中信海直機坪管理程(試用版)

1、中信海直 機坪管理程序 HC/6407-00手冊編號HC/64版次A-0發(fā)放編號 中信海直COHCRAMP PROCEDURES機坪管理程序（試用版）發(fā)布批準：批準日期：201 年 月 日 中信海直機坪管理程序COHC RAMP PROCEDURES目 錄CONTENTS內(nèi)容章節(jié)頁數(shù) 版本Contents ChapterPage Revision封面1 A-0Cover1 A-0目錄2 A-0CONTENTS手冊發(fā)放清單 2 A-0Distribution List修訂記錄 3-4 A-0Revision Records有效頁清單 5 A-0List of EffeAtive Pagaes一般

2、安全規(guī)定1 - 1.117 11 A-0GENERAL SAFETY飛機牽引程序2 2.711 12 A-0 TOWING PROCEDURES啟動/停車3 3.1212 15 A-0AIRCRAFT START-UP AND SHUTDOWN PROCEDURES發(fā)動機著火 3 - 3.5 15 16 A-0Engine Fires 漏油 3 3.6 16 A - 0Leaks加油/抽油START-UP/SHUTDOWN3 3.816 19 A-0REFUELLING/DEFUELLING具體機型加油程序4 4.4.3.115 17 A-0TYPE SPECIFIC REFUEL4 4.4.

3、3.115 17 A-0燃油沉淀檢查5 5.1.118 A-0 FUEL QUALITY CHECKS5 5.1.118 A-0飛機滑行程序6 6.518 19 A-0AIRCRAFT MOVEMENTS6 6.518 19 A-0具體機型滑行程序7 1.19 -20 A-0TYPE SPECIFIC7 119 -20 A-0MOVEMENTS1.一般安全規(guī)定GENERAL SAFETY1.1 操作區(qū)域1.1 Manoeuvring Area1.1.1 禁止煙火。1.1.1 No smoking or naked flames allowed.1.1.2 始終在飛行員的視野范圍內(nèi)接近運轉(zhuǎn)中的飛

4、機 。1.1.2 Always approach Helicopters with rotors turning in view of the Pilot. NOTE: Do not approach or depart ANY helicopter to the front. 注意: 不要接近或穿越飛機前面。1.1.3 保持停機坪和附近周圍區(qū)域的清潔，例如碎片和其他容易被旋翼氣流吹起的物件。1.1.3 The landing area and adjacent areas are to be kept clear of debris and any other items likely to

5、 be blown around by rotor down-draught.1.1.4 工作證要放在口袋里并扣好，不要掛在衣服外避免造成干擾。 1.1.4 Security ID cards are not to be worn whilst on the manoeuvring area, but should be securely stowed away in a pocket. 1.1.5 所有的車輛必須由中信海直的員工進行操作。1.1.5 All vehicle movements are to be controlled by a COHC Helicopters employe

6、e. 1.1.6飛機滑行、啟動、試車時，確保無關(guān)人員、車輛不得靠近受影響區(qū)域。1.1.6 When the aircraft is taxiing, starting, commissioning, ensure unrelated persons, vehicles should not be near the affected area.1.2 車輛1.2 Vehicles1.2.1 禁止把車輛放在無人看管的地方或在機場以超過15公里的速度行駛。 1.2.1 No vehicle shall be left unattended or exceed the speed of 15 KPH

7、while moving on the Ramp Area.1.2.2 禁止駕駛車輛通過準備起飛或降落的飛機。1.2.2 No vehicle shall move on the Ramp Area during take-off and landing or while engine/rotors turning. 1.3.3任何時候，禁止駕駛車輛駛?cè)牖信艿?.3.3At any time, banned from driving vehicles on the runway1.3飛機1.3 Aircraft:1.3.1盡量把飛機停放在機頭迎風(fēng)方向的位置上。1.3.1 Should alw

8、ays be positioned facing into the wind for starting whenever possible. 1.3.2飛機停放好后，必須確認剎車剎上，輪擋到位。 1.3.2 When aircraft is parked, must confirm brake, and the chocks is in place.1.3.3飛機停放好后，尤其在陰雨天，必須確保關(guān)好艙門、艙蓋、堵好各種罩蓋和堵頭。 1.3.3After the plane parked, especially in the rainy days, must ensure that closed

9、 door, hatch, blocking all sorts of cover and plug. 1.3.4飛機停放位置需充分考慮其他飛機試車、滑行產(chǎn)生氣流不會對其造成影響。 1.3.4 Aircraft parking positions need to take full account of other aircraft testing, taxiing produce air flow does not affect them. 1.4 地面電源設(shè)備1.4 Ground Power Units1.4.1 地面電源在不使用時要和飛機斷開，在飛機旁邊停放時要剎車并放輪擋。1.4.1

10、Ground Power Units must be unplugged from all aircraftwhen not in use.They may still be left parked adjacent to theready for future use, with the brakes fully applied and wheelchocks in place. 1.5 指揮飛機1.5 Marshalling 1.5.1在飛機到達前到達停放場地，檢查滑行路線和停機場地，移去障礙物。 1.5.1 Before the arrival of aircraft, check th

11、e taxi route and stop sites, removal of obstacles.1.5.2 只能使用國際通用的指揮手勢。1.5.2 International Marshalling signals must be used at all times.1.5.3 在日間使用手或指揮棒。1.5.3 During DAYLIGHT - Hands or Wands must beused.1.5.4在夜間要使用發(fā)光的指揮棒。1.5.4 During DARKNESS - Illuminated Wands must be used.1.5.5飛機進入機坪時，指揮信號和引導(dǎo)標示線

12、應(yīng)清晰詳細。指揮員應(yīng)該依照飛行員的要求指揮飛機離開停機坪。1.5.5Marshalls will be detailed whenever necessary to Marshall aircraft entering the ramp area. Crew shall Marshall aircraft away from the ramp area as requested by Pilot.1.6 滅火瓶警戒1.6 Fire Fighting 1.6.1 當每次飛機啟動時，對應(yīng)各種機型的滅火瓶要放在規(guī)定的位上。1.6.1 Fire Extinguishers for various ty

13、pes ofAircraft are provided on the ramp theseMust be positioned by the aircraft prior to every start-up.1.6.2 所有外場工作人員必須要熟悉操作滅火瓶。1.6.2 All Ramp Personnel must be familiar with their operation.1.6.3 滅火瓶要每天進行檢查并每12個月由有資質(zhì)的協(xié)議單位檢查。1.6.3 Fire Extinguishers shall be checked daily and are inspected at 12 mo

14、nth intervals Normally by Contract Companies.1.7 航線放行人員的職責(zé)1.7 Line Engineers are Responsible for：1.7.1 確保所有的油車/地面設(shè)備在不使用時停放在規(guī)定的地方。1.7.1 Ensuring that all Refuelling/GroundEquipment when not in use is placed in the areas marked out for this purpose.1.7.2 確保所有的地面設(shè)備固定好避免受旋翼氣流或大風(fēng)影 響而造成移動。 1.7.2 Ensuring

15、all ground equipment is secured against movement due to rotor Downdraught or wind conditions.1.7.3 當各種地面設(shè)備例如電源車，行李車，沖洗發(fā)動機車等停放在飛機旁邊時要確保其已剎車并放置好輪擋。1.7.3 Ensuring the wheel brakes and wheel chocks of ground equipment, i.e. power supplies, baggage trolleys, engine wash rigs, etc are applied or in place

16、when they are near helicopters.1.7.4飛機最終滑出時，評估飛機滑出路徑，注意可能出現(xiàn)的危險及障礙物1.7.4When the plane finally slide, slide path assess aircraft, watch out for hazards and obstacles that may arise1.8 飛機系留和保護1.8 Covering and Security:1.8.1 機械師負責(zé)套上或取走旋翼套，機身套，各種堵蓋和尾槳固定插銷 注意：這是飛行員飛行前取走所有這些物品的最終職責(zé)。1.8.1 Engineering is re

17、sponsible for fitting and removing of Blade Socks, Aircraft Covers, Blanks and Tail Rotor Gust Locks. NOTE: It is the ultimate responsibility of the pilot to ensure that these items are removed prior to start-up. 1.8.2 由當班隊長來決定哪架飛機需要系留過夜停放。1.8.2 The Shift Supervisor shall decide which aircraft requi

18、re securing for overnight parking.1.8.3 機械員應(yīng)在機械師的監(jiān)管下協(xié)助系留飛機，尾槳固定插銷應(yīng)由機械師負責(zé)安裝。1.8.3 Labourers under Engineering supervision shall help to secure the aircraft. GUSTLOCKS shall only be fitted by Engineers.1.9 地面電源的使用1.9 Use of External Power1.9.1 當飛機啟動，抽油和打開客艙燈進行清潔時如有可能要盡量使用地面電源。1.9.1 External power shou

19、ld be used, if possible, for start-ups, also for defueling requirements and cabin clearing operations when cabin lights are required. 1.9.2使用前，確認設(shè)備接頭完好無損，并沒有影響使用的積水、油跡和雜物1.9.2 Before use, make sure the device connector intact and there is no water, traces of oil and debris in it. 1.9.3在使用完地面電源、氣源后，特

20、別是在雨天，必須及時蓋上電源車、氣源車插頭護套和關(guān)閉飛機端插座蓋板。 1.9.3 After have finished using ground power, especially in the rain, the plug must be promptly covered sheath device on and off aircraft end outlet cover. 1.10 車輛駕駛 1.10 Carriage of Personnel1.10.1 外場牽引車: 只允許駕駛員一人乘坐，如工作需要可載一人，但該乘員的安全必須得到保證（如：護欄等）。 駕駛員全權(quán)負責(zé)使用牽引車時所要進

21、行的操作. 所造成的一切后果由駕駛員一人承擔。1.10.1 RAMP TRACTORS: Only the driver is allowed on the tractor. The driver of the tractor is TOTALLY responsible for ensuring this requirement is complied with. Failure to comply will result in action being taken against that person responsible. 1.10.2外場牽引車在夜晚行駛時應(yīng)注意行車燈光使用，并且盡

22、量避免在夜航飛機降落滑行過程中使用車輛或牽引飛機。 1.10.2Outfield tractor driving at night should pay attention to the use of traffic lights, and try to avoid at night during taxiing the plane landed using a vehicle or towing aircraft.1.11叉車操作1.11 Fork Lift Trucks1.11.1 只有經(jīng)過培訓(xùn)并獲得公司授權(quán)的人員可以駕駛叉車. 嚴禁用叉車以任何形式或方法來運輸人員. 只有裝上可站人的貨斗

23、時才允許人員在上面站立. 當運輸時需要人員協(xié)助固定貨物時，必須站立在貨斗里. 叉車駕駛員全權(quán)負責(zé)使用叉車時所要進行的操作. 所造成的一切后果由駕駛員一人承擔。1.11.1 Only qualified persons nominated by the Chief Engineer may drive a company Fork Lift. The carriage in any form or manner of persons on forklift is strictly forbidden. The only time a person may stand on a forklift

24、is when an approved platform is fitted. Where equipment is carried which requires physical support then the persons involved MUST walk beside the forklift. The driver of the forklift is TOTALLY responsible for ensuring this requirement is complied with. Failure to comply will result in action being

25、taken against that person responsible.2飛機牽引程序 概述 (更多操作程序參考第七節(jié)和機務(wù)工作程序手冊HC/6404-22)TOWING PROCEDURES GENERAL (Refer to section seven- aircraft type for further instructions and Engineering working procedure manual HC/6404-22).2.X牽引前檢查Check Before Towing 2.X.1牽引車必須處于良好的工作狀態(tài)，并確認剎車性能良好。 2.X.1 Tractor mus

26、t be in good working condition, and confirmed good braking performance. 2.X.2牽引航空器用的牽引桿必須有安全銷(剪切銷)，以保證在拖推過程中出現(xiàn)超負荷時航空器不受到損壞，并且牽引桿要專人定期檢查、確保牽引桿的完好性。2.X.2 Tow bar for aircraft must have a safety pin. Someone shouldcheck it regularly.2.X.3 牽引飛機前，牽引車駕駛員需關(guān)注飛機周圍警戒人員動態(tài)，防止出現(xiàn)溝通不暢，造成飛機碰撞或碾壓警戒及周圍人員。 2.X.3 Befor

27、e towing aircraft, tractor driver alert staff to be concerned about moving around the aircraft to prevent miscommunication caused the plane crash or rolling around and alert staff.2.1 牽引人員2.1 Towing Team2.1.1在停機坪、滑行道、機庫、飛機清洗區(qū)等牽引飛機時，應(yīng)有監(jiān)護人，監(jiān)護人員的數(shù)量和位置應(yīng)根據(jù)飛機的牽引路線、區(qū)域的復(fù)雜情況、能見度、飛機的停放密度等情況決定。2.1.1When towing

28、 in the ramp, taxiway, hangar, aircraft cleaning zone, the guardian should be in place, the number of the guardian should be based on the location of the aircraft 、 the towing route、the complexities of the region、visibility、aircraft parking density circumstances.2.1.2 每當牽引飛機時必須告知當班機械師。2.1.2 The Shif

29、t Supervisor must be informed before any towing operations take place.2.1.3 被指定的牽引車駕駛員負責(zé)整個飛機牽引過程的指揮. 他要確保在每次牽引飛機時所有的警戒人員都在位. 在每次牽引飛機前要告知每個人所擔負的責(zé)任。2.1.3 The Tractor Driver is designated as the commander of the towing team. He is to ensure that all team members are in place before any towing operation

30、s take place. He is to brief all team members of their responsibilities before any towing operations take place.2.1.4 牽引車駕駛員要確保牽引飛機時所經(jīng)過的路線沒有任何的障礙物，要時刻確保每個警戒員都在自己的視野范圍內(nèi)。2.1.4 The Tractor Driver is to ensure that the route is clear of all obstructions and that he maintains visual contact with the obst

31、acle clearance lookout.2.2 牽引路線2.2 Towing Route2.2.1 牽引車駕駛員要準確地按照地面上的黃色線路來行駛 。 牽引飛機時千萬不要超越黃色停止線.有機輪的直升機停其前輪不要超越黃色停止線. 滑撬式直升機停其前橫臂不要超越黃色停止線。2.2.1 The Tractor Driver must accurately follow the Yellow Main Gear Towing Lines. The Tractor Driver must never tow any aircraft further than the Yellow Stop Li

32、ne. In the case of wheeled aircraft this means the Front Main Landing Gear. In the case of the un-wheeled this means the Front Cross Tube.2.3 拐彎角度2.3 Towing Angle2.3.1 不要以超過牽引杠和飛機中線的夾角90度來開始牽引飛機。2.3.1 No tow shall be started with the towing arm at an angle of more than 90o from the centre line of th

33、e aircraft.2.4 牽引速度2.4 Towing Speed2.4.1 當遇上惡劣天氣時要減速; 大風(fēng)大雨和沙塵天氣都會容易造成事故所以要特別的小心。2.4.1 Must be reduced in inclement weather; high winds, rain and grit can be a potential hazard and must be observed as such.2.5 通過狹窄路段 2.5 Towing in Confined Space2.5.1 當要通過狹窄危險的路段時，隊長要在場并親自指揮。2.5.1 The Shift Supervisor

34、 must be present when any towing operations are being conducted in confined spaces.2.6 牽引飛機2.6 Towing the Aircraft2.6.1 當牽引沒有負載的飛機時牽引車駕駛員要特別地小心，任何失誤都會對起落架造成嚴重的損傷。2.6.1 The tractor driver must exercise extreme care when taking the initial weight of the aircraft being towed. Failure to do so can resul

35、t in extreme damage being caused to the landing gear.2.7 夜間牽引2.7 Darkness2.7.1 在夜間牽引飛機時要同時打開飛機的位置燈和防撞燈。2.7.1 When towing in darkness no aircraft is to be moved without first switching on the Position Lights and Anti-Collision Lights.3.飛機起動和停車程序3.AIRCRAFT START-UP AND SHUTDOWN PROCEDURES3.1 概述3.1 Gen

36、eral 3.1.1 所有飛機應(yīng)當按照以下詳細的操作程序來監(jiān)控飛機的起動關(guān)車。 3.1.1 All aircraft shall be monitored on start and shutdown as detailed in these procedures.3.1.2 自起動是指飛機可以使用機載空中電瓶或APU來進行起動3.1.2 An internal start is when an aircraft uses its own internal batteries or integral auxiliary power unit (APU).3.1.3 在飛機起動或關(guān)車過程中，旋轉(zhuǎn)中

37、的主旋翼會由于的大風(fēng)的原因上下擺動，其往下擺動的幅度足以達到人的高度以下。因此，在啟動或關(guān)車時，除了必要的地面人員以外，其他人應(yīng)當站在旋翼的旋轉(zhuǎn)平面之外3.1.3 Blade sailing is a condition which happens to helicopter in very high winds during the rotor engage cycle at start-up or when shutting the rotor down. In these conditions the main rotor blades can flap to within the he

38、ight of a human being. Start crew will remain as close to helicopter as possible. ALL PERSONNEL OTHER THAN START-CREW SHALL REMAIN OUTSIDE the disc area of all helicopters during all start-up and shutdowns.3.1.4 地面輔助電源設(shè)備（APU）要放在旋翼的旋轉(zhuǎn)平面之外。3.1.4 External Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) will be positioned o

39、utside the sweep of the main rotor disc.3.2 強風(fēng)起動3.2 High Winds3.2.1 飛機應(yīng)當在迎風(fēng)的方向進行關(guān)車3.2.1 Helicopters should be shut-down facing into the wind.3.2.2 當發(fā)動機起動時，在發(fā)動機進氣道區(qū)域和旋翼的旋轉(zhuǎn)平面范圍內(nèi)，應(yīng)當收好所有掛在衣服上的松動的物品（如：帽子）。3.2.2 Loose articles of clothing (e.g. hats) are not to be worn in the area of Engine Intakes or rot

40、or disk area when engines are turning or about to be started.3.3起動程序3.3 Start Procedures3.3.1 在指定的地方放置好滅火瓶。3.3.1 Place fire extinguisher into position - hose uncoiled.3.3.2 插上地面電源并按飛行員的指示打開開關(guān)。3.3.2 Plug in external power and switch on at pilots command.3.3.3 飛行員會在擋風(fēng)玻璃前給出一個手指或兩個手指來指示要啟動的發(fā)動機，并要求檢查起動時周

41、圍無障礙物。注意: 在單數(shù)日起動一發(fā)，在雙數(shù)日起動二發(fā)3.3.3 Pilot will request clearance for start-up by indicating which engine by holding up one or two fingers with the hand held in the vertical position close to the windscreen.NOTE: No.1 Engine starts first on odd dates, No.2 Engine on even dates.3.3.4 地面人員會在確認飛機周圍無障礙物后給出一

42、個手指或兩個手指的起動手勢。3.3.4 Ground crew will check area around aircraft is clear of debris and personnel. If clear will give the signal to start by holding up one or two fingers as applicable.3.3.5 在成功完成啟動周期后，飛行員會用兩只手給出一個斷開的手勢來要求斷開地面電源3.3.5 On completion of the start cycle the Pilot will request external po

43、wer to be removed by making a breaking action with both hands.3.3.6 地面人員會給出一個“大拇指”的回應(yīng)手勢，然后斷開地面電源并防好在與飛機保持安全距離的地方。3.3.6 Ground crew acknowledges with a “thumbs up”, then removes the external power supply and secures it at a safe distance.3.3.7 在完成相關(guān)檢查后，飛行員會要求起動另一臺發(fā)動機，地面人員會在確認周圍安全后給出一個同樣的回應(yīng)手勢。3.3.7 Af

44、ter necessary checks have been completed the Pilot will request clearance to start the other engine, if area is still clear, the ground crew will give the signal to start in the same manner as the other engine.3.3.8 當飛行員準備好后給出一個移開輪擋的手勢。3.3.8 When ready the Pilot will signal chocks away (wheeled airc

45、raft only) by waving both hands across each other.3.3.9 當?shù)孛嫒藛T移開輪擋后會給出一個“大拇指”回應(yīng)手勢 。 3.3.9 Ground crew removes chocks and reply with the same signal and thumbs up.3.3.10 當飛行員完成所有的系統(tǒng)檢查后會給出一個“大拇指”的手勢來確認飛機可以滑行或起飛。3.3.10 Pilot will give thumbs up indication that all system checks have been completed and t

46、he aircraft is ready to lift / taxi. 3.3.11 地面人員會在飛機滑行或起飛前把滅火瓶移到安全的地方。3.3.11 Ground crew will remove the fire extinguisher to a safe distance before lift / taxi.3.3.12 地面人員會站在一個安全的地方給出一個最后“大拇指”手勢以告知飛行員可以安全地起飛了。如果有任何對安全造成影響的情況出現(xiàn)，飛行員會給出一個“切喉”的手勢并關(guān)車3.3.12 The ground crew may depart to a safe distance,

47、providing the Pilot with a final “Thumbs Up” indicating the aircraft is clear to lift. If any of the procedures become unsafe for any reason, the Pilot should be advised to shut down by making a signal of a cutting action across the throat.3.3.12 夜間起動: 跟日間起動的程序是一樣的。(如果有需要，可以用發(fā)光的指揮棒或火把來指揮).3.3.12 Nig

48、ht Start Up: Procedures are the same as daytime.(Handler will acknowledge the Pilots signals by means of illuminated wands or torch if required).3.3.13 濕起動: 這是由于上次起動不成功，沒完全燃燒的余油積聚在尾噴管上所造成的，當下次起動時，余油就會在尾口上燃燒并冒出火焰使尾噴管后面和下面部分的機身遭到火燒。當出現(xiàn)這種情況時，正常情況下飛行員會選擇起動另一臺發(fā)動機，轉(zhuǎn)而嘗試再次起動上一臺發(fā)動機，如果嘗試失敗，則通知負責(zé)的機械師。3.3.13 We

49、t Start: These are caused by residual fuel being left in the Turbine/Exhaust area of an engine after failure to reach a full ignition cycle. Where this happens and the next start is successful, the residual fuel sometimes ignites and burning fuel is blown out of the exhaust. This can result in burning fuel running down the fuselage below or aft of the exhaust duct. Where a start fails the Pilot will normally elect to start the other engine, then return to the failed engine for a second attempt. Should th