非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞--分詞的用法

1、復(fù)習(xí)復(fù)習(xí): : 分分 詞詞 有關(guān)有關(guān) 用用 法法一一. .分詞可分為分詞可分為: (: (以以do為例為例) )(doing)( done)二.現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞區(qū)別：區(qū)別區(qū)別 語(yǔ)態(tài) 時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞( )過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞( )現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞 ( )過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 ( )主動(dòng)被動(dòng)正在進(jìn)行已經(jīng)完成 復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)一：根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)一：根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思, ,用所給用所給 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞或過(guò)去分詞填空動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞或過(guò)去分詞填空a film 動(dòng)人的電影動(dòng)人的電影 a mother 受感動(dòng)的媽媽受感動(dòng)的媽媽(主動(dòng))(被動(dòng))a leaf 一片飄落的樹(shù)葉a leaf

2、一片落葉 (正在進(jìn)行)(已經(jīng)完成)movingmoved1.move2. fallfallingfallen復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)二復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)二: : 分詞做表語(yǔ)分詞做表語(yǔ), ,定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ), ,賓補(bǔ)用法賓補(bǔ)用法她現(xiàn)在好累她現(xiàn)在好累. .這工作累人這工作累人. .She is very .The work is .1. 表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ):運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在分詞或過(guò)去分詞完整句子運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在分詞或過(guò)去分詞完整句子tiredtiring這就是那只嚇人的老虎這就是那只嚇人的老虎.這就是受了驚嚇的女孩這就是受了驚嚇的女孩. （ frighten）This is the tiger.This is the girl.2. 1 定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)（單個(gè)分詞

3、）前置（單個(gè)分詞）前置frightening frightened2.2 定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)（分詞短語(yǔ)）后置（分詞短語(yǔ)）后置正在建房那些人是我的朋友正在建房那些人是我的朋友.去年建造的那座房子將要拆除去年建造的那座房子將要拆除.正在建造的那座房子將是個(gè)商店正在建造的那座房子將是個(gè)商店.The people are my friends.The house will be pulled down.built last yearThe house will be a store. being builtbuilding the house*分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)可改成分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)可改成( )定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句我看見(jiàn)

4、那玻璃是破的我看見(jiàn)那玻璃是破的. .我看見(jiàn)那男孩在把玻璃砸破我看見(jiàn)那男孩在把玻璃砸破. .I saw the glass .I saw the boy . 3.賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)brokenbreaking the glass動(dòng)詞catchhavekeepget leavemake sendsetstart現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去分詞 catch 等幾個(gè)特殊動(dòng)詞接分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的情況：Grammar: The Participle phrase used as Adverbial分分 詞詞 短短 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 作作 狀狀 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)A.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)學(xué)與練現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)學(xué)與練 把劃線部分改寫成分詞短語(yǔ)把劃線部分改寫成分詞短語(yǔ)并

5、說(shuō)明其功能并說(shuō)明其功能 1. When they saw their teacher, the students stood up. Seeing their teacher, the students stood up. *現(xiàn)在分詞動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者是現(xiàn)在分詞動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者是( )句子主語(yǔ)句子主語(yǔ)*現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作( )時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) 1. After they had finished their homework, they went home.Having finished their homework, they went home.* *現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作( ( )

6、*Having finished their homework表現(xiàn)的動(dòng)表現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作在作在went home( ),故用分詞的故用分詞的( ).( ).時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)之前之前完成式完成式2.Because he was ill, he couldnt go to school.Being ill, he couldnt go to school.* *現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ) 作原因狀語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)3.If you work harder at English, you will make greater progress.Working harder at English, you will m

7、ake greater progress.* *現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ) 作條件狀語(yǔ)作條件狀語(yǔ)4.Although they felt very tired，they kept running.*Feeling very tired, they kept running. 現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ) 作讓步狀語(yǔ)作讓步狀語(yǔ)5.The children came into the classroom, and they laughed and talked.(并列句并列句)*The children came into the classroom, laughing and talking. * *

8、現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ) 作伴隨或方式狀語(yǔ)作伴隨或方式狀語(yǔ)*Laughing and talking, the children came into the classroom.把下列劃線部分改寫成分詞短語(yǔ)把下列劃線部分改寫成分詞短語(yǔ), 并并說(shuō)明其功能說(shuō)明其功能B.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)學(xué)與練過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)學(xué)與練1.When she was asked why she did it, she began to cry.*Asked why she did it, she began to cry. *過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)*從句的動(dòng)詞用的是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)從句的動(dòng)詞用的是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)*過(guò)去分

9、詞的動(dòng)作由主語(yǔ)承受過(guò)去分詞的動(dòng)作由主語(yǔ)承受2.Because he was moved by her words, he decided to help the poor boy. *Moved by her words, he decided to help the poor boy. *過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)3.If I am given more time, Ill catch up with you.*Given more time, Ill catch up with you.*過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作條件狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作條件狀語(yǔ)4.Although they had

10、been defeated many times， they continued to fight.*Defeated many times, they continued to fight. =Although defeated many times, they continued to fight.*過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作讓步狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作讓步狀語(yǔ)*為使?fàn)钫Z(yǔ)含義更加明確，有時(shí)在過(guò)去分為使?fàn)钫Z(yǔ)含義更加明確，有時(shí)在過(guò)去分詞前可加上適當(dāng)連詞詞前可加上適當(dāng)連詞*Once used, the car will never be sold again. (once “一旦一旦”) =Once it is

11、used, the car will never be sold again.*When heated, water turns into steam. =When water is heated, water turns into steam.5.The teacher stood there and he was surrounded(包圍包圍) by many students.*The teacher stood there surrounded by many students= Surrounded by many students, the teacher stood there

12、. *過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨或方式狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨或方式狀語(yǔ)六.分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)須注意的問(wèn)題:練習(xí)練習(xí): 判斷正誤并改正判斷正誤并改正1.Standing at the top of the hill, we can see Shiyan Town.() *現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由句子的主語(yǔ)發(fā)出現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由句子的主語(yǔ)發(fā)出=When we stand at the top of the hill, we can see Shiyan Town.2.Seen from the top of the hill, we cansee Shiyan Town.()*Seen from the t

13、op of the hill, Shiyan Town can be seen clearly.*過(guò)去分詞表示的動(dòng)作由句子的主語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞表示的動(dòng)作由句子的主語(yǔ)承受承受=when it is seen from the top of the hill, Shiyan Town can be seen clearly.3.Moved deeply by what he said, so he decided to help the poor girl.()*去掉so*分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),不能和連詞連用不能和連詞連用.Because he was moved deeply by what

14、he said, so he decided to help the poor girl. ( )4.When visited at night, you must make sure the visitor is really your friend.()=When you are visited, you must make sure the visitor is really your friend.()The teacher came into the classroom, followed by six students. *過(guò)去分詞的動(dòng)作由主語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞的動(dòng)作由主語(yǔ)承受承受,而現(xiàn)在而

15、現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)作有主語(yǔ)分詞的動(dòng)作有主語(yǔ)發(fā)出發(fā)出.6.Although laughed at by others, he didnt give up his hope.()=Although he was laughed at by others, he didnt give up his hope.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句不同時(shí)， 帶邏輯主語(yǔ)的分詞短語(yǔ)被稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。多做狀語(yǔ)。If weather permits, I will go and visit the zoo.= Weather permitting, I will go and visit the zoo.When

16、the meeting was over, we all left the room .= The meeting being over, we all left the room.As it is Sunday, I neednt go to school.= It being Sunday, I neednt go to school.3.由There being +主語(yǔ)這種結(jié)構(gòu)多表示原因。例如：There being a lot of books to read, he often studied till midnight.因?yàn)橛性S多書要讀，他經(jīng)常學(xué)習(xí)到深夜。分詞的重要句型： gene

17、rally speaking 一般說(shuō)來(lái) frankly speaking 坦誠(chéng)地說(shuō)2. judging from 從來(lái)判斷3. speaking of 說(shuō)起, 提到。 talking of / about 說(shuō)起, 提到。4. supposing 假設(shè)。5. provided / providing that 倘若6. with / without + n. / pron. + adj. / adv. / prep phr. / doing / to do / done2. _ everywhere, the wolves had no where _ themselves. A. Huntin

18、g, hiding B. To hunt, to hide C. Hunted, hiding D. Hunted, to hide5. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun 6. Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. (03北京春北京春)A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tire

19、d; bored D. tiring; boring 9. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. (01全國(guó)夏全國(guó)夏)A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered10. Before _, the machine must be checked. A. being used B. using it C. being used to D. using 11. Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices. (02京皖春京皖春)A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying12.The Emperors New Clothes, is an _ text. All of us are