主謂一致用法詳解

1、整理文本主謂一致用法詳解主謂一致是指英語句子中的主語和謂語在人稱和數(shù)的方面要保持一 致。這是高中英語中最基本的語法項目之一。 本文對此加以詳細歸納 和總結(jié)：一、兩個并列主語由and或both. and連接時，謂語動詞常用復數(shù)形式。如：He and I are students.(1) 若and連接的兩個主語指同一個人、同一件事或同一概念時，謂 語動詞則用單數(shù)。如：The teacher and writer is my friend. 由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語前若分別有no, each,every或many a等詞修飾時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：No boy and no girl likes

2、it.二、謂語動詞采用“就近一致原則”當句子主語為兩個或多個時， 謂語動詞的形式與最靠近它的主語保持 一致。(1) 由 either. or, neither. nor, not only. but also, not. but,等詞連接主語時，謂語動詞的形式采取就近一致原則。如：Not you but I am to answer the question.(2) a lot of, lots of, ple nty of, most of, doze ns of, scores of, hun dreds o等詞后接名詞作句子主語時，謂語動詞的形式與靠近它的名詞保持一致。如：Plenty

3、of money has been wasted.Most of people are from Australia.(3) There / here be. 句型中，謂語動詞的形式與靠近它的主語保持一 致。如：There is an apple and two oranges on the plate.(4) 分數(shù)或百分數(shù)后接名詞作句子主語時，謂語動詞的形式與靠近它 的主語保持一致。如：More than 30 percent of the surface is covered by the water.三、謂語動詞采用“就前一致原則” 當句子主語里含有如下短語接名詞時， 謂語動詞的形式與前

4、面的主語 保持一致。as well as, rather than, but, besides,except, like, including, with, together with, along with, as much as, in additi on to 女口：A teacher with some students is doing experiments in the lab.He, like his two brothers, is very clever.四、謂語動詞只采用單數(shù)形式(1) 表單數(shù)意義的不定代詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如 everything, ever

5、yone,everybody, nothing, nobody, something, someone, somebody, anything, anyone, anybody, either, neither, each, one, the other, ano ther 等。如：Everything is ready.(2) 動名詞、動詞不定式或從句作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如: Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.To walk with him is a pleasure.What

6、 he says makes me puzzled.many a接單數(shù)名詞作主語或 more than one接單數(shù)名詞作主語時， 謂語用單數(shù)形式。如：More than one student stays in the classroom.(4) 表示學科的名詞作句子的主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如： Physics is taught in my school.(5) 當表示“時間、數(shù)目、距離、價格、金錢”的名詞作主語時，謂 語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。(6) 表示名稱的專有名稱作句子的主語時， 謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 如： Beijing is the capital of our country.五

7、、謂語動詞用單數(shù)或復數(shù)要看主語所表達的意義。1. 集體名詞如 class, family, team, group, government, audience, crowd, company, crew, public 等作主語時：(1) 若強調(diào)整體時，謂語動詞形式用單數(shù)。如：The government is planning further cuts in income tax.(2) 若強調(diào)組成該集體的分散個體時，謂語動詞常用復數(shù)。如：The government were having a meeting when I got there.(3) 有些名詞本身表示復數(shù)概念，謂語動詞要用

8、復數(shù)形式。如：People are talking about the news.2. 表示成雙成對的名詞，女口 trousers, shoes, glasses, compaS等作主語時： (1) 如這類詞本身作主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。Your black trousers are too long.(2) 若這類名詞前有 a pair of / a kind of / a type of 等修飾時，謂語動 詞用單數(shù)。This pair of shoes is mine.3. “定冠詞 + 形容詞或分詞”作主語時：(1) 若表示一類人時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。The old are taken good care of in my country.(2) 若表示一件事或一類抽象概念時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。The beautiful gives pleasure to all.4. 定語從句中關系代詞在從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的數(shù)要與 先行詞的數(shù)保持一致。The building which stands near the river is our school.(1) 當先行詞為“ one of + 名詞復數(shù)”時，從句謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。 He