楚辭英譯：屈原《九歌_山鬼》漢譯英

1、楚詞英譯： 屈原九歌 ·山鬼【引】 九歌·山鬼是戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期楚國(guó)偉大詩(shī)人屈原的作品，是一首祭祀山鬼的祭歌， 也被認(rèn)為是楚辭中最優(yōu)美的愛(ài)情詩(shī)。 這首詩(shī)中的“山鬼”究竟是女神還是男神存在爭(zhēng)議。宋元以前的楚辭家多據(jù)國(guó)語(yǔ)左傳所說(shuō)，定山鬼為“木石之怪” 、“魑魅魍魎”，而視之為男性山怪。但元明時(shí)期的畫(huà)家，卻依詩(shī)中的描摹，頗有繪作“窈窕”動(dòng)人的女神的。清人顧成天九歌解首倡山鬼為“巫山神女”之說(shuō)，又經(jīng)游國(guó)恩、郭沫若的闡發(fā)， “山鬼”當(dāng)為“女鬼”或“女神”的意見(jiàn)，遂被廣泛接受。（據(jù)百度詞條“九歌·山鬼” ）本譯詩(shī)采用明白曉暢的現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)翻譯， 格律為抑揚(yáng)格五音步， 無(wú)韻。譯者在追求信、

2、雅、達(dá)的基礎(chǔ)上，較為注重文意的忠實(shí)、自然、順暢和詩(shī)意的最大限度的保留。 之所以有格律而不用韻， 也是考慮到如果刻意押韻的話，必然會(huì)因韻害義，一來(lái)可能會(huì)歪曲原義，二來(lái)會(huì)使文意不自然，不通暢，甚至顯得拗口。英文和中文畢竟有很大差別，1 / 4楚詞英譯： 屈原九歌 ·山鬼為了套上一個(gè)韻腳，難免要作文意的變換，甚至不得不生搬硬套，牽鑿附會(huì)。這樣就會(huì)舍棄最貼切、最合意的詞語(yǔ)和句子，得不償失。對(duì)于詩(shī)歌來(lái)說(shuō)，語(yǔ)言通順、文意流暢是最基本的要求，如果連語(yǔ)義都不通暢，即使押韻了，詩(shī)意也蕩然無(wú)存。詩(shī)歌是最美的語(yǔ)言，語(yǔ)言拗口的詩(shī)句，即使寫(xiě)得巧妙，也是無(wú)詩(shī)意的。我的翻譯講究明白、通暢。在追求詩(shī)意美的同時(shí)，力求

3、淺白易懂。因?yàn)樵?shī)歌語(yǔ)言精微獨(dú)特，在用另一種語(yǔ)言翻譯后容易變得艱澀不暢，特別是因講究押韻而刻意雕詞琢句的話， 就容易使語(yǔ)句、文意不流暢。我認(rèn)為詩(shī)歌翻譯應(yīng)該做到“三暢” ：語(yǔ)暢、意暢、情暢。語(yǔ)暢是指語(yǔ)句通暢不拗口，意暢是指意思通暢不艱澀， 情暢是指情思通暢不別扭。本詩(shī)譯者為本文檔上傳者，請(qǐng)尊重勞動(dòng)成果，勿剽竊，引用時(shí)請(qǐng)注明譯者：羅沐。The Mountain Ghost山鬼Qu Yuan羅沐譯屈原Someone might be there in the mountain nook, 若有人兮山之阿，Dressed in fig vines and belted with usneas.被薜荔兮帶

4、女蘿。With expressive eyes and sweet smiles,既含睇兮又宜笑，I had that grace and beauty you adored.子慕予兮善窈窕。By red leopards drawn and striped civets trailed, 乘赤豹兮從文貍，2 / 4楚詞英譯： 屈原九歌 ·山鬼I drove my magnolia coach with cassia flags.辛夷車(chē)兮結(jié)桂旗。And clad in an orchid dress with asarum girded，被石蘭兮帶杜衡，I went to pick

5、flowers for you whom I missed.折芳馨兮遺所思。Deep In the bamboo forest blind to the sky,余處幽篁兮終不見(jiàn)天，The rugged path delayed my lonely trek.路險(xiǎn)難兮獨(dú)后來(lái)。I stood alone on the top of the moutain,表獨(dú)立兮山之上，Watching the clouds flowing below my feet.云容容兮而在下。So dim and dark it was as if night had fallen,杳冥冥兮羌晝晦，And the wi

6、nd drove the rain the goddess made.東風(fēng)飄兮神靈雨。I waited for you gladly and forgot to leave,留靈修兮憺忘歸，But time was taking away my floral beauty.歲既晏兮孰華予。To pick magic reishi I went to the valley采三秀兮于山間，Where rocks piled high amid creeping vines.石磊磊兮葛蔓蔓。I felt so sad for you and forgot to leave,怨公子兮悵忘歸，If yo

7、u had me in heart but had no time!君思我兮不得閑。The one in the mountain was fragrant as asarum, 山中人兮芳杜若，Drinking the spring under pines and cypresses.飲石泉兮蔭松柏。If you had me in heart, I just wondered!君思我兮然疑作。Thunder was booming and rain was pouring,雷填填兮雨冥冥，Apes were roaring and monkeys were crying,猨啾啾兮狖夜鳴，W

8、ind was soughing and trees were rustling,風(fēng)颯颯兮木蕭蕭，While I was here, missingyou and suffering.思公子兮徒離憂(yōu)。3 / 4楚詞英譯： 屈原九歌 ·山鬼【白話譯文】 ( 據(jù)百度詞條 )好像有人在那山隈經(jīng)過(guò)，是我身披薜荔腰束女蘿。含情注視巧笑多么優(yōu)美，你會(huì)羨慕我的姿態(tài)婀娜。駕乘赤豹后面跟著花貍，辛夷木車(chē)桂花扎起彩旗。是我身披石蘭腰束杜衡，折枝鮮花贈(zèng)你聊表相思。我在幽深竹林不見(jiàn)天日，道路艱險(xiǎn)難行獨(dú)自來(lái)遲。孤身一人佇立高高山巔，云霧溶溶腳下浮動(dòng)舒卷。白晝昏昏暗暗如同黑夜，東風(fēng)飄旋神靈降下雨點(diǎn)。等待神女怡然忘卻歸去，年漸老誰(shuí)讓我永如花艷