小學英語時態(tài)講解及練習

1、精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上小學英語語法【一】一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時基本用法介紹 一、一般現(xiàn)在時的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍色的。2.表示經常性或習慣性的動作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉。二、一般現(xiàn)在時的構成1.be動詞：肯定句：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy. 我是一個男孩。2.行為動詞：肯定句：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如：We study English.我們學習英

2、語。當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時，要在動詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。動詞+s的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,2以s. x. sh. ch. o結尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“輔音字母+y”結尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies特殊：have-has三、一般現(xiàn)在時的變化1.be動詞的變化。否定句：主語+ be + not +其它。 如：He

3、 is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑問句：Be +主語+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike?2.行為動詞的變化。否定句：主語+ don't( doesn't ) +動詞原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread.當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用doesn't構成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.一般疑問句：Do( Does ) +主語+動詞原形+其它。如：- D

4、o you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does構成一般疑問句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句？如：How does your father go to work? 一般現(xiàn)在時用法練習一、出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _ come_ watch_ plant

5、_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_ like play read wash be 二、用括號內動詞的適當形式填空。1.He often _(have) dinner at home. 2.Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3.We _(not watch) TV on Monday. 4.Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5._ they _(like) the World Cup? 6.What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7._ your parents

6、 _(read) newspapers every day? 8.The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9.She and I _(take) a walk together every evening. 10.There _(be) some water in the bottle.11.Mike _(like) cooking. 12.They _(have) the same hobby.13.My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully. 14.You always _(do) your homework w

7、ell.15.I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed. 16.She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17.Liu Tao _(do) not like PE. 18.The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19.Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term. 20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.三、按照要求改寫句子1.Daniel watches TV every evening

8、.(改為否定句)_2.I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_3.She likes milk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答)_ 4.Amy likes playing computer games.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_5.We go to school every morning.(改為否定句)_6.He speaks English very well.(改為否定句)_7.I like taking photos in the park.(對劃線部分提問)_8.John comes from Canada.(對劃線部分提問)_9.S

9、he is always a good student.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_10.Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改為否定句)_四、改錯(劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)1.Is your brother speak English? _2.Does he likes going fishing? _3.He likes play games after class. _4.Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5.She dont do her homework on Sundays. _小學英語語法【二】現(xiàn)在進行時

10、現(xiàn)在進行時1現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當前一段時間內的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。2現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定句基本結構為be+動詞ing.3現(xiàn)在進行時的否定句在be后加not。4現(xiàn)在進行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調到句首。5現(xiàn)在進行時的特殊疑問的基本結構為：疑問詞+ be + 主語 + 動詞ing?但疑問詞當主語時其結構為：疑問詞+ be + 動詞ing?標志詞：look now listen Its +點鐘動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不發(fā)音的e結尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting ,wr

11、itewriting , rideriding ,havehaving comecoming dancedancing liveliving taketaking skateskating 3如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：swimswimming beginbeginning run-running, sitsitting putputting getgetting shopshopping stop- stopping現(xiàn)在進行時練習一、寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ skate_ write_ ski_r

12、ead_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now? 5. Look . They _( have) an English lesso

13、n .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型轉換：1. They are doing housework .(分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)_2The students are cleani

14、ng the classroom . ( 改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答)_3Im playing the football in the playground .(對劃線部分進行提問)_4Tom is reading books in his study . (對劃線部分進行提問)小學英語語法【三】一般將來時一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準備做某事。句中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本結構：be going to + do；wil

15、l+ do.三、否定句：在be動詞（am, is, are）后加not或情態(tài)動詞will后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問句： be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱互換。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、對劃線部分提問。一般

16、情況，一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情況。1.問人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon.2.問干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this   afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3.問什么時候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going&

17、#160;  to bed?六、同義句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.練習：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.下個星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Mon

18、day? I _ play basketball.3.你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4.你們打算什么時候見面。What time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5.Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping.6.Ill go and join them.（改否定）I _ go _ join them.7.Im going to get up at

19、 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑問句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑問句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9.She is going to listen to music after school.（對劃線部分提問）_ _ she _ _ _ after school?10.My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)_ _

20、going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所給詞的適當形式填空。11.Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12.My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.13.Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to school by bike.14.What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watc

21、h) TV and _(catch) insects?15.Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _(watch) TV and_ (catch) insects.16.What _ (d0) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm.What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows.17.Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18.Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the play

22、ground yesterday.19.David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.20.I _ (plan) for my study now小學英語語法【四】一般過去時一、一般過去時語法介紹1一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經?；蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作感謝。2Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化：am 和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。（was not=wasnt）are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。（were not=werent）帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣

23、，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或were調到句首。3句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子   否定句：didnt +動詞原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday.   一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?   特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday? 疑問詞當主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?二、動

24、詞過去式變化規(guī)則1一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2結尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“輔音字母+y”結尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied5不規(guī)則動詞過去式：詞義現(xiàn)在（原形）過去式詞義現(xiàn)在（原形）過去式是am, is (be)was忘記forgetforgot是are (be)were得到getgot成為becomebecame給givegave開始beginbegan走gowent彎曲bendbent

25、成長growgrew吹blowblew有have, hashad買buybought聽hearheard能cancould受傷hurthurt捕捉catchcaught保持keepkept選擇choosechose知道knowknew來comecame學習learnlearned, learnt切cutcut允許，讓letlet做do, doesdid躺lielay畫drawdrew制造makemade飲drinkdrank可以maymight吃eatate意味meanmeant感覺feelfelt會見meetmet發(fā)現(xiàn)findfound必須mustmust飛flyflew放置putput讀r

26、eadread將shallshould騎、乘riderode唱歌singsang響、鳴ringrang坐下sitsat跑runran睡覺sleepslept說saysaid說speakspoke看見seesaw度過spendspent掃sweepswept三、過去時練習：寫出下列動詞的過去式isam_ fly_ plant_ are _drink_ play_ go_ make_does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_draw_ put _throw_ kick_ pass_ do  _四、Be動詞的過去時練習 Be動詞練習一（一） 用be動

27、詞的適當形式填空1. I _ at school just now.2. He _ at the camp last week.3. We _ students two years ago.4. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8.  The mobile phone _ on the sofa

28、yesterday evening.（二）句型轉換1. It was exciting. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句：_ 肯、否定回答：_2. All the students were very excited.  否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_Be動詞的過去時練習二（一）用be動詞的適當形式填空1. I _ an English teacher now. 2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month. 4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends.5. The

29、little dog _ two years old this year. 6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here.7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited.（二）句型轉換1. There was a car in front of the house just now.  否定句：_一

30、般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_肯、否定回答：_中譯英1我的故事書剛才還在手表旁邊。_2他們的外套上個星期放在臥室里了。_3一會以前花園里有兩只小鳥。_五、行為動詞的過去時 練習一（一）用行為動詞的適當形式填空1. He _ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat _ (eat) a bird last night.3. We _ (have) a party last Halloween.4. Nancy _ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I _ (make) a model ship with Mi

31、ke yesterday.6. They _ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7. My mother _ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls _ (sing) and _ (dance) at the party.（二）句型轉換1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_2. Nancy went to school early. 否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_3. We

32、 sang some English songs.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_ 行為動詞的過去時練習二（一）用be動詞的適當形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes

33、, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.（二）句型轉換1. They played football in the playground.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_漢譯英1. 格林先生去年住在中國。_2. 昨天我們參觀了

34、農場。_3. 他剛才在找他的手機。_（一）用動詞的適當形式填空1. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday.2. We all _ (have) a good time last night.3. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day.4. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday.5. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read)6. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now.

35、(play)7. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now.8. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _.9. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.10. We _ (go) to school on Sunday. 一、用動詞的適當形式填空1. It _ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White _ (go) to his office by car.2. Gao Shan _ (put) the book on hi

36、s head a moment ago.3. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean)4. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do)5. They _ (make) a kite a week ago.6. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last month. (pick)7. _ he _ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _. (water)8. She _ (be) a pretty girl

37、. Look, she _ (do) Chinese dances.9. The students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room.10.What _ Mike do on the farm? He _ cows. (milk)小學英語語法（五） （Have、Has和There be結構）一、Have、Has和There be結構1、There be結構包括there is there are there was there were2、意思都是"有"。3、和have、has、had的區(qū)別：（1）There be 句

38、型表示：在某地有某物（或人）（2）在there be 句型中，主語是單數(shù)，be 動詞用is ; 主語是復數(shù)，be 動詞用are ; 如有幾件物品，be 動詞根據(jù)最近be 動詞的那個名詞決定。即遵循就近原則。（3）there be 句型的否定句在be 動詞后加not , 一般疑問句把be 動詞調到句首。（4）there be句型與have(has) 的區(qū)別：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人擁有某物。（5）some 和any 在there be 句型中的運用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑問句。（6）and 和or 在there be句型中的

39、運用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑問句。（7）針對數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結構是： How many + 名詞復數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語？ How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 介詞短語？（8）針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結構是： What's + 介詞短語？（9）There be結構一般用在句子的開頭，而have等詞只能用于某一個主語后面。Fill in the blank with “have,has”or “there is , there are”1. I_a good father and a good mother.2

40、. _a telescope on the desk.3. He_a tape-recorder.4. _a basketball in the playground.5. She_some dresses.6. They_a nice garden.7. What do you_?8. _a reading-room in the building?9. What does Mike_?10. _any books in the bookcase?11. My father_a story-book.12. _a story-book on the table.13. _any flower

41、s in the vase?14. How many students_in the classroom?15. My parents_some nice pictures.16. _some maps on the wall.17. _a map of the world on the wall.18. David_a telescope.19. Davids friends_some tents.20. _many children on the hill.用恰當?shù)腷e動詞填空。1、There        

42、a lot of sweets in the box.2、There         some milk in the glass.3、There         some people under the the big tree.4、There         a picture and a map on the wall.5、There &#

43、160;       a box of rubbers near the books.6、There         lots of flowers in our garden last year.7、There       a tin of chicken behind the fridge yesterday.8、There      

44、;   four cups of coffee on the table.Fill   in   the   blank   with   “ have,   has ”1.   I_ a nice puppet.2.   He_a good friend.3.   They_ some masks.4.   We_some flowers.5.   She

45、_ a duck.6.   My father_ a new bike.7.   Her mother_a vase.8.   Our teacher_ an English book.9.     Our teachers_a basketball.10.   Their parents_some blankets11.   Nancy_many skirts.12.   David_some jackets.13. 

46、60; My friends_a football.14.   What do you_?15.   What does Mike_?16.   What do your friends_?17.   What does Helen_?18.   His brother_a basketball.19.   Her sister_a nice doll.20.   Miss Li_an English book. 小學英語語法復習要點1名詞可數(shù)名詞：表示可以具體個別存在的人或物?？蓴?shù)名詞有單復數(shù)形式，其單數(shù)