有機(jī)化學(xué)課件：第一章 緒論VIP

1、1234567C2H6OCH3CH2OHCH3OCH3乙醇乙醇二甲醚二甲醚8CH3CH2CH2CH3OCHHHH9 Na (氣氣)Na(氣氣 ) + eCl(氣氣) + eCl(氣氣)Na (氣氣 )+Cl(氣氣 )Na Cl(氣氣 )10C4 H+CHHHHCHHHHCHHCHHCCHHHHCHC HHCCH11HH+HH=122p2s1s1314150.1540.1090.1470.143CClCBrCCCC0.1770.1910.1340.120CCCHCNCO16CCCHCNCOCF347414305360485CClCBrCCCCCI33928521861183717CHHHH109

2、.5O104CO121118HHHHC lC l18HClHCl19CH3CH2CH2CH2Cl20CC+ BrBrCCBr Br21R LR + L2223HY (Y: N,O,F等等原原子子) )24H3COHOCH3H25H2O +NH3OH+HNH326CH3COOHCH3COO + H+H2SO4HSO4+ H+27ClH+OHHOHHH+ClFBFF+OCH2CH3CH2CH3FBFFOCH2CH3CH2CH3 HClCH3COOHOHCH3CH2OHLi+ Mg2+ R+ Ag+AlCl3 BF3 TiCl4 SnCl2 FeCl3 ZnCl228H2O NH3 CH3NH2 C

3、H3OH CH3OCH3XOHCNNH2RROH+ Li+ Na+ K+ Mg2+ Ca2+ Al3+BF3 AlCl3 SO3 CO2HX29RX ROTSCu+ Ag+ Hg2+ RS+Br+ I+ Br2 I2FClAcOSO42-NO3NH3 RNH2H2O HOROH ROR RO30RSHSISCNC2H4 C6H6 R HRSH RSRR3PCN31H+OHH2OH+CNHCN32有機(jī)酸特征有機(jī)酸特征含有活性氫官能團(tuán)，官能團(tuán)中含有電負(fù)性大的含有活性氫官能團(tuán)，官能團(tuán)中含有電負(fù)性大的O、N原子與氫相連。原子與氫相連。如：如：CH3COOH、ArOH、ROH有機(jī)堿特征有機(jī)堿特征含有孤電

4、子對(duì)飽和含有孤電子對(duì)飽和O、N原子官能團(tuán)。原子官能團(tuán)。如：如：+CH3CH2OCH2CH3+HICH3CH2OCH2CH3 IHCH3CH2OHH2SO4CH3CH2OH2 HSO4CH3CH2NH2CH3COOHCH3COO NH3CH2CH3.33 ROH、RNH2、RC NH2O3435CH3CH3CH3CH2CHCH2CH3CCHCH3CH2OHOHOHClSONOCHO3637H2CCH2HCCHCH3XC2H5OH,C6H5OHC2H5OC2H5CH3CHOCH3CCH3OCH3COHOCH3CNCH3NH2CH3NO2C2H5SHC6H5SO3HCCCCXOHCOCCHOCOCOHOCNNH2NO2SHSO3H38有機(jī)合成化學(xué)天然有機(jī)化學(xué)生物有機(jī)化學(xué)金屬與元素有機(jī)化學(xué)物理有機(jī)化學(xué)有機(jī)分析化學(xué)藥物化學(xué)香料化學(xué)農(nóng)藥化