期末復(fù)習題型指導-語法填空 教案

1、.適用學科高中英語適用年級高二適用區(qū)域人教新課標版課時時長分鐘2課時知識點一般如今時等時態(tài)的用法過去進展時等語態(tài)的用法不定式作主語等非謂語動詞的用法教學目的掌握語法填空技巧，進步填空正確率教學重點謂語和非謂語的區(qū)別和判斷；教學難點分析句子，判斷謂語和非謂語教學過程一、導入教學建議：導入有很多種方法，一般控制在十分鐘左右為宜，可以采用各種形式，比如：1、直接導入法。2、復(fù)習以往知識：可以從已學、已知的入手，與今天的教學進行對比。3、課前小測：可以針對學生學校里近期講授的內(nèi)容進行出題（以簡單題和中檔題為主，以10分鐘左右為宜）進行測驗，也可以針對基礎(chǔ)知識進行復(fù)習提問，檢查學生學校所學內(nèi)容的掌握程度

2、，進而展開教學。4、以近年來發(fā)生的重大事件為題導入。既考查了學生從社會生活中獲取信息的能力，又激發(fā)了學生的學習興趣，讓學生馬上進入學習狀態(tài)等。以上的導入方法只是建議，大家選擇其中一種或兩種進行交叉使用即可。復(fù)習：引導學生復(fù)習上節(jié)內(nèi)容：選修六unit 3-5，并引入本節(jié)課程內(nèi)容：語法填空的做題技巧和方法指導，主要從三個步驟去進展：1、快速閱讀全文，把握文章大意和作者寫作意圖，總體時態(tài)；2、分析句子構(gòu)造-主謂構(gòu)造;3、根據(jù)上下文把握空格意思。二、知識講解語法填空，旨在考察考生在閱讀理解的根底上對語法和語言知識的運用的掌握情況。根據(jù)課標全國卷考試大綱語法填空的樣題要求，深度剖析語法填空的考點以幫助老

3、師和學生找到相應(yīng)的備考策略。根據(jù)考試大綱對語法考察的重點和難點，分別從動詞不定式、動名詞、分詞、形容詞性從句、名詞性從句、副詞性從句、時態(tài)、語態(tài)、虛擬語氣、形容詞、副詞、情態(tài)動詞、代詞、介詞和名詞分別加以熱身練習、知識透析與強化練習來夯實考察的重難點。 語法填空題常常在語境中考察考生對語言構(gòu)造和語言知識的考察，這就要求考生要針對語境做細致的分析，以語境為切入點對測試題進展考慮，分析，甄別和抉擇。首要技巧是懂得如何分析句子成分，然后按提示詞和缺詞填空甄別考察的語法點和知識點。語法填空題的一般解題方法與步驟：建議：從篇章、句子、詞匯三個層面去考慮1、閱讀全文，把握文章大意，理解特征，弄清文脈2、確

4、定句子成分，分析句型構(gòu)造，邊讀邊填，先易后難填空的過程-判斷空白處應(yīng)填詞語的語義已給出詞語的除外和正確語法形式的思維過程。思維過程中，首先必須考慮句子構(gòu)造的語法性，其次是上下文的連接性。語法關(guān)系主要通過功能詞冠詞、介詞、連詞來實現(xiàn)。詞形變化主要考察的是實義詞名詞、動詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞。3、驗證復(fù)查，去除難點。知識點1 提示詞填空1. 動詞的形式1） 謂語動詞：假如動詞在句中充當謂語，考察時態(tài)和語態(tài)、主謂一致或虛擬語氣*。先判斷謂語動詞和主語之間是主動關(guān)系還是被動關(guān)系，然后根據(jù)時間狀語和上下文謂語動詞的提示進展判斷時態(tài)注意：熟記v+“-s、v+“-ing、v+“-ed的規(guī)那么。時態(tài)和語態(tài)表如

5、下：時態(tài)主動語態(tài)形式被動語態(tài)形式一般過去時was/were; didwas/were done過去進展時was/were doingwas/were being done過去完成時had donehad been done過去將來時would dowould be done一般如今時is/am/are; do/doesis/am/are done如今進展時is/am/are doingis/am/are being done如今完成時have/has donehave/has been done如今完成進展時have/has been doing-一般將來時will dowill be don

6、e2） 非謂語動詞：假如動詞在句子中不是充當謂語，考察非謂語動詞。先判斷動詞在句中充當什么成分，再選擇形式，參考下表：主動形式被動形式不定式to doto doto be doneto be doing與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生-to have done發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前to have been donedoing如今分詞或動名詞doing 與主句主語表主動關(guān)系being donehaving done發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前having been done過去分詞done 與主句主語表被動關(guān)系-主語賓語表語賓補前置定語后置定語狀語不定式to do表示詳細一次動作多用于真實主語熟記可跟不定式的動詞說明主語的

7、詳細內(nèi)容，表意向、打算、方案由動詞決定表將來發(fā)生的動作或表用處表目的、結(jié)果、原因動名詞doing表示習慣性動作多放在句首熟記可跟動名詞的動詞說明主語的詳細內(nèi)容表示被修飾語的功能或作用分詞現(xiàn) 在分詞doing表示主語的性質(zhì),意為“令人.的多指物；表正在進展的動作與賓語表主動;正在進展與被修飾語表主動或正在進展與被修飾語表主動與主句主語表主動過 去分詞done表示主語的性質(zhì)，意為“感到.的,多指人；表被動或已完成的動作與賓語表被動或完成的動作與被修飾語表被動或已完成的動作與被修飾語表被動與主句主語表被動2. 詞形轉(zhuǎn)換：考察構(gòu)詞法，四大實詞名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞的形式轉(zhuǎn)化。掌握名詞、形容詞和副詞在

8、句子中充當?shù)某煞趾臀恢?。名詞在句中充當主語，動詞或介詞的賓語，同位語，表語，賓補，定語形容詞在句中充當定語、表語、賓補副詞修飾動詞、形容詞或整個句子等作狀語1） 名詞：區(qū)分不可數(shù)名詞以及可數(shù)名詞，注意名詞復(fù)數(shù)加s的規(guī)那么；2） 形容詞：原級、比較級、最高級形式以及習慣用法和搭配；3） 副詞：考察詞形轉(zhuǎn)換和原級、比較級、最高級形式以及習慣用法。知識點2 缺詞填空1. 連詞：考察并列句，復(fù)合句主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句、定語從句、狀語從句的引導詞。以下是常見引導詞：1） 并列連詞：常放在句中連接兩個獨立句子；放在句首，連接上下文；有中文意思并列連詞并列副詞并列或遞進關(guān)系and, bo

9、thand, not onlybut also, then然后，那時轉(zhuǎn)折或比照關(guān)系but但是，然而, while而，表比照,however然而 因果關(guān)系for因為，表原因，so所以，表結(jié)果therefore所以, thus, 選擇關(guān)系or或者，否那么, otherwise要不然，否那么, notbut.不是而是, neithernor eitheror, 2附屬連詞引導狀語從句：常放在句首或句中，連接兩個獨立句子，有中文意思時間狀語從句when, while, as, before, after, till/until, notuntil, once, since, hardlywhen, n

10、o soonerthan, scarcelywhen, 地點狀語從句where,原因狀語從句because, since, as,目的狀語從句so that, in case,結(jié)果狀語從句sothat, suchthat,條件狀語從句if, unless, providing/provided that方式狀語從句just as, as if/ though讓步狀語從句although/though, even if/though, n./adj./v + as +主謂,wh-ever/no matter wh-+主謂比較狀語從句as原級as/not so as, the same +n. a

11、s, 比較級than, the+形容詞最高級；the+形容詞比較級+主謂，the+形容詞比較級+主謂越,越3連接詞引導名詞性從句：在主句中充當主、賓、表、同位語；引導詞在從句中可充當成分或不充當成分。引導詞列表如下：連詞作為引導詞,在從句中不充當任何成分連接代詞在從句中充當作主語、賓語、定語thatwhetherifas if/as thoughbecausewhowhomwhosewhatwhichwhomever，whatever,whichever主從賓從表從同從連接副詞在從句中作狀語when時間什么時候where地點什么地方how方式如何；多么why原因為什么主從賓從表從同從 3關(guān)系詞

12、引導定語從句：形式：先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語從句；關(guān)系詞在定從中一定充當主語、賓語、定語、表語或狀語。關(guān)系詞列表如下：關(guān)系代詞who指人作主語，賓語，表語whom指人作賓語whose指人或物作定語that指人或物只用于限制性定從作主語，賓語which指物，整個句子作主語，賓語，表語as指代整個句子只用于非限制性定從作主語，賓語，表語關(guān)系副詞when指時間=in,on, atwhich作時間狀語那時候=thenwhere指地點= in, atwhich作地點狀語在那里=wherewhy指原因=for which作原因狀語4） 強調(diào)句: It is/was + 被強調(diào)部分主語、賓語、狀語 + that

13、 + 句子的其余部分強調(diào)謂語動詞：在謂語動詞原形前加do/does/did2. 代詞：1 人稱代詞: 主格充當主語;賓格充當賓語和表語我你他她它我們你們他們主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey賓格meyouhimheritusyouthem2 物主代詞: 形容詞型物主代詞作定語; 名詞型物主代詞作主語、賓語、表語我的你們的他的她的它的我們的他們的形容詞型myyourhisheritsourtheir名詞型mineyourshishersitsourstheirs3反身代詞：myself我自己, yourself, himself, itself, ourselves, yourselv

14、es, themselves, 用作賓語、表語、同位語。4指示代詞：it, this, that, these, those起指代作用；such/so5不定代詞：others, other+pl.其他的, another+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)另一, one, each, all, both, none, neither, either, much, many, little, few, every, everyone, everybody, everything; some, someone, somebody, something; any, anyone, anybody, anything; n

15、o, no one, nobody, nothing 6疑問代詞引導特殊疑問句：who, whom, whose, what, which, how, why, when, where3. 冠詞：熟記a/an, the 的根本用法和固定搭配4. 介詞：熟記常見介詞的根本用法和固定搭配。如：with, as, by, from, for, at ,in, without, between, like etc.5. 倒裝，省略，強調(diào)三、例題精析教學建議說明：此處內(nèi)容主要用于教師課堂的精講，每個題目結(jié)合試題本身、答案和解析部分。例題1【題干】Lessons 9_learn in sports can

16、 help us in our dealing with other people.【答案】learned【解析】通過分析句子，知道動詞learn在句子中 不做謂語 ，而做定語，它與其邏輯主語lessons是被動關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)當用過去分詞形式。例題2【題干】But even more 10_value are the lessons learned in extra-curricular activities in school: 【答案】valuable【解析】通過分析句子，知道這個句子是個倒裝句，其正常的句序是：But the lessons learned in extra-curricu

17、lar activities in school are more_: ,因此，空格10題在句子中做“are的表語，用形容詞。例題3【題干】 5_ that team and that school must do is admit that it 6_ lose.【答案】What ；lost【解析】通過分析句子構(gòu)造，知道空格5題所在的是個主語從句，它應(yīng)該是個做do的賓語；又通過分析句子構(gòu)造，知道空格6題所在的句子是個賓語從句，動詞lose在句中做謂語。四 、課堂運用教學建議說明：在對課堂知識講解完，把握了重點突破了難點以及練習精講了之后，再用練習進行課堂鞏固或檢測，根據(jù)學生情況建議分3個難度

18、層次：易，中，難?；A(chǔ)1. Ms Chen teach me English since Junior 1, and to show my appreciation I decided to get her a present. 2. I was certain she would like it because I tell by my classmates that she loved hot food. 3. The exam, which was originally to be held in our classroom, _ change to the library at the

19、 last minute. . 4. I had to leave work to take him to the hospital because he _ break his finger. 5. The child, Nicole Hobson, take by her mother to Childrens Memorial Hospital about 11 p.m., Wednesday to check 6. A transit spokesman said the driver should make radio call to the control center for h

20、elp. 7. An official from the Ministry of Education said that China follows an educational policy that encourage students to study abroad. 8. One of them was a visitor, saying he wouldnt have been there if he _ watchthe weather forecast the day before. 9. We must also consider the reaction of the per

21、son receive the gift. 10 With the problem solve, I felt proud of my achievement.【答案】1. has taught / has been teaching /had taught /had been teaching 2. was told/ had been told 3. was changed 4. had broken 5. was being taken 6. have made 7. encourages 8. had watched 9. receiving 10. solved 鞏固1. Many

22、things must be considered such as the person is interested in and how old he is. 2. My face turned red on hearing _ my mother said. 3. She would point out they had mastered and declared firmly they could learn what they had missed. 4The American Academy of Pediatrics 兒科 says children really need for

23、 health development is more good, old-fashioned playtime.5. I almost started to yell his name _ I suddenly remembered he was in bed asleep. 6. children believe they can succeed, they will never become totally independent.7. Statistics show that China carried out the opening - up policy, a total of o

24、ne million students have gone abroad for study. 8 we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language. 9. Some people, however, maintain that this is precisely _ the danger lies.【答案】 1. what 2. what 3. what 4. what 5. when 6. Unless 7. since 8. If 9. Whe

25、re拔高一There was a woman who went to the airport 16 hurry. She was so absorbed 17 her own thoughts that she was not aware they were going on a different route. Suddenly, a man went inside the cab and took her handbag 18 she placed her visa, passport, and all her money for the trip. She kept on thinkin

26、g how unlucky she was to be in that situation. That very same night, she heard a piece of 19 shock news. Flight 230 crashed! It was the plane that she was supposed to board into. 20 she had not lost her precious belongings, she could have lost something far 21 important her life! Sometimes bad thing

27、s really happen. We fail in our exams, or get rejected by others. There are times when nothing seems to go our way. So what do we do about it? We must take all these 22 frustrate out of our chest and start all over again with the consistent faith that we 23 get what are deserved應(yīng)得的.If you failed in

28、the exams, maybe youd be more successful and much happier in 24 field. If you were rejected by your friend, there are plenty of others out there who are much more deserving of 值得的your love and affection. Dont waste your time and energy 25 things that cant be changed. 二 Stephen Hawking, who is the mo

29、st famous physicist, was born in Britain on January 8th, 1942. As a child, he was enthusiastic about 16 design complicated toys but 17 fortune, in his twenties, he suffered 18 a disease that was impossible to be cured, 19 was a great challenge for him. However, not only was he positive about the mis

30、fortunes 20 eventually he defeated all the obstacles but also he was 21 absorb in his research in the universe. In 1988, his best-seller A Brief History of Time was published, 22 which he put forward the idea 23 time itself has a beginning, and that it will have 24 end. In conclusion, he has made ou

31、tstanding 25 contribute to the fields of cosmology and quantum gravity. 【答案】一16. hurriedly17. in18. where19. shocking20. If21. more22. frustrations23. will get24. another25. on二16. designing17. unfortunately18. from19. which20. and21. absorbed22. in 23. that 24. An 25. contributions課堂小結(jié)教學建議說明：教師對本節(jié)課

32、應(yīng)掌握的知識作一個小結(jié)，將本堂課應(yīng)掌握的內(nèi)容做一個概要陳述。結(jié)合前兩次復(fù)習課中所講的語法填空做題方法，進一步完善語法填空技巧和常見考點，通過練習，學會分析句子，從而做出正確的判斷。課后作業(yè)教學建議說明：講解完本章的知識點，布置課后作業(yè)，讓學生鞏固知識，建議也分三個層次，每個層次3-5題?；A(chǔ)1 Follow the doctors advice, _ your cough will be worse.2 Walk straight along the main road, _ then you will reach the Grand Theater.3 You like sports, _

33、I would rather read.4 I was about to jump into the river _ the guide stopped me.5. This museum is not _ it was ten years ago. 6. The reason for his success is _ he worked hard. 7.She dresses well，but the trouble is_ the clothes she is wearing dont go with each other very well. 8. Einsteins most famo

34、us theory is _ we call the Theory of Relativity.9 Can you think of another example _ this phrase can be used?10 This is the store _ my father runs.鞏固1. Remember to send me a photo of us next time you _ write to me. 2. I first met Tom 10 years ago. He _ work in a radio factory at that time. 3. I can

35、guess you were in a hurry. You _ wear your sweater inside out. 4. I know Mr. Brown; we _introduce to each other at an international conference.5. They wont buy new clothes because they _ save money to buy a new house.6. _ attract by the beauty of nature，the girl from London decided to spend another

36、two days on the farm7. Helen had to shout _ make herself heard above the sound of the music8. The old man，_work abroad for twenty years，is on the way back to his motherland 9. Sarah，hurry up！Im afraid you cant have time to get _change before the party10. According to a recent USsurvey，children spent

37、 up to 25 hours a week _watchTV拔高一When times become difficult, remember a moment in your life that was filled with joy and happiness. Remember 16 it made you feel, and you will have the strength you need to get through any trial. When life throws you one more obstacle 17 you think you can handle, re

38、member something you achieved through 18 persevere and by struggling to the end. In doing so, you will find you have the ability 19 overcome each obstacle in our path.When you find yourself 20 exhaust, remember to find a place to rest.Take 21 necessary time in your own life to dream your dreams and

39、renew your energy, 22 you will be ready to face each new day.When you feel tension 23 build, find something fun to do. Youll find that the stress you feel will fade away and your thoughts will become clearer.When you 24 face with so many negative and draining situations, and you view your life 25 a whole and remember the positive things, you will realize how small problems may seem.二In every school a “top crowd sets the pace，while the others follow their lead. Lets say the top crowd decides that it is smart to wear bright red sweaters. Pretty soon everybo