定語從句十大難點

1、精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上定語從句十大難點定語從句是中學英語教學的語法重點，也是難點。為了讓同學們更好地掌握這個語法項目，本文對定語從句難點及重點加以分析歸納。請看題： 1Is this the house _ the great musician was born in?Awhich Bwhere Cthe one Dit2Ill never forget the days _ we spent our holidays together in JapanAwhen Bin which Cwhich Dthat3It was the only cotton mill _ there was

2、thenAwhy Bwhere Cin which D不填4Im taking some weight-loss pills，_ are quite popular hereAthat Bwhich Cthey Dwho5The passangers and the suitcases _ were still waiting had to be transferred to another planeAit Bwhat Cthat Dwhich6It was the largest map _ I had ever seenAwhich Bwhere CthatDwith which7Whi

3、ch was the hotel _ was recommended to you?AasBthat Cwho Dwhich8I will pardon him，_ is honestAthatBwhoever Cwho Dwhich9We went through a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas（度過了在鄉(xiāng)下交流很困難的時期）Awhich Bwhose Cin whichDwith which10I saw someone running towards me in the dark stree

4、tBefore I could see who it was，-she had run back in the direction _ she had comeAin which Bby which Cof which Dfrom which11Mr Zhang had a lot of friends，none of _ could lend him any moneyAwhom Bthem CwhichDwho12The man，in _ company I have been working for ten years，is a good bossAwhich Bwhat Cwhose

5、Dwhom13Ive come to the point _ I cant stand（忍受的臨界點） her arguing any longer到某種地步，在某種境況中Awhy Bwhich Cwhere Dthat 14The man pulled out a gold watch，_ were set with small diamondsAthe hands of whom Bwhom the hands ofCwhich the hands of Dthe hands of which15Tom spent the summer holidays in college，during

6、 _ time he got a part-time joband read many literature books as wellAthat Bthis CwhoseDwhich16_ was announced in the newspaper，our country won 51 gold medals in the 29th Olympic GamesAIt BThat CAs DWhich17The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people tokeep It r

7、unning，_ meant spending tens of thousands of poundsAwho Bthat Cas Dwhich18Yon should treat him (in) the way _ suits him bestAthat Bin which C Dwhy19This is one of the books on this subject that _ been written in ChineseAhave Bhad Chas Dhaving20This is the only one of the books on this subject that _

8、 been written in ChineseAhave Bhad Chas Dhaving21_ is known to us all is that Chinese athletes achieved great success in the 2008 Olympic GamesAIt BWhat CAs DWhich22Is this hotel _ we were to stay in your letter?Awhere Bin which Cthe one DA and C23Where did you get to know her? It was in the school

9、_ we workedAthat Bthere Cwhich Dwhere【參考答案】15 AADBC 610 CBCCD 1115 ACCDD 1620 CDAAC 2123 BAD關系代詞和關系副詞的選擇選擇關系代詞還是關系副詞要依據(jù)先行詞在定語從句中所作的成分，關系詞在從句中作主語、賓語，選擇關系代詞(who，whom，that，which)；作定語時用whose引導定語從句。如試題1中指代先行詞house的關系詞作in的賓語，而不是狀語，所以答案為A。關系詞在從句中作狀語時，應選擇關系副詞(where地點狀語，when時間狀語，why原因狀語)。如試題2中的關系詞the days在從句

10、中作狀語，而不是賓語(從句中的賓語是our holidays)；試題3中的關系詞在定語從句中作主狀語。比較：I live in Wuxi，which is famous for Taihu LakeI live in Wuxi，where Taihu Lake is protected by law例，which在從句中作主語；where在從句中作狀語。that與which的區(qū)別1限制性定語從句的先行詞指物，而且關系詞在從句中作主語或賓語時既可以用that也可以用which， 但是that不能引導非限制性定語從句，如試題4。2先行詞是不定代詞all，few，little，much，anythi

11、ng，nothing等詞，關系代詞用that。3先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級以及all，any，every，few，the very，the only修飾時，用that作關系代詞。如試題6。4在which疑問句中，關系代詞用that而不用which。如試題7。which與where的區(qū)別如果定語從句分別修飾point，situation，activitycondition和case等表示抽象意義的詞，而且關系詞在從句中作狀語，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”，此時用where引導定語從句。如試題13?！敖樵~+關系代詞”結構中的介詞及關系代詞的選擇關系代詞作介詞賓語，介詞可前置，此時只能用w

12、homwhich而不能用that，who構成“介詞+whichwhom”的結構。該結構中介詞的選擇，一要看先行詞；二要看與定語從句謂語動詞的搭配；三要看句意。如試題9，period后面的定語從句中缺少時間狀語，要用when，而此題中沒有when，所以要選擇in which相當于in the period。再如試題10，先行詞direction和定語從句的謂語come之間要用介詞from。注意：1若為短語動詞(即固定搭配)，那么介詞不能放在關系詞前面，如：look after，take care of， look for等。2關系副詞在意義上相當于“介詞+which”。 I was in Bei

13、jing on the day when(=on which) he arrived The office where(=in which) he works is on the third floor This is the chief reason why(=for which) we did it“不定代詞、數(shù)詞或名詞+of whichwhom”引出非限制性定語從句。表示整體中的一部分。如：There are 40 students in our class，27 of whom are boys我們班有40名學生，其中27名是男生。例如試題11是“代詞+of whom”結構，先行詞是人

14、，所以用whom。試題14，是“名詞+of、which”結構。關系代詞whose的用法先行詞在定語從句中作定語用whose。Ive got a car，whose type is popular我擁有一輛小汽車，其車型現(xiàn)在非常受歡迎。又如試題12，其中whose company又作介詞in的賓語。此題關鍵弄清關系詞與后面的名詞的所屬關系，問題就迎刃而解了。此外，whose從句可轉換為“名詞+of which”型，如試題14從句部分可以改寫為：whose hands were set with small diamonds。再如：They live in a house，whose door o

15、pens to the southThey lived in a house，of which the door opens to the southThey lived in a house，the door of which opens to the southas與which的區(qū)別as和which可以引導非限制性定語從句，都指主句所表達的所有內容，而且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但也有區(qū)別：1as引導的定語從句可置于句首，而which不可。如試題16。2as引導非限制性定語從句時，后面常接say，know，judge等動詞，表示“正如”。如果先行詞是the way，而且關系代詞在定語

16、從句中充當狀語，則定語從句通常由in which或that引導。也?？梢允÷砸龑г~。如：I dont like the way(thatin which) you treat her我不喜歡你對待她的方式。然而試題18中的先行詞the way，在后面的定語從句中充當主語。故只能選A?？疾槎ㄕZ從句中的主謂一致關系代詞在定語從句中作主語，從句的謂語要與先行詞保持一致?！皁ne of the+復數(shù)名詞”在關系詞前，那么先行詞為“the+復數(shù)名詞”；“the only one of the + 復數(shù)名詞”在關系詞前，那么先行詞是the only one。如試題19的先行詞是books，所以從句謂語用復

17、數(shù)而試題20的先行詞是the only one。將定語從句與其他從句或非謂語動詞等知識混合在一起考查試題的命題者常把定語從句和結果狀語從句、地點狀語從句、強調句型、同位語從句等易混淆的結構放在一個具體的語境中，要求考生加以區(qū)別。如試題21，好像四個選項都對，但是，經(jīng)過仔細分析可知，答案應該是B，what引導主語從句并在從名中充當主語。再如試題22，該題要求考生區(qū)分定語從句和表語從句。將疑問句還原為肯定句：This hotel is _ we were to stay從句中stay是不及物動詞不帶定語，故排除C(省略作賓語的關系詞)。又因為在還原后的句子中is后無名詞，所以排除B。試題23將定語

18、從句與強調句結合在同一題干里，答句省略與問句相同的部分，補全是：It was in the school _ we worked that I got to know her根據(jù)先行詞the school在從句中作地點狀語，可確定用where引導定語從句。試題3：選D.It was the only cotton mill （that ）there was then.當先行詞被序數(shù)詞或the very, the only, the last修飾時，要用that，這里省略了that，因為there be句型中關系代詞可以省略。試題24. Is this research centre _ you

19、 visit the modern equipments last year? A. where B. that C . the one that D. the one where答案D . 還原This research centre is the one where you 。缺少先行詞，選the one ,又因不缺主語賓語所以不選that 。 如果this 后有the 應選where，因先行詞在從句中作狀語。試題5How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin?Oh, thats easy. I surfed the Inter

20、net and then called one _ the telephonenumber is provided. A. which B. in whichC. of which D. whose答案：C后面定語從句the telephone number of which = whose telephone number.因為有了the ,所以就不用用whose了。 排除D而要表示“的”這個從屬關系，必須要介詞， 排除A.B 和 C 想必很容易看出 C才能表示 “的”最后 C只是簡單顛倒了下the telephone number of which 的順序C因為反過來說就是the telephone of the agent.D中 whose 了就不能再加the了試題：He talked a lot about things and personsthey remembered in the schoolB.that 定語從句中有以規(guī)定為：先行詞即有人又有物時須用thatThe way that he looks at problems is wrong。這里的that做什么成分？這里的that是關系副詞，在表明方式，時間或地點的先行詞后，常用that 來代替 in which,when或where,that也可