必修五unit1知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、l.have1) have sb/sth do sth讓某大/物做某事 賓語(yǔ)sb/sth和賓補(bǔ)do之間為主動(dòng).如： Mum often has me help do some housework.2) have sb/sth doing sth讓某人7物一直/總是做某事"賓語(yǔ)sb/sth和賓補(bǔ)do之間 為主動(dòng)，且強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作一直進(jìn)行J如： Don't have the machine working all the time.3) have sb/sth done讓某人/物被賓語(yǔ)sb/sth和賓補(bǔ)do之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系.如：I had my hair cut yesterday.2.

2、get1) get sb/sth to do sth使得某'人/物去做某事"賓語(yǔ)sb/sth和賓補(bǔ)do之間為主動(dòng) 關(guān)系，且動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生.如：Can you get us to do the experiment?你能讓我們做這個(gè)試驗(yàn)嗎？"賓語(yǔ)sb/sth和賓補(bǔ)do之間是主2) get sb/sth doing sth 卡 動(dòng)關(guān)系，且動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生.如：He has got the car starting.3) get sb/sth done使得某人/物被賓語(yǔ)sb/sth和賓補(bǔ)do之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系.如：I must get my bike repaired.3.make

3、make sb/sth do sth使得某人/物做某事"賓語(yǔ)sb/sth和賓補(bǔ)do之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系. 如：His joke made us all laugh.Unit 1 Great scientists1. (v.瀚查 (inspect, check)2. (vt.& vi.) 推斷出，結(jié)束析席露分出暴3 4 5 6(n. analysis)打?。粦?zhàn)勝，使受挫；失敗 (beat)、，, 揭露，使曝光(uncover,unmask, undress,reveal ) (vt.& n.)治愈，治療；痊愈(v.)控制 (vt.)吸收，吸引；使專心(vt.& n)

4、責(zé)備，譴責(zé)；過(guò)失，責(zé)備 (criticize, scold,accuse 反 praise)6 .17.,護(hù)理，照顧，參加(adv.)立即(n.& v.) 把手；處理，操縱(deal with)(vt.& vi.)貢獻(xiàn)，捐獻(xiàn)，捐助(v.)完成(finish)(vt.) 拒絕，拋棄，不接受(refuse/ abandon)(n.)特征，特性(adj.) 嚴(yán)重的(serious),嚴(yán)厲的，劇烈的18. (adj.) 積極的，肯定的，確實(shí)的 (同active/ optimistic/supportive) (反 negative, p

5、assive/pessimistic/opposed/object to)19. (adj.)熱情的，熱心的(n. enthusiasm)20. (adj.) 小心的，謹(jǐn)慎的(n. caution) (be about)1 .得出結(jié)論2 .提出3 .另外，除了4 .應(yīng)受到責(zé)備5 .對(duì)嚴(yán)格的6 .將和聯(lián)系或連接起來(lái)7 .導(dǎo)致8 .講得通，有意義9 .使顯露，暴露10 .有助于，導(dǎo)致11 .全神貫注于1. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak . (5th line)此處every t

6、ime引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于 whenever,指每當(dāng)狀元橋P116-117)可作連詞用的名詞詞組1, The +舜間名詞(instant, minute , moment)2, The 擰數(shù)詞(first,second)+ time,3,不定代詞(each,every, any)+ time4, The day (week,month, year,)此外，有些副詞，如 directly, instantly, immediately也可引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，意為.就.”Exercise :1 .to his hometown四次他回至U家鄉(xiāng)) ,he w川 visit his teacher. (

7、come)2. (第一次我見(jiàn)到她), I fell in love with her.(see)3. 你一按 按鈕),the machine w川start.(moment)4. He visited his old friend他到達(dá)的那一天) (arrive)5. He turned on the TV 一回到家) (immediately)關(guān)于time的其他用法：1.for the first time是介詞短語(yǔ)，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，而the first time是連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間 狀語(yǔ)從句如：I met him in the party for the first time.2.It/This/

8、That is/was the first time that如果用is,則從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，如果用was,則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)如： It is the first time that (我來(lái)到中國(guó))It was the first time that (我見(jiàn)到他)3.1 t is (high/about time) that 從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)如： It is high time that (我們采取措施)to protect ourenviroment.(measure) measure)2.It seemed that the water was to blame.(25th line)表達(dá) “

9、好像，似乎”的句型It seems/appears thatIt seems /appears/looks as if.(真實(shí)./虛擬)Sb/sth seems/appears to do/be sb/sth seems/appears +adj/n.保表結(jié)構(gòu))Exercise:他似乎很聰明1, he is clever.He .He .2,It seems as if 天要下雨了) (.3,It seemed as if the pen (斷了) _ when we put it in the water ，but actually it wasn t.(break)(2012 湖北真題)4

10、,Things aren t always( _a_ppear) .事情往往不是它們看上去那樣。4,Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. (5th line)Neithernor既不 也不 謂語(yǔ)遵循就近原則，類似的還有：eitheror Not onlybut also, notbut, There be,neither /nor 為否定詞，置于句首時(shí)句子要部分倒裝Exercise : 狀元橋(P116)5,If you don t take part in the meeting,我也不參加) _ (.(neither)6,In fac

11、t, I didn ktnow his total income. 我也不在乎)(how his money was spent. (neither)7,Neither the players nor the coachvictory,whichmay be thereason for their loss.(confident).8,A woman, who, liked the water from the pump so much that shehad it delivered to her house every day.(42nd line)So/ such that 如此 以致于

12、 So/such 置于句首時(shí)要用部分倒裝如： (這個(gè)地方如此美麗)that I would never forget it.(beautiful) have sth done :讓某事被做或表示遭遇如： 1.where is your computer?我送去修了）（in the computer shop.（repair）2, 我的錢(qián)包被偷了。（steal）John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. （46th line）常用 （ should） + do 在名詞性從句中構(gòu)成虛擬語(yǔ)氣的動(dòng)

13、詞一堅(jiān)持：insist二命令： order , command三建議：advise, suggest, propose四要求：request, require, demand , desire ,（ urge ）如： 1. The teacher requested that all the exam papers（ 上交） tomorrow.（ hand）It was advised that （他保持健康的飲食）long time ago , but he didn t listen . （keep）1. conclude vt.& vi.斷定，推斷；使結(jié)束，終止；達(dá)成，締結(jié)（co

14、n全部+clude - 全部關(guān)掉-結(jié)論）include v包括（in進(jìn)入+clude進(jìn)去包括）2. conclusion n. 結(jié)束，結(jié)論3. in conclusion 最后，總之=in a word=in short/brief4. arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion 得出結(jié)論5. come to the conclusion that所得結(jié)論是 1 .Richardsonfrom his studies that gender equality is still a long way off. （狀元橋P114）A accounted B

15、concludedC resultedD confirmed2 . the earthquake led to the great disaster in Japan.（conclude）（狀元橋P114）結(jié)論是那次地震造成了日本的巨大災(zāi)難。2. defeat vt. 打??；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫n. 失敗.（de去掉+ feat功績(jī)-打?。钤獦騊114） de-表示"去掉，變壞，離開(kāi)，變慢，向下”等destruction 破壞（de+struct 結(jié)構(gòu)；建造 + ion壞結(jié)構(gòu)破壞）=destroydesalt除去鹽分（de+salt鹽去掉鹽分）dehydration 脫水 （de + h

16、ydration 水分-脫水）deforest砍伐森林（de+forest森林去掉森林）devalue降低價(jià)值（de+value價(jià)值-去掉價(jià)值）depress 壓制，壓抑（de+press 壓向下壓壓制）decode破譯（de+code密碼-去掉密碼）defame誹謗，中傷（de+fame名聲名聲變壞-誹謗）1,Before I do the experiment,the problemmeWhether I should turn to Bob for help because he made some experimental mistakes,nearly leading to a fi

17、re last time. 狀元橋（P114）A overcame B defeatedC removed D conquered,3. expose vt. 暴露，揭露，使曝光，使面臨ex- 表示”出，出去 " expose#露(ex+pose 放放出去暴露)exclude 排外 (ex+clude 關(guān)閉關(guān)出去排外)exhale 呼氣(ex+hale 氣出氣呼氣)(1)expose sth./sb./oneself (to.)顯露或暴露某事物/某人/某人自己(2)exposed adj.倩地方)無(wú)遮蔽的；不遮擋風(fēng)雨的be exposed to 暴露于 1,-why are you

18、so angry with me?You are acuallyyour little boy to possible dangers by letting him play football in the street.A devotingC applyingB relatingD exposing2,We want tothe kids to as much art and culture as possible.A causeB attachC exposeD link(狀元橋P114)3 skin.( expose)暴露于陽(yáng)光下)(for too long will do harm t

19、o your4 (expose)暴露于陽(yáng)光下)(for too long, his skin got burnt.4. attend vt. 出席，照顧，護(hù)理，參加(1)attend a meeting 參加會(huì)議attend school/class 上學(xué)/上課attend a lecture /a movie 聽(tīng)演講/看電影attend to 處理；注意傾聽(tīng)，專心于；照料attendance n.出席，到場(chǎng)；出席人數(shù)Exercise :I may be late I have got one or two things to 要處理()attend， join， take part in/

20、participate in(1)attend 一般指參加會(huì)議、婚禮等；也可指上學(xué)、聽(tīng)報(bào)告等。Mr.Wang attended our class meeting.王老師參加了我們的班會(huì)。(2)join 通常指加入某個(gè)組織，成為其中的一員；或用于句型join sb.in doing sth.表示參與某項(xiàng)正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)。He joined the Party in 1950.他在 1950 年入了黨。(成為一名黨員)(3)take part in / participate in 常指參加一些群體性的、大型的、嚴(yán)肅的活動(dòng)或體育活動(dòng)。She was invited to take part in

21、a TV debate. 她被邀請(qǐng)參加一場(chǎng)電視辯論。5. blame vt.責(zé)備；譴責(zé)；把歸咎于n.過(guò)失；責(zé)備(1)blame sb.for sth.因某事而責(zé)備某人blame sth.on sb把某事怪到某人頭上be to blame (for) 應(yīng)受責(zé)備(2)get/accept/bear/take the blame for對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)lay/put the blame for sth.on sb.把某事歸咎于某人身上1,The judge laid the for the accident on the driver of the car.A wrongb blameC mistaked p

22、unishment2 . It is you,including your cousin,應(yīng)受到責(zé)備)(for the lossof the golden chance.3 .Never before his mistakes, but this time it is very serious.之前我從未因他的錯(cuò)誤而責(zé)備他，但這次錯(cuò)誤太嚴(yán)重了。6. absorb vt. 吸引，吸收，使專心于ab-,abs-W示"相反，變壞，離去”absorb吸收（ab+sorb吸收吸收掉）abnormal反常的（ab+normal正常的反常的）abuse濫用（ab+use用用壞濫用）absent缺席

23、的（ab+sent出現(xiàn)沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)缺席的）abstract抽象的；心不在焉的（abs+tract拉拉開(kāi)抽象的心不在焉）（1）be absorbed in doing sth專心做某事be buried/occupied/caught/trapped/located inabsorbinto把 吸收進(jìn)absorbed adj全神貫注的，一心一意的absorbent adj.可吸收的，容易被吸收的Exercise :專心于他的工作）（, he didn nt otice I was coming.（ absorb）7. contribute vt.& vi. 捐款；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助Con-前綴表示全

24、部contribute（ con-tribute貢金，貢物貢獻(xiàn)）conclude結(jié)束；總結(jié)（con+clude關(guān)閉-全部關(guān)閉結(jié)束）confirm 堅(jiān)定；證實(shí)（con+firm 堅(jiān)定 ）condense凝結(jié)；濃縮（con+dense濃密的）consolidate 9L0,加強(qiáng)（con+solid 堅(jiān)固+ate-9L固，加強(qiáng)）Conflict沖突（con+flict打一起打斗沖突）（1）contribute.to把貢獻(xiàn)給contribute to導(dǎo)致 ；向投稿；有助于 （2）contribution n 貢獻(xiàn)；捐款；稿件make a contribution to （介詞）對(duì)作出貢獻(xiàn)make ac

25、hievements toProper rest and enough sleep to good health.A appealB applyC contributeD accustom2.Many people contributed money to the poor boy ， which(contribute)許多人給這個(gè)可憐的小男孩捐錢(qián),使他重新回到了校園4. cure n.治愈；痊愈 vt. 治愈；治療；解決Cure a patient/ a disease 治愈病人、疾病cure sb. of 治愈某人的疾??；矯正某人的不良行為a cure for sth. 治療的方法；對(duì)策1

26、,It is lucky that the doctor has the pain in my shoulder. I can do everythingnow.A endedB restoredC preventedD cured辨析cure/treat/heal/recover(1)cure意為 治療；治愈”，多用于用藥物治療并治愈某種疾病或改正不良習(xí)氣。That pill cured my headache 那藥治好了 我的頭疼。(2)treat 為日常用語(yǔ)，意為“治療；醫(yī)治”，指治療病人的全過(guò)程或活動(dòng)。(3)heal 意為 “治愈(傷口); 醫(yī)治 ”，指治好外傷或燒傷后的患部，使傷口愈

27、合，不用于治療感冒等疾病。The wound on my arm has heale映胳膊上的傷已治好了。recover意為 痊愈；復(fù)原”，主要是指從病中痊愈，常與from連用。He's now fully recovered from his bad cold.他現(xiàn)在已從重感冒完全康復(fù)了。9. put forward 提出 (come up ), 建議； 推薦； 將提前(狀元橋P115)put aside 節(jié)省，儲(chǔ)蓄，儲(chǔ)存put away 放好，積蓄put back 放回，撥回put down 記下，鎮(zhèn)壓 鎮(zhèn)壓put in 放入，加進(jìn)put off 延期，推遲(delay)Put o

28、n 穿上，上演Put out 撲滅，熄滅，出版Put up 舉起，張貼，公布，搭建，掛起Put up with= stand / bear / tolerate 忍受put through 接通電話1 .-Why is he feeling down today?-Because the suggestion he has been turned down.A put out B put offC put down D put forward2 . The citizens expect some new plans提出）by the localauthorities to solve the

29、 problems of traffic jam. （put）第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分 45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題 卡上將該題涂黑。It always seems that having traditions is a good thing. They create 41 that will last a lifetime. So when our children, David and Darla, were preschoolers we started a fam

30、ily Christmas 42 . It was our tree -trimming （裝飾）party and it would be complete with eggnog （蛋奶酒） and pfeffern u sse cookies.The kids were 43 as we pulled the freshly-cut tree into the house. It smelled so good. We would turn on the Christmas 44 and the tree trimming would begin.Our hearts seemed to

31、 45 to the rhythm of the Christmas songs. The kids 'eyes twinkled with excitement. It was a heartwarming 46 . When finished, we would sit enjoying the eggnog and pfeffernu sse cookies.Years later, when my daughter, Darla, was home from college, she 47 to help trim the tree. I was so 48 .Before w

32、e 49 it, the tree trimming was finished. It was a beautiful tree and its 50smell filled the room. As we had done every year before, I brought out the eggnog and the pfeffern u sse cookies for our traditional 51.Then, amidst the laughter, Darla suddenly got very 52 and said she had something to tell

33、me. From her 53 and body language, I knew she was 54 it.She sat down next to me. Then very 55 and caringly, Darla looked at me in the eye and said, “ Mom, I ' 5ve liked pfeffern u sse cookies. ”Then I realized the absolute importance of what she had just said. W hy didn ' t she ever tell me?

34、 In all those childhood years, rather than 57 Mom s feelings and spoil Mom s tradition, she had endured the cookies 58 . From a child ' s heart, year after year after year she had given me the gift of 59 !My daughter taught me a very important lesson in life: The best60 aren ' t alwaysfound

35、under the Christmas tree.41. A. wondersB. situationsC. memoriesD.interests42. A. partyB. meetingC. habitD.tradition43. A. excitedB. curiousC. helpfulD. naughty44. A. lightsB.songsC. channelsD.programmes45. A. appealB.speakC. talkD.dance46. A. mealB. greetingC. eveningD.end47. A. offeredB. refusedC.n

36、eededD.remembered48. A. apologeticB. regretfulC. puzzledD. grateful49. A. cutB. knewC. recalledD.asked50. A. strangeB. commonC. pleasantD. unusual51. A. dinnerB. solutionC. behaviorD. celebration52. A. annoyedB. inspiredC. seriousD. impolite53. A. hesitationB. relaxationC. confidenceD. attention54.

37、A. expectingB. fearingC. makingD. discovering55. A. urgentlyB. patientlyC. humorouslyD. gently56. A. everB. yetC. neverD. really57. A. careB. hurtC. readD. express58. A. silentlyB. painfullyC. graduallyD. unfairly59. A. lifeB. sightC. loveD. forgiveness60. A. cookiesB. relativesC. storiesD. gifts第二節(jié)

38、語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題,每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（不多于3個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。My dear husband,I am sending you this letter by e-mail so that you will be sure to read it. Please forgive us for leaving, but I think you should know 61 has happened at home since your computer entered our lives two years ago. You just

39、 spend all day playing games or 62（chat） online. After all, both the kids and I need a normal life so we chose to leave. The children are doing well. Tommy is seven now and he is a bright and handsome boy. He has developed 63 great interest in arts. You should be very proud 64 him. Little Jennifertu

40、rned five in September. 65 is an attractive child and quite smart. She still remembers the day 66 you spent the whole afternoon with us on her birthday. Now we 67 （take） a trip and I have to do the packing. I have hired a housekeeper to take care of things while we are away. I believe she can put th

41、ings 68 order, fill your coffee cup and bring your meals to your desk, just the way you like it. I hope you and the computer will have a 69 （love） time while we are not at home. Tommy, Jennifer and I will miss you often. Try to remember us while your computer is booting, or call me on condition 70 y

42、ou think we are more important than the computer.Love, Your wife第一節(jié) 短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中 共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（A）,并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均限一詞。2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。I had an unusual experience today. In the morning, I was walki