【精品】托福iBT考試作文真題

1、P8托福iBT考試作文真題2006年9月15日托福iBT考試作文真題IntegratedWritingManyAmericanschoosetoretireintheirlatefiftiesinsteadofmid-sixtiesaspeoplewouldnormallydo.Thisphenomenoniscalled"earlyretirement"andaccordingtorecentstudiesheldbysociologists,thistrendwillcontinueforacoupleofreasons.Paradoxically,Mvastworki

2、ngexperiences",whichwerebelievedtobethepreciousassetsofoldworkers,wereturnedagainstthem.Thisisbecauseaftermanydecadesofworkingonthesamepositionanddealingwithsimilarsituations,employeesintheirfiftiesfeelboredofgoingtoofficeseveryday.Therefore,retiringearlyseemstobealuringremedyforexhaustedoldwor

3、kers.Also,olderemployeestendtohavegreaterdifficultiesindealingwithyoungercolleagues.Aftertwentyoreventhirtyyearsofcareerlife,manyseniorworkersfindoutthatmostoftheirformerworkingfellowshaveeitherretiredortransferredtoothercompanies.Gettingfamiliarwithyoungercolleaguesusuallytakeslongerandappearstobem

4、oredifficultforseniorworkers,whichfurtherexplainswhymanystaffsdecidetoretireearly.Inaddition,astheiragefurthersuptheladder,olderstaffsusuallyundergotougherexperiencestokeepupwiththe"workpace"oftheiryoungercoworkers.Feelingstressedandfrustrated,seniorworkersmayalsodesirealessdemandingafter-

5、retirementlifestyle.AlecturerelatedtothetopicManyAmericanschoosetoretireintheirlatefiftiesinsteadofmid-sixtiesaspeoplewouldnormallydo.Thisphenomenoniscalled"earlyretirement*andaccordingtorecentstudiesheldbysociologists,thistrendwillcontinueforacoupleofreasons.Paradoxically,“vastworkingexperienc

6、es",whichwerebelievedtobethepreciousassetsofoldworkers,wereturnedagainstthem.Thisisbecauseaftermanydecadesofworkingonthesamepositionanddealingwithsimilarsituations,employeesintheirfiftiesfeelboredofgoingtoofficeseveryday.Therefore,retiringearlyseemstobealuringremedyforexhaustedoldworkers.Also,o

7、lderemployeestendtohavegreaterdifficultiesindealingwithyoungercolleagues.Aftertwentyoreventhirtyyearsofcareerlife,manyseniorworkersfindoutthatmostoftheirformerworkingfellowshaveeitherretiredortransferredtoothercompanies.Gettingfamiliarwithyoungercolleaguesusuallytakeslongerandappearstobemoredifficul

8、tforseniorworkers,whichfurtherexplainswhymanystaffsdecidetoretireearly.Inaddition,astheiragefurthersuptheladder,olderstaffsusuallyundergotougherexperiencestokeepupwiththe“workpace*oftheiryoungercoworkers.Feelingstressedandfrustrated,seniorworkersmayalsodesirealessdemandingafterretirementlifestyle.PI

9、OIndependentWritingUsespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.Typically,aneffectiveessaywillcontainaminimumof300words.Question2/2:TheIndependentWritingTask.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Today,therearesomanysourcesofnewsandinformationthatitisdifficulttoknowwhomtobelieveorwhoiste

10、llingthetruth.PH2006年10月8日托福iBT考試作文真題IntegratedWritingAlthoughdinosaursaretraditionallybelievedtobecold-bloodedreptiles,suchascrocodiles,lizardsandseaturtles,evidencesrecentlydiscoveredhaveimpliedapictureonquitetheoppositeside.Scientiststodayaremorereadilytobelievethatthereisagoodchancefordinosaurst

11、obewarm-bloodedanimals,liketoday'smammalsandbirds.First,asdemonstratedbyastonyheartrecentlyfoundinSouthDakotain1993byaprivatefossilcollector,dinosaurscouldhaveevolvedaheartadaptedtowarm-bloodcirculation.Althoughthefactthatsofttissuesusuallydecomposedbeforetheycouldfossilizehadleftscientistssearc

12、hingindarknessforcenturies,fossilorganscouldstillbepreservedunderextremecircumstancessuchasrapidsedimentontheseabed.Becausetodayfour-chamberedheartisonlyfoundinwarm-bloodedanimals,thisfossilheartindicatesthecloserelationshipbetweendinosaursandmammals.Second,becausecold-bloodedanimalssuchasreptilesco

13、uldn'tmaintaintheirbodytemperatureconstantly,theyhavetorelyonthesurroundingenvironmenttoadjustthebodyheat.Thus,ifdinosaursarecold-blooded,theirhugebodysizewouldmakeitimpossibletoshiftbetweenbaskingandburrowingasoftenastoday'slizards.Third,forhugebodyanimalstomaximizetheirenergyusage,theymust

14、maintainaconstantbodytemperature.Thisisbecausemetabolismisinfactachemicalprocessoccurringinthebody,whichbumsfoodin-takeandreleasesenergysupportinggrowth.Forthischemicalreactiontofunctionoptimally,keepingorgansworkingatcertaintemperatureisanecessity.AlecturerelatedtothetopicAlthoughdinosaursaretradit

15、ionallybelievedtobecold-bloodedreptiles,suchascrocodiles,lizardsandseaturtles,evidencesrecentlydiscoveredhaveimpliedapictureonquitetheoppositeside.Scientiststodayaremorereadilytobelievethatthereisagoodchancefordinosaurstobewarm-bloodedanimals,liketodaysmammalsandbirds.First,asdemonstratedbyastonyhea

16、rtrecentlyfoundinSouthDakotain1993byaprivatefossilcollector,dinosaurscouldhaveevolvedaheartadaptedtowarm-bloodcirculation.Althoughthefactthatsofttissuesusuallydecomposedbeforetheycouldfossilizehadleftscientistssearchingindarknessforcenturies,fossilorganscouldstillbepreservedunderextremecircumstances

17、suchasrapidsedimentontheseabed.Becausetodayfour-chamberedheartisonlyfoundinwarm-bloodedanimals,thisfossilheartindicatesthecloserelationshipbetweendinosaursandmammals.Second,becausecold-bloodedanimalssuchasreptilescouldn'tmaintaintheirbodytemperatureconstantly,theyhavetorelyonthesurroundingenviro

18、nmenttoadjustthebodyheat.Thus,ifdinosaursarecold-blooded,theirhugebodysizewouldmakeitimpossibletoshiftbetweenbaskingandburrowingasoftenastoday'slizards.Third,forhugebodyanimalstomaximizetheirenergyusage,theymustmaintainaconstantbodytemperature.Thisisbecausemetabolismisinfactachemicalprocessoccur

19、ringinthebody,whichburnsfoodin-takeandreleasesenergysupportinggrowth.Forthischemicalreactiontofunctionoptimally,keepingorgansworkingatcertaintemperatureisanecessity.P13IndependentWritingUsespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.Typically,aneffectiveessaywillcontainaminimumof300words.Question2

20、/2:TheIndependentWritingTask.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Peoplewillreducecarusein20years.SectionQuest。、|Opt-ons|O工4|E3Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.Typically,aneffectiveessaywillcontainaminimumof300words.Question2/2:TheIndependentWritingTask.Wordcount0EH句SIH電！31田

21、ZDDoyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Peoplewillreducecarusein20years.P14IntegratedWritingInUnitedStates,anydrughastopassaseriesofinvestigationsbeforeitcanbeputintorealapplication.Theseexaminationsarecalleddrugtesting.Althoughdrugtestingisgenerallybelievednecessaryinreducingpotentialmedica

22、lrisks,therearedifferentopinionsaswell.First,therightmomentofnewdrugspromotionisoftendelayed,asaresultofseriesofverycomplexandprolongeddrugtestingmeasures.Eachyear,plentyofpatientsaresufferingfromlackingofnewdrugs,whileitoftentakesmonthsevenyearstopassgovernmentdrugtestingprocedures.Second,drugtesti

23、ngcanbeverycostlysometimes.Eventually,alltheseexpendituresspentondrugtestingwillhavetobeswallowedbypatients.However,withthemoneysavedfromdrugtesting,newdrugscouldhavebeendevelopedandpatientsdyingfbrlackingofaffordablenewmedicineswillbelesslikelytobeobserved.Third,thebiggestadvantageboastedbythecurre

24、ntdrugtestingsystemismedicinesafety.However,withthedevelopmentofMedWatchsystem,medicinesafetycanbeeasilyachievedwithouttheextendedandveryluxuriousdrugtestingprocedure.ThisisbecauseMedWatchsystemrequiresthatdoctorsmustfilloutinformationsuchasthesideeffectsofacertainmedicineonpatienceaftereachtreatmen

25、t.Allthesedatawillbecollectedandeventuallythegovernmentcaneasilyfindoutthenegativeaspectsofeachnewdrugandthereforedecidewhetherthisnewdrugissuitableforfurtherapplication.AlecturerelatedtothetopicInUnitedStates,anydrughastopassaseriesofinvestigationsbeforeitcanbeputintorealapplication.Theseexaminatio

26、nsarecalleddrugtestingAlthoughdrugtestingisgenerallybelievednecessaryinreducingpotentialmedicalrisks,therearedifferentopinionsaswell.First,therightmomentofnewdrugspromotionisoftendelayed,asaresultofseriesofverycomplexandprolongeddrugtestingmeasures.Eachyear,plentyofpatientsaresufferingfromlackingofn

27、ewdrugs,whileitoftentakesmonthsevenyearstopassgovernmentdrugtestingprocedures.Second,drugtestingcanbeverycostlysometimes.Eventually,alltheseexpendituresspentondrugtestingwillhavetobeswallowedbypatients.However,withthemoneysavedfromdrugtesting,newdrugscouldhavebeendevelopedandpatientsdyingforlackingo

28、faffordablenewmedicineswillbelesslikelytobeobserved.Third,thebiggestadvantageboastedbythecurrentdrugtestingsystemismedicinesafety.However,withthedevelopmentofMedWatchsystem,medicinesafetycanbeeasilyachievedwithouttheextendedandveryluxuriousdrugtestingprocedure.ThisisbecauseMedWatchsystemrequiresthat

29、doctorsmustfilloutinformationsuchasthesideeffectsofacertainmedicineonpatienceaftereachtreatment.Allthesedatawillbecollectedandeventuallythegovernmentcaneasilyfindoutthenegativeaspectsofeachnewdrugandthereforedecidewhetherthisnewdrugissuitableforfurtherapplication.| Word countP16IndependentWritingUse

30、specificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.Typically,aneffectiveessaywillcontainaminimumof300words.Question2/2:TheIndependentWritingTask.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Forapersontosucceedinlife,knowledgegainedthroughstudyismoreimportantthantheabilitytobecreative.”2l063。:。Usespecifi

31、creasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.Typically,aneffectiveessaywillcontainaminimumof300words.Question2/2:TheIndependentWritingTask.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Forapersontosucceedinlife,knowledgegainedthroughstudyismoreimportantthantheabilitytobecreative.P172006年10月21日托福iBT考試作文真題I

32、ntegratedWritingRecentstudieshaveexhibitedapictureacrossAmericanjobmarketthatquitemanyformerjobhuntershavedeterminedtoconverttoself-employedentrepreneurs.WorkingforoneselfhasbecomeatrendpopularamongmodernAmericans,whichseemsunstoppableforsomereasons.First,someformeremployeesworkinginbigcorporationsb

33、ecomesickandtiredofdealingwithbureaucraciesfrommulti-levelmanagement,whichisalmostaninevitablephenomenonespeciallyinbusinesswithhugeexecutivepersonnel.Youngemployeesnaturallyfeeldistressedandthendeterminetoquitthejob,oncetheyrealizethattheirpricelesscreativityandenthusiasmcouldhavebroughtnodifferenc

34、etothehugebureaucraticmachine,nomatterhowhardtheyaredevoted.Second,feweryoungpeopleareattractedtoworkinginbigbusinessesthanbeforealsobecausepositionsinthosecompaniesarelesssecurethantheyweregenerationsago.Employeestodaymustcountintheriskoffacingunemploymenteverynowandthen,whentheysketchtheirlife-lon

35、gcareerplans.Therefore,self-employmentlookslikeasaferchoiceformanyofthem.Third,oneofthemostoftenappliedmeasuresbycompaniestominimizetheircostistocutoffwelfareofemployees.Asmanypeoplehavenoticed,quitemanyAmericancompaniestodayareintentionallyloweringtheirpensionsandraisingtheratioofmedicalinsuranceun

36、dertakenbytheemployees.Accompaniedbythediveofextrasalarybenefit,manyworkerscontinuelosinginterestonkeepingtheircurrentjobs.AlecturerelatedtothetopicRecentstudieshaveexhibitedapictureacrossAmericanjobmarketthatquitemanyformerjobhuntershavedeterminedtoconverttoself-employedentrepreneurs.Workingforones

37、elfhasbecomeatrendpopularamongmodernAmericans,whichseemsunstoppableforsomereasons.First,someformeremployeesworkinginbigcorporationsbecomesickandtiredofdealingwithbureaucraciesfromulti-levelmanagement,whichisalmostaninevitablephenomenonespeciallyinbusinesswithhugeexecutivepersonnel.Youngemployeesnatu

38、rallyfeeldistressedandthendeterminetoquitthejob,oncetheyrealizethattheirpricelesscreativityandenthusiasmcouldhavebroughtnodifferencetothehugebureaucraticmachine,nomatterhowhardtheyaredevoted.Second,feweryoungpeopleareattractedtoworkinginbigbusinessesthanbeforealsobecausepositionsinthosecompaniesarel

39、esssecurethantheyweregenerationsago.Employeestodaymustcountintheriskoffacingunemploymenteverynowandthen,whentheysketchtheirlife-longcareerplans.Therefore,selfemploymentlookslikeasaferchoiceformanyofthem.Third,oneofthemostoftenappliedmeasuresbycompaniestominimizetheircostistocutoffwelfareofemployees.

40、Asmanypeoplehavenoticed,quitemanyAmericancompaniestodayareintentionallyloweringtheirpensionsandraisingtheratioofmedicalinsuranceundertakenbytheemployees.Accompaniedbythediveofextrasalarybenefit,manyworkerscontinuelosinginterestonkeepingtheircurrentjobs.P19IndependentWritingUsespecificreasonsandexamp

41、lestosupportyouranswer.Typically,aneffectiveessaywillcontainaminimumof300words.Question2/2:TheIndependentWritingTask.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Itisbettertotakethemostdifficultorchallengingcoursesincollegeoruniversityeventhoughyouprobablywon'treceivethetopgrade.2006年10月22日托福iB

42、T考試作文真題IntegratedWritingItusedtobethecasethatatmostuniversitiesonlyafewstudentsreceivedthehighestgrades.Butprofessorstodayroutinelygiveamajorityoftheirstudentsgradethatlooksfarbeyondtheirrealperformance.Thisissometimesknownas"gradeinflation".Althoughthispracticehasitscritics,itseemsvirtual

43、lyirreversible.Actually,gradeinflationhasbecomeabrickinthebuildingofgeneralsocialexpectationsanditcannomorebechangedatthispointforquiteafewreasons.First,sincemoststudentstodayaregettingaccustomedtoreceivinghighergrades,theyhavetakenthefactofreceivingbigscoresasgranted.Therefore,onceprofessorsstartto

44、gradestrictly,somestudentsmaybefrustratedbythescoreslowerthanexpectedandthenloseinterestintheirfurtheracademicpursuits.Second,professorshavetheconcernthatoncetheystopgrantinginflatedscorestolessqualifiedstudents,thereisagoodchancethattheymayalsoreceivelowerevaluationsfromthosestudentsasaresult.Usual

45、ly,students'evaluationmattersalotindeterminingifaprofessorwillgetapromotionorsimplykeephispositioninthefuture.Third,highmarkshelpstudentssellinthejobmarket,becauseemployersgenerallybelievethatgoodscoresstandforhighqualitiesofthestudents.Therefore,studentsreceivinginflatedgradeshaveapparentadvant

46、agesoverthosewhoaregradedstrictlyinschool.Alecturerelatedtothetopict«on00:03:00Itusedtobethecasethatatmostuniversitiesonlyafewstudentsreceivedthehighestgrades.Butprofessorstodayroutinelygiveamajorityoftheirstudentsgradethatlooksfarbeyondtheirrealperformance.Thisissometimesknownas"gradeinfl

47、ation".Althoughthispracticehasitscritics,itseemsvirtuallyirreversible.Actually,gradeinflationhasbecomeabrickinthebuildingofgeneralsocialexpectationsanditcannomorebechangedatthispointforquiteafewreasons.First,sincemoststudentstodayaregettingaccustomedtoreceivinghighergrades,theyhavetakenthefacto

48、freceivingbigscoresasgranted.Therefore,onceprofessorsstarttogradestrictly,somestudentsmaybefrustratedbythescoreslowerthanexpectedandthenloseinterestintheirfurtheracademicpursuits.Second,professorshavetheconcernthatoncetheystopgrantinginflatedscorestolessqualifiedstudents,thereisagoodchancethattheyma

49、yalsoreceivelowerevaluationsfromthosestudentsasaresult.Usually,students'evaluationmattersalotindeterminingifaprofessorwillgetapromotionorsimplykeephispositioninthefuture.Third,highmarkshelpstudentssellinthejobmarket,becauseemployersgenerallybelievethatgoodscoresstandforhighqualitiesofthestudents

50、.Therefore,studentsreceivinginflatedgradeshaveapparentadvantagesoverthosewhoaregradedstrictlyinschool.IndependentWritingUsespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.Typically,aneffectiveessaywillcontainaminimumof300words.Question2/2:TheIndependentWritingTask.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowings

51、tatement?Itisnotrealisticthatpeopleexpecttoworkinthesamecompanyorforthesameemployerfortheirwholelife.P232006年10月29日托福iBT考試作文真題IntegratedWritingRecentstudiesshowthatChimpanzeeshavesimilarabilitiesofhumanbeingsinlearninglanguages.Itisnothingsurprisingforresearcherstofinallyconcludethatafteryearsofrigi

52、dtraining,Chimpanzeescanmanagetomasteralanguagetotheextentof2-3yearsoldhumanchild.Thisbeyond-belieflanguagelearningtalentofChimpscanbetracedbacktothreedimensionsconsistingofareallanguage.First,ChimpsgainknowledgeofmanyYerkishvocabulariesaftertwoyears,properinstructing.Yerkishisaresearcher-made,geome

53、triclanguagesystem.Inthissystem,awordissymbolizedbyameaningfulpictureorobject.WiththehelpofYerkishlanguage,ithasbeendemonstratedthatChimpsarecapableofexpressingthemselvestoresearchersthroughsimplewordslikeapple,eatingandwashing.Second,itisveryencouragingforresearcherstonoticethatChimpsevenshowhintso

54、fbeingabletomastersomebasicgrammars.Forexample,whenaringhasbeenbroughttoaChimp,itusestwoYerkishwords"finger1*and''bracelet"toexpresswhatthisringmeanstoit.Asweallknow,employingarhetoricnoun"finger"tolimitthedenotationofanothernoun"bracelet"isoneofthebasicgrammars

55、appliedinmanymodernlanguages.Third,underappropriatedirection,Chimpscancarryoutasimplebutgenuineconversationwithresearchersandsometimesthissortofconversationscanevenbeextendedforhours.Conversation,ofcourse,isalanguagepropertyofthegreatestimportance.AlecturerelatedtothetopicRecentstudiesshowthatChimpa

56、nzeeshavesimilarabilitiesofhumanbeingsinlearninglanguages.Itisnothingsurprisingforresearcherstofinallyconcludethatafteryearsofrigidtraining,Chimpanzeescanmanagetomasteralanguagetotheextentof2-3yearsoldhumanchild.Thisbeyond-belieflanguagelearningtalentofChimpscanbetracedbacktothreedimensionsconsistin

57、gofareallanguage.First,ChimpsgainknowledgeofmanyYerkishvocabulariesaftertwoyears,properinstructing.Yerkishisaresearcher-made,geometriclanguagesystem.Inthissystem,awordissymbolizedbyameaningfulpictureorobject.WiththehelpofYerkishlanguage,ithasbeendemonstratedthatChimpsarecapableofexpressingthemselves

58、toresearchersthroughsimplewordslikeappte.eatingandwashing.Second,itisveryencouragingforresearcherstonoticethatChimpsevenshowhintsofbeingabletomastersomebasicgrammars.Forexample,whenaringhasbeenbroughttoaChimp,itusestwoYerkishwords“finger"and"bracelet”t。expresswhatthisringmeanstoit.Asweallk

59、now,employingarhetoricnoun"finger"tolimitthedenotationofanothernoun"bracelet“isoneofthebasicgrammarsappliedinmanymodernlanguages.Third,underappropriatedirection,Chimpscancarryoutasimplebutgenuineconversationwithresearchersandsometimesthissortofconversationscanevenbeextendedforhours.Conversation,ofcourse,isalanguagepropertyofthegreates