What引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句

1、What引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句Prepared on 24 November 2020Wh玳引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在中學(xué)教材中出現(xiàn)頻率極高，也是高考的重要考點(diǎn)之 所以由其引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的用法應(yīng)引起我們足夠的重視。本文將從以下幾個(gè)方面來談?wù)勅绾握莆蘸眠@一重要語法：-要掌握好what在句子中的語義。1. 表示"的人"，相當(dāng)于the person that- o如:He is not what he was a few years ago.他不是幾年前的他了。Who is it that has made Fred what he is now是誰把弗雷德培養(yǎng)成現(xiàn)在這

2、樣一個(gè)人的2. 表示" 的地方"，相當(dāng)于the place that- o如:This is what they call Salt Lake City.這就是他們稱作鹽湖城的地方。What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world.現(xiàn)在的撒哈拉沙漠的北部曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)文明世界。3. 表示" 的數(shù)目"，相當(dāng)于 the amount/number that - o 如:Our income is now double what is was ten years ago.我們現(xiàn)在的收入是十

3、年前的兩倍。The number of the students in our school has reached as many as 20,000, ten times what it was before liberation現(xiàn)在我校學(xué)生多達(dá)2萬人，是解放前的十倍。4. 表示u .的時(shí)間"，相當(dāng)于 a period of time thatAfter what seemed to be a long time he come to life.5. what的這種特殊含義可以根據(jù)句子的意思在翻譯時(shí)靈活處理，不可千篇一 律。例如:The color of the flower i

4、s different from what it was in the morning. 那朵花的顏色與早晨的不同。（whatnhe color that）-要掌握好what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的類型。1賓語從句（用作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓詞）。例如：When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule :Always give the monkey exactly what he wants.求職面試時(shí)，請(qǐng)記住這條黃金定 律：永遠(yuǎn)給予對(duì)方確實(shí)想要的東西。2. 主語從句。例如：What he said at

5、 the meeting astonished everybody present.他在會(huì)上說的話令每個(gè)與 會(huì)者震驚。3. 表語從句。例如：Perse-erance is a kind of quality and tliaf s what it takes to do anytliing well.堅(jiān)定不移是一種品質(zhì)能使人做好任何事情。Air is to us what water is to fish.空氣對(duì)于我們就像水對(duì)于魚一樣（重要）。4. 同位語從句（用在idea, message等名詞后）。例如。I have no idea what we should do next.我不知道下

6、一步我們?cè)摳墒裁?。三要掌握好what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句的語序問題。What引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句不同于what引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，不可用疑問句語序而 應(yīng)用陳述語序。例如：These photographs will show you what our village looks like這些照片會(huì)讓你了解我們的村莊是什么樣的。四要掌握與what有關(guān)的題目的解題技巧。1 通過語境和引導(dǎo)詞的含義，區(qū)分并確定引導(dǎo)詞。例 :I read about it in some book or other, does it matterit wasA. where B. what C. how D. which點(diǎn)撥：根

7、據(jù)語境，句子含義應(yīng)為“我在某本書中讀到過，具體是哪本書重要 嗎”。前一分句已說明是在“書”中讀到的，而不是在報(bào)紙或雜志上讀到的，故排 除B項(xiàng)，從而確定正確答案為D項(xiàng)。2 通過句法分析，根據(jù)各引導(dǎo)詞的句法功能確定引導(dǎo)詞。彳列:The other day, my brother drove his car down the street atI thought was adangerous speed.A. as B. which C. what D. that點(diǎn)撥：從句法結(jié)構(gòu)上看，句中介詞at需要賓語，系動(dòng)詞was需要主語，而能同 時(shí)在主、從句中作兩種句子成分的關(guān)系代詞有what, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等。從這一點(diǎn)出發(fā)，可知本題正確答案為C項(xiàng)。句中what 相當(dāng)于the speed which,句子可直譯為“幾天前，我哥哥或（弟弟）在街上以我 認(rèn)為是非常危險(xiǎn)的速度開車”。通過以上例句及解釋我們可以得出：what常用來 引導(dǎo)名詞性從