中考英語形容詞

1、一.形容詞（一）認識形容詞（后綴）1 .-ful,careful, helpful,useful2 .-less,careless,homeless,helpless,useless3 .-able,-ible,comfortable, probable,enjoyable,possible,impossible4 .-al,international, national, traditional5 .-ive,expensive, active6 .-ous,famous, dangerous7 .-ly,friendly,lovely, weekly,monthly（二）以-ly結尾的形容

2、詞1 .與人有關，像.樣的， 如 friendly, motherly, manly , childly,womanly2 .與日期有關，每 的， 如monthy,yearly,weekly,3 .與抽象名詞結合，充滿 的 如lonely,lively活潑的,lovely可愛的（三）形容詞的用法一）概念：形容詞修飾名詞，說明事物或人的性質或特征，通?？蓪⑿稳菰~分成性質形容 詞和敘述形容詞兩類，其位置不一定都放在名詞前面。1 .直接說明事物的性質或特征的形容詞是性質形容詞。【難點】2 .敘述形容詞只能作表語，不能做定語修飾名詞，所以又稱為表語形容詞，這類形容詞大多數(shù) 以a開頭的形容詞都屬于這一類

3、。例如： afraid, asleep, awake, alone等。二）形容詞的種類1. 品質形容詞：英語中大量形容詞屬于這一類，他們表示人或物的品質，如：The play was boring.那出戲很枯燥乏味。You have anhonestface.你有一張誠實的臉。2. 顏色形容詞有少數(shù)表示顏色的形容詞，如：She had on a blue coat.她穿了一件藍色的外套。3. -ing形容詞：有大量現(xiàn)在分詞正在或已經變?yōu)樾稳菰~，如： interesting4. wd形容詞：它們是由它們的過去分詞變過來的，一般有被動意義，多數(shù)為品質形容詞，如:interested She loo

4、ked tired.不排除：The man is interesting這個人彳艮有趣。 The man is interested in story.He is frightened.他很害怕。He is frightening.他很嚇人。An excited 100k心情激動的表情an exciting look令人激動的表情5. 合成形容詞： warm-hearted 熱心的，heart-breaking 令人心碎的 hard-working練習：1. Dracula and Frankenstein are C film characters.A. frighten B. fright

5、ened C. frightening D. frightenly2.He is in books. BA.interesting,interested B.interested,interesting三）形容詞的用法和在句中的位置1、形容詞在句中主要可用作：1）定語：What a fine day!2）表語：She looks happy.3）賓語的補語（構成合成賓語）：Do you think it necessary?你 認為這有必要嗎？4）狀語：He arrived home, hungry and tired.他又餓又累的回到家里。2、形容詞在句中的位置：有的形容詞放在被修飾的名詞之

6、前，稱為前置形容詞；少數(shù)形容詞放在被修飾的名詞之后，稱為后置形容詞。1）當名詞被多個前置形容詞修飾時，形容詞之間有一個先后順序問題。一般規(guī)則為：（限定詞a/an/the 一般描繪性形容詞-表示大小、長短、高低的形容詞-表示年齡、新舊的形容詞-顏色的形容詞-表示國籍、地區(qū)、出處的形容詞-表示物質、材料的形容詞-（名詞）。a beautiful small round old yellow French wooden reading room.以這個例子編一句順口溜：美小圓舊黃，法木閱覽室。如：There is a famous fine old stone bridge near the vil

7、lage.村子附近有一座著名的漂亮的古代石橋。練習： Mr Smith bought a purse for his wife. BA. small black new leather B. small new black leatherC. leather small black new D. black small new leather【重點】2）當形容詞詞組相當于一個定語從何時，或形容詞用來修飾somebody, something, anything, nothing等的時候，便會出現(xiàn)后置形容詞。如：The boy interested in musicis my brother對音

8、樂趕興趣的那個男孩是我弟弟。 Do you have anything interestingto tell us?你有什么趣聞告訴我們嗎？二.副詞（一）認識副詞（后綴）1 .-ly,carefully , helpfully,happily（二）以-ly結尾的副詞類似hard（adv&adj）,hardly（adv）兩者意義不同的詞組還有意思區(qū)別很大的：late遲到,lately最近。pretty=very非常；prettily漂亮地；You have come too late. 你來得太晚了。Have you see him lately? 你最近見至U過他嗎？Latest newsTh

9、e exam was pretty difficult.這次考試相當難。The little girl is always prettily dressed. 這個小女孩穿著總是穿得漂漂亮亮的。意思區(qū)別相近的，分別表示具體跟抽象的意思：close （具體距離上的）接近地、緊挨地,closely （抽 象）親密地；high（具體高度）高地，highly （抽象）高度地，贊賞地；deep （空間的，具體）深度， deeply （抽象，感情上的）深深地；wide具體距離很寬，widely廣泛地They sat close togetherWho is closely to you, your mom

10、 or your dad? MatherThe kites fly high in the sky.His teachers think very highly of him.（ 老師們很欣賞他。）老師對他評價很高.He pushed the stick deep into the mud.把木棍深深地插進泥漿里。Karen and Dave are deeply in love with each other.凱倫與戴夫倆人深深地相愛著。The door was wide open. 門被開得大大的。We were widely different on many questions.我們在

11、許多問題上分歧彳艮大。Eg: 1.Dr Kelly walked to the window to watch the short man shopping on the street.A.close o closelyB. closely。closeC.close 。 closeD.closely。 closely2 .He sits to his father, but he is to mother ,he loves his mother more.A.close o closelyB. closely。closeC.close o closeD.closely。closely3 .T

12、he space ship flew in the space, and all the people around the world speak ofour country.A.highly。highlyB. high。highC.high o highlyD.highly。high（三）副詞的用法一）概念：用以修飾動詞、形容詞或其他副詞 的詞叫做副詞。例如： not （不），here （這里）， now （現(xiàn)在）。不少副詞同時也可用作介詞或其它詞類。如：Have you read this book before?副詞，作時間狀語）你以前讀過這本書嗎？He will arrive bef

13、ore ten o（介lock. before ten o cock 詞短語，作時間狀語）他將在10點鐘前到達。二）副詞的種類1、時間副詞有三類： always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardl等般位于系動詞、情態(tài)動詞和助動詞之后，實之前義動詞1）表示發(fā)生時間的副詞：It s beginning to raiow! 現(xiàn)在開始下雨了！2）表示頻繁程度的副詞，也稱頻度副詞 always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly 等一般位于系動詞、情態(tài)動詞和助動詞之后，實之前義動詞：Sh

14、eoften changes her mind.她常改變主意。3）還有一些其他表示時間的副詞：He has just had an operation.他剛動過手術。2、地點副詞：1）有不少表示地點的副詞：She is studying abroad.她在國外留學。2）還有一些部分與介詞同形的副詞。它們與介詞同形，跟賓語的是介詞，否則是副詞：用作介詞：Stand up!起立！用作副詞：A cat climbed up the tree.貓爬上了樹。3）以where構成的副詞也是地點副詞：It s the saemsrywhere 到處都一樣?！局攸c】3、方式副詞1）英語中有大量方式副詞，說明行

15、為方式（回答 how的問題）：How beautifully your wife dances.你夫人舞跳的真美。2）還有相當多的副詞，表示某些情緒：She smiled gratefully.她感激的笑了 笑。3）還有一些以-ly結尾的副詞，表示動作發(fā)生的狀況：He left the town secretly.他悄然離開了這座城市。【重點】4、程度副詞和強調副詞1）程度副詞可修飾動詞，表示到某種程度：Is shebadly hurt?她傷得重嗎？說明這類副詞除修飾動詞外，還可修飾形容詞（a）或另一副詞（b）:a.fairly simple 相當簡單 quite correct 完全正確b.

16、 wonderfully well 好極了 do it very quickly 干得很快 【重點】2） much是一個特殊的程度副詞，它可以：a.修飾形容詞等：I m nm uch good at singing.我唱歌不太好。b.修飾比較級：You sing much better than me.你比我唱的好多了。Their house is much nicer than ours.他們的房子比我們的好多了。【重點】5 .疑問副詞和連接副詞1）疑問副詞：疑問副詞用來引導特殊問句：how: How is your grandmother?你奶奶身體好嗎？where: Where does

17、 she come from?她是哪兒人？when: When can you come?你什么時候能來？why: Why was he so late?他為什么來得這么晚？2）連接副詞：連接副詞意思和詞形都和疑問副詞一樣，但都引導從何或與不定式連用：how: Do you know how to start this machine?你知道這臺機器怎樣啟動嗎？where: I don t knowhere he lives.我不知道他住在哪兒。（引導賓語從句）when: Tell me when you ll be ready訴我你什么時候準備好。（引導賓語從句）why: That vshy

18、 I came round.這就是我來的原因。（引導表語從句）6 . 一些其它類型的副詞，如表示方向的副詞：Let s goside.咱們到里面去。Take two stepsforward.向前走兩步。三）副詞的位置1 .副詞修飾動詞時，通?？梢苑旁谘?、旬中或旬末。如：Usually I do my homework in the evening.（旬首）通常我晚上做家庭作業(yè)。I often get up at six.何中）我常在6點起床。Please spealslowly.（旬末）請慢慢說。2 .副詞修飾形容詞或副詞時，通常放在形容詞或副詞的前面如：These flowers are

19、quite beautiful.（在形容詞前）這些花相當漂亮。He works very hard.（在副詞前）他工作很努力。但也有例外，如：She is old enoughto go to school.（在形容詞后）她已到了上學的年齡。3 .按一般規(guī)則，既有地點狀語又有時間狀語時，地點狀語應放在時間狀語之前。如：We had a meetingin the classroom yesterday afternoon.我們昨天下午在教室開了一個會。 He watched TV at home last night.他昨晚在家看電視。-ly說明形容詞一般修飾名詞，副詞一般修飾動詞、形容詞或副

20、詞。一些形容詞后加上 可以變成副詞，如 slow-slowly, quick-quickly, careful-carefully 等。三.形容詞變副詞形容詞變副詞規(guī)律小結規(guī)則變化范圍變化規(guī)則例詞大部分形容詞加lycarelesscarelesslyquiet-quietly/different-differently以le結尾的形容詞變le為lypossible-possiblyterrible-terriblycomfortable-comfortablygentle-gently 、simple-simply以y結尾的形容詞變y為ilyeasyeasily 、angryangrilyno

21、isynoisily 、happyhappilyheavy-heavily 、healthyhealthily不規(guī)則變化本身既是形容詞也是副詞，無需改變fastfast、early-earlyhigh-high、hardhardlatelate、farfarwide-wide 、alone-alone形容詞和副詞為完全不同的單詞goodwell初中階段唯 個需要去掉字母 e的單詞true-truly雖然以ly結尾，但卻是形容詞，不能直接用來修飾 動詞Friendly/ively/lovely/lonelyLikely很后可能的/monthly有些形容詞本身即為副詞，同時也有加ly的副詞形式。但

22、加不加ly意思不一樣，使用時需注意wide（形容詞，寬闊的，睜大的）-wide（副詞，睜大地）/widely（副詞，廣泛地）,late（形容詞，晚的）late（副詞，晚地）,lately （最 近）high（形容詞，高的）-high（副詞, 高地）/highly（副詞，高度地）特別容易犯錯的副詞形容詞副詞備注hardhardhard副詞容易寫成hardly, hardly意思為幾乎不,與hard無任 何關系friendly無不能用friendly直接修飾動詞，只能改成in a friendly way 用工種友好的方式如：He smiled at me in a friendly way.ex

23、citedexcitedly容易拼錯healthyhealthily容易拼錯politepolitely不用去掉字母e。類似的詞還有: widely, nicely, closely,四.基礎練習題(一)用所給詞的正確形式填空A1. The Greens are (happy) to live in this (noise) street. They have decided to move to another place.2. The panda has been (die) for about two months.3. I like her dress. It looks very (

24、beauty).4. Don t feel (worry) about your child. The whole class would be (friend)to the new classmate.5. The (finally) exams usually take place at the end of June.6. It s (possible) for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon.7. It s a (please) trip for all of us.8. The children in China are living a (

25、color) life.9. It was an (amaze) match. It amazed us.10. He felt very (sleep) and fell (sleep) soon when he lay in bed.11. We all had a very (enjoy) time at the party. B1.1 don t like him and it would be of me to do the opposite. (honest)1.2 ur holidays in Thailand were really and unforgettable. (en

26、joy)3 .The government is doing everything possible to help those people after theearthquake. (home)4 .Put on the glasses so that you can see the word on the blackboard. (clear)5 .The war made millions of people. (home)6 .What is the most animal in the forest? (power)7.It is to travel by train than b

27、y air. (cheap)8.It is for him to finish the job in two hours. He is so slow. (possible)9., over 28,000 civilians ( 平民)lost their lives during the three-year war in Iraq. (sad)10.I feel quite comfortable at home when it is raining outside. (heavy)ll.Jack is such a fellow, for he always leaves this or

28、 that at the office. (forget)12.It is not to eat food with Sudan I ( 蘇丹紅 1 號).(safely)13 .Lily is enough to get the prize in the 2006 Shanghai Junior High School English Contest. (luck)14 .We d better drive our cars on rainy days. (slow)15 .One starry night, when the seven little dwarfs went back ho

29、me from work, they found something at once. (usual)（二）選擇最佳答案()1. These oranges taste.A. goodB. wellC. to be good D. to be well()2. I can t pay as he asked forA. a as high price B.as a high priceC.as high priceD.as high a price ()3. We are going to see a film this evening . Why not go with us ?I have

30、 to do many things this evening . I m, you see .A. free B. glad C. sorry D. busy()4. Mum, Bill is coming to dinner this evening. OK. Let s give him to eat.A. something differentB. different anythingC. anything differentD. different something()5.The person is talking with the doctor.A. ill壞的可作定語、病的不可

31、做 ()5.We shouldn t buy the bananasA. ill,sick B. sick ,ill C. ill,ill()6. Th e day is bright and. LetA. sunny B. dark C. cloudy ()7. Look !beautiful that lake is !A. What B. How C. How aB. sick C. illness D. sickness ,because eating them can make us feelD. ill,illnesss go for a walk .D. windyD. What a()8. -1 wont go to the Great Wall tomorrow.-I wont,.A. neither B. either C. too D. also()9. He likes to do some reading in the morning, I like it, A. too B. either C. neither D. also()10.That maths problem is difficult nobody can