大學英語四級考試模擬試卷及參考答案(第一套)

1、大學英語四級考試模擬試卷與參考答案<第一套Part II Reading prehension <35 minutes>Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is foll owed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A>, B>, C> and D>. You should decide on the bes

2、t choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method o f answering theoretical questions; technology is a method

3、 of solving practical problems. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to o rganize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniq ues, and procedures for implementing th

4、e finding of science.Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progr ess in each.Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to preh end the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy and c ertainty, cannot pay attention to t

5、heir own or other people's likes or dislikesor to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover may shock or anger people-as did Darwin's theory of evolution. But even an unpleasa nt truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of refusing to beli

6、eve it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choice of14 / 14refusing to hear the sonic boom produced by a supersonic aircraft flying overhe ad; we do not have the option of refusing to breathe polluted air; and we do no t have the option of living in a non-atomic age. Unlike science pr

7、ogress, technology must be measured in terms of the human factor. The legitimate purpose of technology is to serve people in general, not merely some people; and future ge nerations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves. Technology must be humanistic if it is to lead

8、to a better world.21. The difference between science and technology lies in that.A> the former provides answers to theoretical questions while the latter to practical problemsB> the former seeks to prehend the universe while the latter helps change t he material worldC> the former aims to d

9、iscover the inter-connections of facts and the rules that explain them while the latter, to discover new designs and ways of making the things we use in our daily lifeD> all of the above22. Which of the following may be representative of science?A> The improvement of people's life. B> T

10、he theory of people's life.C> Farming tools. D> Mass production.23. According to the author, scientific theories.A> must be strictly objectiveB> usually take into consideration people's likes and dislikes C> should conform to popular opinionsD> always appear in perfect and

11、finished forms24. The author states that technology itself.A> is responsible for widespread pollution and resource exhaustion B> should serve those who wish to gain advantage for themselves C> will lead to a better world if put to wise useD> will inevitably be for bad purpose25. The tone

12、 of the author in this passage is.A> positive B> negative C> factual D> critical Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Americans have always been ambivalent in their attitudes toward education. On the one hand, free and universal public education was seen as n

13、ecessary in a democracy, for how else would citizens learn how to govern themselves in a res ponsible way? On the other hand, America was always a country that offered fina ncial opportunities for which education was not needed: on the road from rags to riches, schooling-beyond the basics of reading

14、, writing, and arithmetic-was a n unnecessary detour.Even today, it is still possible for people to achieve financial success without much education, but the number of situations in which this is possible is decreasing. In today's more plex world, the opportunities for financial succes s is clos

15、ely related to the need for education, especially higher education.Our society is rapidly being one whose chief product is information, and de aling with this information requires more and more specialized education. In ot her words, we grow up learning more and more about fewer and fewer subjects.I

16、n the future, this trend is likely to continue. Tomorrow's world will be even more plex than today's world, and, to manage this plexity, even more specia lized education will be needed.26. The topic treated in this passage is.A> education in general B> Americans' attitudes C> hi

17、gher education D> American education27. Americans' attitudes toward education have always been.A> certain B> contradictory C> ambitious D> unclear28. Today, financial success is closely related to the need for.A> higher education B> public education C> responsible citizen

18、s D> learning the basics29. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that.A> information is our only productB> education in the future will be specialized C> we are entering an age of information D> we are living in an age of information30. Which of the following is the best title

19、for the passage?A> The History of American Education. B> The Need for Specialized Education.C> The Future of the American Educational System.D> Attitudes toward American Education. Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.A growing world population and the disc

20、overies of science may alter this pa ttern of distribution in the future. As men slowly learn to master diseases, co ntrol floods, prevent famines, and stop wars, fewer people die every year; andin consequence the population of the world is steadily increasing. In 1925 ther e were about 2,000 millio

21、n people in the world; by the end of the century there may well be over 4,000 million.When numbers rise the extra mouths must be fed. New lands must be brought u nder cultivation, or land already farmed made to yield larger crops. In some areas the accessible land is so intensively cultivated that i

22、t will be difficultto make it provide more food. In some areas the population is so dense that the land is parceled out in units too tiny to allow for much improvement in farming methods. Were a large part of this farming population drawn off into industrial occupations, the land might be farmed muc

23、h more productively by modern metho ds. There is now a race for science, technology, and industry to keep the output of food rising faster than the number of people to be fed. New strains of cro ps are being developed which will thrive in unfavorable climates: there are now farms beyond the Arctic C

24、ircle in Siberia and North America; irrigation and dry-farming methods bring arid lands under the plough, dams hold back the waters of great rivers to ensure water for the fields in all seasons and to provide el ectric power for new industries; industrial chemistry provides fertilizers to suit parti

25、cular soils; aeroplanes spray crops to destroy locusts and many plant diseases. Every year some new means is devised to increase or to protect the fo od of the world.31. The author says that the world population is growing because.A> there are many rich valleys and fertile plains B> the patter

26、n of distribution is being altered C> people are living longerD> new land is being brought under cultivation32. The author says that in densely populated areas the land might be more productively farmed if.A> the plots were subdividedB> a large part of the people moved to a different par

27、t of the country C> industrial methods were used in farmingD> the units of land were made much larger33. We are told that there are now farms beyond the Arctic Circle. This has been made possible by.A> producing new strains of cropsB> irrigation and dry-farming methods C> providing fe

28、rtilizersD> destroying pests and disease34. Which of these words is nearest in meaning to the word "strains"?A> types B> sizes C> seeds D> harvests35. The author's main purpose is to.A> argue for a belief B> describe a phenomenonC> entertain D> propose a conc

29、lusion Passage Four Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies-and other creatu res-learn to do things because certain acts lead to "rewards" and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be wide

30、ly believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related tosuch basic physiological<生理的 > "drives" as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical fort, not otherwise.It is now clear that thi

31、s is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways th at produce results in the world with no reward except the successful oute.Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to "reward" the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning th e head to

32、 one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that chil

33、dren as you ng as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movem ent "switched on" a display of lights-and indeed that they were capable of lear ning quite plex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as thre

34、e turns to one side.Papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to wat ch the lights closely although they would "smile and bubble" when the display c ame on. Papousek concluded that

35、 it was not primarily the sight of the lights wh ich pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.36. According to the author, babi

36、es learn to do things which . A> are direc tly related to pleasure B> will meet their physical needsC> will bring them a feeling of success D> will satisfy their curiosity37. Papousek noticed in his studies that a baby .A> would make learned responses when it saw the milkB> would c

37、arry out learned movements when it had enough to drinkC> would continue the simple movements without being given milk D> would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink38. In Papousek's experiment babies make learned movements of the head in o rder to .A> have the light

38、s turned on B> be rewarded with milk C> please their parentsD> be praised39. The babies would "smile and bubble" at the lights because .A> the lights were directly related to some basic "drives" B> the sight of the lights was interestingC> they need not turn bac

39、k to watch the lights D> they succeeded in "switching on" the lights40. According to Papousek, the pleasure babies get in achieving something i s a reflection of .A> a basic human desire to understand and control the world B> the satisfaction of certain physiological needsC> th

40、eir strong desire to solve plex problemsD> a fundamental human urge to display their learned skills Part III Vocabulary <20 minutes>Directions: There are 30 inplete sentences in this part. For each sentencethere are four choices marked A>, B>, C> and D>. Choose the ONE answer th

41、at bes t pletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41. It's the in this country to go out and pick flower on the first day of spring.A> case B> custom C> habit D> precedent42. He didn't take the flat because

42、he couldn't afford the .A> hire B> fare C> rent D> salary43. I've made an for you to see the dentist at 5 o'clock tomorrow.A> appointment B> interview C> opportunity D> assignation44. The house was poorly built; for , the roof leaked.A> short B> certain C>

43、; one thing D> sure45. the weather is concerned, I do not think it matters.A> So long as B> So far as C> As long as D> So far46. The continuous rain set the harvesting of wheat by two weeks.A> off B> back C> down D> about47. The helicopter hovered the trees.A> in B>

44、over C> down D> up48. The mother made a shirt for the boy out of the of the cloth.A> odd and end B> odd and ends C> odds and end D> odds and ends49. Let's get this old barn. It's of no use to us.A> over B> ready C> rid of D> used to50. George's ability to le

45、arn from observations and experience greatly to h is success in public life.A> owed B> contributed C> attached D> related51. I asked him where my sister was, and he the store across the street.A> nodded B> indicated C> figured D> guessed52. They are staying with us the time b

46、eing until they find a place of thei r own.A> during B> for C> since D> in53. 100 petitors had the race.A> put their names for B> entered for C> put themselves for D> taken part54. He me by two games to one.A> beat B> conquered C> gained D> won55. They have put th

47、e bird in a cage to it from flying away.A> avoid B> prevent C> forbid D> control56. In recent years, new buildings have up like mushrooms in the city.A> jumped B> sprung C> leapt D> put57. I from among the crowd an old friend of mine whom I hadn't seen for ten years.A>

48、 figured out B> picked out C> realized D> picked over58. I thought he'd never anything, but it's turned out that I was wrong.A> arrive B> amount to C> reach for D> add to59. He managed to pay off his debts.A> anyhow or other B> anyhow or anotherC> somehow or oth

49、er D> somehow or another60. You'd better not Mr. Ganz. He may get angry.A> play a joke on B> play outC> play into the hands of D> play at61. We existed on nothing but the necessities.A> empty B> bare C> hollow D> undressed62. The seasons change, independent anyone'

50、s wishes.A> on B> to C> with D> of63. The mail was for two days because of the snowstorm.A> misled B> lost C> delayed D> damaged64. He has been absent class for quite some time.A> in B> for C> with D> from65. I owe a great deal my parents and teachers.A> to B&g

51、t; for C> toward D> of66. We must manage to do our work better with people.A> less money and few B> less money and fewer C> little money and less D> few money and less67. Mr. Black is to our English evening.A> more pleased than to e B> more pleased to e than C> more than p

52、leased to e D> more pleasing than to e68. You that car with the brakes out of order. You might have had a serious accident.A> ought to drive B> oughtn't do driveC> ought to have driven D> oughtn't to have driven69. If it for their support, we would be in a very difficult posit

53、ion.A> is not B> weren't C> was not D> be not70. If only we as we were told! This would never have happened.A> would do B> had done C> do D> did Part IV Cloze <15 minutes>Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices

54、 marked A>, B>, C> and D>. You should choose the ONE that b est fits into the passage.Everyone71of the President of the US72the most powerful man in73. But when the representatives of the 13 former British colonies _74to draw up the constitution of the new country751788,76of them were no

55、t sure whether they77to have a President at all. There were even78who79a king,80their successful war against the British king, George III. The decision was in doubt81the last moment.One group wanted82for life, while83suggested that84not be a President, because a mittee would govern the country bette

56、r; a third group 85a President86term of office would last seven years but who co uld not stand for reelection, because they were afraid he would spend his time 87votes at the next election. In the end they chose George Washington as President for four years and let him88for reelection because they t

57、rusted him. But they were89to make rules in case a future President90_ badly and these rules were used to get rid of President Nixon two hundreds y ears later.71. A> use to think B> think C> thinks D> uses to think72. A> to be B> being C> like D> as73. A> western world B> the western world C> accid