Unit1-Learning-about-language-教學設計

1、Un it1 Lear ning about la nguage 教學設計(Revise Noun Clauses <as the Subject, Object and Predicates)In troducti onIn this p eriod stude nts will be first helped by the teacher to discover and lear n to use some useful words and collocations, and then to discover and learn to use the follow ing usefu

2、l structures: noun clauses <as the subject, object and p redicates>. The followi ng ste ps of teach ing may be take n: Warmi ng up by talki ng about Hollywood;Learning about English word formation and discovering useful words and collocations; Revising Noun Clauses <as the Subject, Object a

3、nd Predicates> ;Closi ng dow n by watchi ng The Incredibles, a Hollywood movie.ObjectivesTo help stude nts Revise Noun Clauses <as the Subject, Object and P redicates>To help stude nts discover and lear n to use some useful words and collocati onsTo help stude nts discover and lear n to use

4、 some useful structuresP rocedures 1. Warming up by talk ing about HollywoodHollywood is a district of the city of Los Angeles, California, U.S.A., situated no rthwest of Dow ntow n. Due to its fame and ide ntity as the historical cen ter of movie studios and stars, the word "Hollywood" is

5、 often used colloquially to refer to theAmerican film industry. Today much of the movie industry has dispersed into surrounding areas such as Burbank and the Westside, but significant ancillary industries (such as editing, effects, props, post-production, and lighting companies) rema in in Hollywood

6、 2. Revis ing Noun Clauses <as the Subject, Object and P redicates>'s revise Noun Clause.We have lea ned about Revis ing Noun Clauses <as the Subject, Object and P redicates> before. Before we do the four grammar exercises on p age 5 let <as the Subject, Object and P redicates>

7、 first.En glish Grammar:名詞性從句、主語從句1. It作形式主語和it引導強調(diào)句的比較It作形式主語代替主語從句，主要是為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主語從句的連接詞沒有變化。而it引導的強調(diào)句則是對句子某一部分進行強調(diào)， 無論強調(diào)的是什么成分,都可用連詞that。被強調(diào)部分指人是也可用 who/whom。例如:It is a p ity that you did n't go to see the film.It doesn ' t interest me whether you succeed or not.It is in the morning that t

8、he murder took p lace.It is Joh n that broke the win dow.2. 用it作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu) (1) It is +名詞+從句It is a fact that 事實是It is an honor that 非常榮幸It is com mon kno wledge that 是常識it is +形容詞+從句It is n atural that 很自然It is stra nge that奇怪的是 (3) it is +不及物動詞+從句It seems that 似乎It happened that 碰巧 (4) it +過去分詞+從句It i

9、s rep orted that 據(jù)報道It has bee n pro ved that已證實3. 主語從句不可位于句首的五種情況 (1) if引導的主語從句不可居于復合句句首。It is said, (reported)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如:It is said that P reside nt Jingo will visit our school n ext week. (right)That P reside nt Hu will visit our school n ext week is said. (wrong) It happens ，It occur結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從

10、句不可提前。例如:It occurred to him that he failed in the exam in ati on. (right)That he failed in the exam in ati on occurred to him. (wrong) (4) It does n' t matter how/whether結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如:'t matter. (wrong)It doesn ' t matter whether he is wrong or not. (right)Whether he is wrong or not do

11、es n(5)含主語從句的復合句是疑問句時，主語從句不可提前。例如:Is it likely that it will rain in the eve ning? (right)Is that will rain in the eve ning likely? (wrong)4. What與that在引導主語從句時的區(qū)別What引導主語從句時在從句中充當句子成分，如主語、賓語、表語，而that則不然。例如:1) What you said yesterday is right.2) That she is still alive is a con solati on.、賓語從句1. 作動詞的賓

12、語(1)由that引導的賓語從句(that通?？梢允÷?，例如:I heard that be joined the army. 由what, whether (if)引導的賓語從句，例如: 1) She did not know what had happened.2) I won der whether you can cha nge this note for me. 動詞+間接賓語+賓語從句。例如:She told me that she would acce pt my in vitati on.2. 作介詞的賓語例如： Our success depends upon how we

13、ll we can coop erate with one ano ther.3. 作形容詞的賓語例如：I am afraid (that) I've made a mistake.That引導的從句常跟在下列形容詞后作賓語:An xious, aware, certa in, con fide nt, convin ced, determ in ed, glad, pro ud, surp rised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied,con te n

14、t等。也可以將此類詞后的that從句的看作原因狀語從句。4. It可以作為形式賓語It不僅可以作為形式主語，還可以作為形式賓語而真正的賓語that從句則放在句尾，特別是在帶復合賓語的句子中。例如:We heard it that she would get married n ext mon th.5.后邊不能直接跟that從句的動詞這類動詞有 Allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislikelove, hel p, take, forgive等。這類詞后可以用不定式或動名詞作賓語，但不可以用

15、that引導的賓語從句。例如:I admire their winning the match. (right)I admire that they won .the match. (wrong)6.不可用that從句作直接賓語的動詞有些動詞不可用于 動詞+間接賓語+ that從句 結(jié)構(gòu)中，常見的有 Envy, order,accuse, refuse, i mp ress, forgive, blame, denoun ce, advise, con gratuiaB。例如:He imp ressed the man ager as an hon est man. (right)He imp

16、 ressed the man ager that he was an hon est manwrong)7.否定的轉(zhuǎn)移若主句謂語動詞為 Think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義， 一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上,從句謂語用肯定式。例如:I don ' t think this dress fits you we（我認為這件衣服不適合你穿。）二、表語從句表語從句在復合句中作表語的名詞性從句，放在系動詞之后，一般結(jié)構(gòu)是主語+連系動詞+表語從句”。可以接表語從句的連系動詞

17、有 be, look, remain,seem等。引導表語從句的that?？墒÷?。另外，常用的還有the reason is that 和-It isbecause等結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.2) This is why we can ' t get the support of the people3) But the fact remai ns that we are beh ind the other classes.4) The reas

18、on he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.四、同位語從句同位語從句就是在復合句中作名詞的同位語的名詞性從句。1. 同位語從句的功能同位語從句對于名詞進一步解釋，說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容，一般由that引導，例如:1) The king ' s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is give n by the gen eral.2. 同位語在句子中的位置同位語從句有時可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后面，而是被別的詞隔開。例如:He got the n ews from Mary that the sp orts meet ing was put off.3. 同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別（1）定語從句中的that既代替先行詞，同時以在從句中作某個成分（主語或賓語），而同位語從句中的that是連詞，只起連接主句與從句的作用，不充當句中任何成分。（2）定語從句是形容詞性的，其功能是修飾先行詞，對先行詞加以限定，描述定 的性質(zhì)或特征；同位語從句是名詞性的，其