterestsoftheState,notifyingtheexitcontrolauthorityofthene

55、edtopreventthem,inaccordancewithlaw,fromleavingthecountry;and(2) submittinganapplicationtothejudicialauthorityforprohibitingtheirmovingtootherplacesortheirtransferringoftheirproperty,orforestablishingotherrightsontheirproperty.Article41Abankingregulatoryauthorityshall,withtheapprovaloftheleadingmemb

56、erofthebankingregulatoryauthorityundertheStateCouncilorofitsofficeattheprovinciallevel,havethepowertoinquireaboutthebankaccountsofthefinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustrysuspectedofviolatinglawsinfinancialaffairs,andthebankaccountsofitsstaffmembersandconnectedparties;andmay,withtheapprovalofthesa

57、idleadingmember,submitanapplicationtothejudicialauthorityforfreezingtheillegallyobtainedfundsthataresuspectedofbeingabouttobemovedtootherplacesor7concealed.ChapterVLegalResponsibilityArticle42Anystaffmemberofthebankingregulatoryauthorityengagedinsupervisioncommitsanyofthefollowingactsshallbegivenadm

58、inistrativesanctionsaccordingtolaw;andifacrimeisconstituted,heshallbeinvestigatedforcriminalresponsibilityinaccordancewithlaw:(1) inviolationofrelevantregulations,examiningandgivingapprovaltotheestablishment,changeorterminationofafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustry,oritsbusinessscopeortheservic

59、esitofferswithinitsbusinessscope;(2) inviolationofrelevantregulations,conductingon-siteinspectionofafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustry;(3) failingtoreportanemergencyinaccordancewiththeprovisionsinArticle28ofthisLaw;(4) inviolationofrelevantregulations,inquiringaboutbankaccountsorsubmittinganapplicationforfreezingfunds;(5) inviolationofrelevantregulations,takingmeasuresagainstorpenalizingafinancialinstitutionofthebankingindustry;and(6) otheractssuchas