雅思小作文地圖題講解(共13頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上一個地圖題的開頭：The map about the development of the village sufficiently illustrates the way of progress of this area. In this map, we can find four main sectors and two main roads intersected with one railway and one motor way. It seems the overall development of this village has strong conn

2、ection with the construction of roads.雅思小作文地圖題詞匯Part 1：表時間流程圖和地圖題中都可能涉及時間表達。流程題中，使用較多的是過程時長的表述，而地圖題的時間使用則體現(xiàn)為地理變遷的時間變化。一般在方位選址圖題中較少出現(xiàn)。確切的時間指引，既增加文章的自然和連貫度，也能體現(xiàn)行文的精確性。常見表示時間的詞：專心-專注-專業(yè)in few hours幾小時during the period of 在期間after 10 days 10天后fromto 從到between and 在之間over theyear period在一個年期間5 years befo

3、re 5年前a decade earlier幾十年前from that moment on從那時起after a while一會since自從since then自從finally最后over the subsequent years近連續(xù)幾年例句：The process lasts for up to 7 days and the products are finally distributed to customers.Part 2：表空間空間表達地圖題出現(xiàn)概率較高，但流程圖也偶爾出現(xiàn)?？臻g應(yīng)該是地圖題解題關(guān)鍵和主要特點。許多考生容易誤把地圖題的空間位置寫成上下左右位置，這是失分點非常大的

4、地方。朗閣海外考試研究中心的專家們提示烤鴨，空間表達時需要注意區(qū)分：在空間狀語里，in表內(nèi)部，on表接壤，to表分開。常用的空間詞：lies 靠近is located 坐落is situated in 位于across 交叉parallel 平行intersect 交點on the side of the 面on both sides of 兩邊just off 靠近on the opposite side 在另一邊on the border 在邊緣上center/middle/central area 中間near/next to/close to/adjacent to 靠近例句：It l

5、ies 450 kilometers from the nearest city, which is on the north side of the KK mountain.Part 3：表順序表順序的使用在流程圖中是典型，表順序的關(guān)聯(lián)詞能夠使描述的流程更加清晰，結(jié)構(gòu)條理明顯。就如我們常用的產(chǎn)品安裝說明一樣，標明了1、2、3、4步，簡潔明了。常見的表順序的連詞如下：開始：first of all, initially, to begin with, in the first place, first, the first stage involves , during, in the fir

6、st place, Firstly 其次：second, then, next, also, in the second stage, following this/that, afterwards the first (reason) is, Secondly然后：after that, at the same time, in the meantime, meanwhile, prior to, until, in the third stage, in addition, at the same time, from that moment on, once when最終：fi

7、nally, lastly, in the final stage, in the end, Thirdly例句：First the fruit is picked from trees by hand. It is then transported to the cannery by large trucks.A. 地圖變化詞變大：enlargedextendedincreasedsoarby halfrisendoubled, tripled變?。篸roppedreduceddecreasedgrownfallenhalved消失：disappearedremovedno more her

8、e建成：Becomes transformedreconstructedredevelopedcompleted and openedadded to the libraryconverted intochanged intoturned over toreplaced /substitutedgives way tonewly-built builtestablishset upconstructedThe following diagraph shows the structure of  The picture illustrates  It mainly consi

9、sts of.  It works as follows  It always involves following steps.  The whole procedure can be divided in.stages. 地圖題第一段句型This report compares how _ developed and changed since _/ between _ and _.The two maps illustrate the difference of _ between _ and _.表示A位于A is located A is si

10、tuated A is just off the road to A在通向某地的路邊上A is right at the center of A在的正中央表示A靠近或緊挨著BA is next to BA is close to BA is adjacent to B表示A位于B的某一面公里處A is located/situated kilometers to the east/west/south/north of B.表示A在B的某個角上A is located on the east/west/north/south corner of B表示道路/河流通向某處The road run

11、s from to The river flows from to 表示A與B一路之隔A is right across from B表示A在B的對面A is opposite B表示建筑物的布局: layout表示建筑物周邊的環(huán)境：the surroundings表示A占據(jù)了某個空間: A occupies表示在某處新建造了AA is newly built inA is newly constructed inA is newly established in表示A被改造成了BA is turned into BA is transformed into BA is replaced by

12、 B表示A被移除A is removedA has goneA is taken down from 表示A的面積縮小/擴大了The size of A is reduced/expanded.A was expanded to twice its size.The size of A almost doubled. A經(jīng)歷了（某種變化）: A experienced/witnessed/saw起初：At first/Initially/In the beginning/Originally,接下來：Then/Next/After that/In the following stage/In

13、the next period/In the subsequent period/Afterwards,在這個階段：At this point/In this phase/In this stage,最終：Finally/Eventually/In the end,地圖題的5個常用句式（前三個句子為主，后面的句子為連接和點綴） 句式1：located/situated/sited/built/constructed+地點 1. ，一塊濕地（wetland）在湖的西南面。 A wetland is located to the southeast of the lack. 句式2：地點+with

14、+地點+方位 2. 這個地區(qū)有一個很大的樹林，在南面有一個農(nóng)場。 This region has large woodland with a farm to the south. 句式3：there be 句型 3. 東南角有兩個學(xué)校。 There are two schools on the south-eastern corner of the area.句式4：使用while, but 和and連接的句子 4. 城市的北面有一個山， 而南面有一個湖 A mountain is located to the north of the city, while there is a river

15、 to the south. 句式5： 倒裝句 5. 河的南面有個博物館。 To the south of the river was a library. 句式6：使用名詞性從句（譬如說it should be noted that, it is worth noting that, it is noticeable that, we can see that, it is clear that, one significant change is that） 6. 值得注意的是這個圖書館在東側(cè)有一長列的會議室。 It is noticeable that the library has a

16、 row of meeting rooms on the eastern side.分析近幾年IELTS Writing出現(xiàn)過的地圖題，我們可以把地圖題分為兩大類：一類，靜態(tài)選址題；一類，動態(tài)變遷題。靜態(tài)選址題，這種題型要求考生對建筑物不同地址的利弊進行比較，多數(shù)靜態(tài)選址題是在兩個地址之間的比較，多于兩個地址之間的比較會出現(xiàn)的較少。例 2：二。靜態(tài)選址題的解題技巧1.時態(tài)解決小作文，我們首要的一個步驟就是明確全文要用的時態(tài)。一般而言，靜態(tài)選址類的題目當中如果沒有明確表示過去時間點的標識詞，使用一般現(xiàn)在時或是用would/could/might等表示假設(shè)的虛擬語氣形式。2.主體段建議各位考生按照

17、不同的地址來劃分主體段，需要比較幾處地址就分成幾個主體段，然后具體去寫每個地址的利與弊。3.開頭和結(jié)尾靜態(tài)選址的開頭和數(shù)據(jù)類圖型一樣改寫題目就可以，結(jié)尾只需要說明不同地址各自都有優(yōu)缺點，可以不去選擇一個較好的地址。4.重點詞匯和句型在地圖題當中，考生必須熟練掌握詞匯和句型：(1)方位詞東east 東北 north-east西west 東南 south-east北north 西北 north-west南south 西南 north-west(2)坐落/位于A is locatedA is situatedA lies (3)介詞的使用A在B內(nèi)的東部A is located in the east

18、 side of B(4)A在距離B東部.。的公里A is located kilometers to the east of B(5)A在B的東部角落A is located at the east corner of B(6)A在B的東部邊緣A is located on the east edge of B(7)緊鄰/對面/朝向A is next to/is close to/is adjacent to/A is in the proximity to BA is opposite BA faces east/A faces towards the east(8)沿著河流/道路alon

19、g with river/roadalongside the river/road(9)道路通向/河流流向The road/river runs fromto5.例文講解(例1，C5-3)通過基礎(chǔ)詞匯和句型的講解，我們以地址s1為例，描述出s1的準確位置，同時客觀分析s1作為建立超市地址的優(yōu)缺點。The first potential1 location (S1)is outside the town itself and is sited just off2 the main road to the town of Hindon, lying 12 kms to the north-west

20、.3 This site is in the countryside and so would be able to 4 accommodate a lot of car parking. This would make it accessible to5 shoppers from both Hindon and Garlson who could travel by car. As it is also close to6 the railway line linking the two towns to Cransdon(25 km to the south-east)， a poten

21、tially large number of shoppers would also be able to7 travel by train。三. 動態(tài)變遷題的解題技巧1.時態(tài)動態(tài)變遷題的開頭段改寫原題用一般現(xiàn)在時，主體段根據(jù)圖形來決定。如果題目當中有明確表示過去和現(xiàn)在時間標志的詞，我們按照圖形使用不同的時態(tài)。如圖所示，例3: The maps show the changes of a small village from 1995 to present。 很顯然，在描述第一幅圖，有明確的過去時標識詞，1995，我們使用一般過去時；在描述第二幅圖，存在明確的現(xiàn)在時標識詞，present，使用

22、一般現(xiàn)在時。2.主體段落開頭段即改寫原題，結(jié)尾段概括某個地理區(qū)域是如何發(fā)展變化的。動態(tài)選址題通常按照時間順序劃分主體段。題目出現(xiàn)幾個年代就分成幾個主體段來寫，每段寫其中一個歷史階段，具體描述兩個年代的變化和不同之處。如果有多個年代變化階段，可以考慮把合并變化階段來寫主體段。3.重點詞匯和句型動態(tài)變遷題，除了需要掌握上述靜態(tài)選址題當中表述方位，位置，朝向等重點詞匯之外，還需要掌握以下詞匯，(1)某處興建了AA is built inA is contracted inA is established in(2)某處增建了AA is added toAn addition is made to ,

23、 which is A(3)A被B替代/A改造成BA is turned into/is transformed into BA is converted into B(4)A被搬走A is removed/demolished from(5)A的面積縮小了/A的面積擴大了The size of A is reduced to (only half of/one third of the original size)A is expanded (to twice its size)=The size of A almost doubled。(6)A向方向延長A extends (eastwar

24、d/westward/southward)4.例文講解(例 3)開頭同數(shù)據(jù)型圖標文章一樣，對題目做簡單的改寫：The maps reveal the alterations of the village of Soton over the period from 1995 to present。主體段首先，我們需要對第一幅圖片進行細節(jié)的描述。從總體上說，村莊被分成了兩部分。按照從南到北的角度，去描述村莊里面具體存在的建筑物。In the first picture8 , the village was divided into9 three parts by two major roads.

25、In the southern part, there was10 a fishing port on the sea, and a fish market, which was near the port, was just located at the south side 11 of the major road. Opposite to12 the market, there was a block of shops sitting on the other side of the road. East of the shops, a hotel and a cafe were bui

26、lt at the joint 13 of the two major roads. The northwest part14 was basically a residential area, and some of the houses were surrounded by15 a rectangular road. In addition, a farmland of great acreage occupied the northeast corner16 , while a forest park of similar size was established17 on the so

27、uth of the farmland。第三段，我們要做的是把“對比”做到極致：兩幅圖的不同，村莊所發(fā)生的變化。每句話做到言之有物，言之有理?？忌枰逦挠袟l理的指出：消失的建筑物，被替代的建筑物，新建的建筑物等。In the second picture, the village has changed a lot.18The fishing port has gone and the fish market is replaced by19 a block of apartments. Several restaurants also take up the place of 20 the shops on the road s