經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易類等專有名詞

1、經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易類等專有名詞一、經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易類.改革產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu) reform the structure of industries.虧損企業(yè) loss-making enterprises.搞活企業(yè) enliven enterprises.力口快現(xiàn)代化步伐 quicken the modernization drive.跨國公司 transnational corporation / multinational corporation.鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè) township enterprises.國有企業(yè) state-owned enterprises.合資企業(yè) joint ventures.解放生產(chǎn)力 emanc

2、ipate/ liberate productivity.振興國家經(jīng)濟 invigorate our state economy.實行股份制 introduce the shareholding system.全面深化改革 deepen reform all round.提高經(jīng)濟效益 improve economic results.增進效益 increase economic returns.宏觀經(jīng)濟調(diào)控 macro-economic control and management.經(jīng)濟實力 economic strength.經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)軌 economic transformation.經(jīng)營機制

3、 operative mechanism.整頓經(jīng)濟秩序 rectify economic order.弓 I進競爭機制 introduce a competitive mechanism.建立技術(shù)密集型企業(yè) set up technologically-intensive enterprises.招商弓 I資 canvass business and introduce investment.房地產(chǎn) real estate.經(jīng)濟特區(qū) special economic zone.基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 infrastructure facilities.豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects.投

4、資熱點 investment hot spot.外向型經(jīng)濟 export-oriented economy.按勞分酉己 distribute according to the work performance.打破平均主義 break / abandon equalitarian.沿海開放城市 open coastal cities.保稅區(qū) bonded zone/ area.金融改革 banking system.國民生產(chǎn)總值 Gross National Product.扶貧項目 anti-poverty project.下海經(jīng)商 plunge into the private busin

5、ess.協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展 coordinate the development.住房改革 housing reform.社會保障體系 social security system.數(shù)字時代 digital times.信息高速公路 the information superhighway.虛擬社區(qū) virtual communities.菜藍子”工程the shopping-basket project ( the non-staple food project).拳頭產(chǎn)品 knock-out products/ competitive products.市場蕭條 slack market.中國質(zhì)量萬

6、里行 China Long March to Quality campaign.冒牌產(chǎn)品 fake brand-name products.假冒偽劣商品 fake and poor quality commodities.謀取暴力 reap colossal profits.提出索賠 lodge a claim.投訴 lodge complaint.貿(mào)易爭端 trade disputes.舌 L 收費 random charges.市場疲軟 sluggish market.貿(mào)易順差 favorable trade balance.貿(mào)易逆差 unfavorable trade balance.實

7、行優(yōu)惠政策 launch a preferential policy.繁榮市場 flourish the market.加入世貿(mào)組織 accession to the WTO/ entry into the WTO.最惠國待遇 Most-Favored-Nation treatment.消費者協(xié)會 consumer sassociation.消費者購買力 consumer purchasing power.新興市場 emerging market.抑制消費 control / inhibit consumption.無形資產(chǎn) intangible assets.有形資產(chǎn) tangible as

8、sets.市場占有率market share.嚴重違約 grave breach of contract.泡沫經(jīng)濟 bubble economy.品牌效應 brand effect.企業(yè)重組 reshuffle of enterprises.貿(mào)易壁壘 trade barrier.人才流失 brain drain.清理 主角債 ” break up the debt chain.企業(yè)文化 corporate culture.商業(yè)炒作 commercial speculation.擴大內(nèi)需，刺激消費 expand domestic demand and consumption.拉動經(jīng)濟增長 fue

9、l economic growth.連鎖反應 chain reaction / domino effect.競爭優(yōu)勢 competitive edge.經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整 economic restructuring.經(jīng)濟增長點 economic growth point ; growth engine.經(jīng)濟過熱 overheated economy.經(jīng)濟滑坡 economic downturn.集約化經(jīng)營 intensive management.灰色收入 gray income.福禾1J分房 welfare-oriented public housing distribution system.

10、分期付款 installment payment.從粗放經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榧s經(jīng)濟shift from extensive economy to intensive economy.按揭購房 buy a house on a mortgage ; mortgage a house.邊際效益 marginal benefit.不良貸款 non-performing loan.裁減冗員 lay off redundant staff; cut down on overstaffing.產(chǎn)品更新?lián)Q代 upgrade of products.創(chuàng)業(yè)園 high-tech business incubator;

11、pioneer park.促進全球經(jīng)濟一體化 foster integration with the global economy.家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責任制 household contract responsibility system.人才戰(zhàn) competition for talented people.脫貧致富 shake/cast off poverty and set out a road to prosperity.資源優(yōu)化酉己置 optimizing the allocation of resources二、政治類.不正之風 bad / harmful practice.霸權(quán)主義 h

12、egemonism.奔小康 strive for a better-off life.論資#F 輩 assign priority according to seniority.持續(xù)發(fā)展 sustainable development.重復建設(shè) redundant project.大鍋飯egalitarian practice ( of everyone taking food from the same big pot).多極化 multi-polarization.科學技術(shù)是第一生產(chǎn)力Science and technology are the primary productive for

13、ce.機構(gòu)臃月中 overstaffing in organization.機構(gòu)改革 institutional restructuring; streamlining.反腐倡廉 fight corruption and build a clean government.窗 口行業(yè) service trade.核心競爭力 core competitiveness.減員士 曾效 downsizing of staff and improving efficiency.減輕農(nóng)民負擔 reduce farmer burdens; lighten the burden on them.跨越式發(fā)展 gr

14、eat-leap-forward development.跨世紀發(fā)展 trans-century project.民主集中制 democratic centralism.講誠信、反欺詐 honor credibility and oppose cheating.強權(quán)外交 power diplomacy.人浮于事 overstaffing.侵吞公款 embezzle public funds.群帶關(guān)系 networking through petticoat influence.求同存異seek common ground on major issues while shelving diffe

15、rences on minor ones.濫用權(quán)力 abuse one power; misuse one authority.廉政建設(shè) build a clean and honest government.三步走戰(zhàn)略 the three-step development strategy.三講教育three emphases education - emphasize theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct.三峽工程 Three gorges project.貪污腐化 corruption and degenerati

16、on.思想僵硬 fossilized concept.西部開發(fā) the development of China west.發(fā)展是硬道理 Development is an invariable truth.堅持四項基本原則 uphold the four cardinal principles.地方保護主義 regional protectionism.拜金主義 money worship.行賄受賄 give and take bribery.走后門 get in by the back door / enter by the back door.和平演變 peaceful evolutio

17、n.貪臟枉法 take bribes and bend the law.以權(quán)謀私 abusing power for money.拉關(guān)系 try to establish a relationship with sb.權(quán)錢交易 trading power for money.掃黃運動 anti-pornography campaign.公款吃喝 enjoy banquet on public funds. 幺國兩制”的原貝 the principle ofoneountry, two systems:.兩大主題 two principle themes.堅持一個中國立場 stick to on

18、e-China position.全國人民代表大會 National People Congress.與國際接軌synchronize with the world; accord with international norms.社會主義物質(zhì)文明 socialist material wellbeing.社會主義精神文明 socialist culture and ideology.實現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復興bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.歪風牙 B 氣 unhealthy practices and evil phen

19、omena.溫暖工程 adequate food and clothing program.知識產(chǎn)權(quán) intellectual property right.綜合國力 comprehensive national strength.最低生活保障制度systems for ensuring a minimum standard of living.政企分開separate government functions from enterprise management.與時俱進 keep pace with the times.閑置人員idle hand.養(yǎng)老保險 endowment insura

20、nce.以經(jīng)濟建設(shè)為中心focus on the central task of economic construction.下崗職工基本生活費 subsistence allowance for laid-off workers.世界觀、人生觀、價值觀 world outlook, outlook on life and values.實事求是 seek truth from facts.試點工程 pilot project.政府廉潔高效 clean and efficient government.戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系 strategic partnership三、教育與科學技術(shù)類.科技含量 te

21、chnology content.科教興國rely on science, technology and education to rejuvenate the nation.可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略 strategy of sustainable development.工業(yè)園區(qū) industrial park.技術(shù)密集型產(chǎn)品 technology-intensive product.新興學科 new branch of science.邊緣學科 frontier science.高速寬帶互聯(lián)網(wǎng) high-speed broadband networks.電月而病毒 computer viruses.

22、電子商務 e-commerce; e-business.黑客 hacker.數(shù)字地球 digital globe.局域網(wǎng) local area network.人工智能 artificial intelligence.網(wǎng)上沖浪 web-surfing.網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界 cyber world.網(wǎng)上犯罪 cyber crime.信息高速公路 information highland.網(wǎng)民 netizen.虛擬現(xiàn)實 virtual reality.克隆 cloning.基因工程 genetic engineering.轉(zhuǎn)基因食品 genetically modified food.神舟六號”載人飛船 ma

23、nned spacecraft Shenzhou VI.掌上電腦 palm computer.主頁 home page.語音信箱 voice mail.網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟 cyber-economy.網(wǎng)蟲 netter; Internet geek.網(wǎng)戀 cyber romance; virtual romance.高精尖技術(shù) high-grade, high-precision, advanced technology.科技扶貧 support poor areas using technology.科研攻關(guān) work towards key technological breakthroughs.自

24、費研究生 self-supporting graduate student.委托培養(yǎng)consign the training of personnel to a certain school.填鴨式教學 cramming method of teaching.啟發(fā)式教學 heuristic education.復合型人才 interdisciplinary talent.論文答辯 thesis oral defense.素質(zhì)教育 quality-oriented education.教書育人 impart knowledge and educate people.九年制義務教務教育 nine-

25、year compulsory education.德智體美勞全面發(fā)展all around development of moral, intellectual,physical,aesthetics and labor ed ucation.知識產(chǎn)權(quán) intellectual property.因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude.碩博連讀 a continuous academic program that involves postgraduate and doctoral study.雙學位 double degree.雙向選擇

26、 two-way selection.人才流失 brain drain.陶冶情操 cultivate one taste and temperament.學生減負 alleviate the burden on students.學術(shù)交流 academic exchanges.學科帶頭人 pace-setter in scientific research.德才兼?zhèn)?have both political integrity and ability.攻讀碩士學位 study for a doctoral degree.文科生 students of liberal arts.理科生 stude

27、nts of science.愛國主義教育 education in patriotism.擇優(yōu)錄取 enroll the excellent students.畢業(yè)論文 graduation thesis.畢業(yè)設(shè)計 graduation project.義務教育 compulsory education.高等教育 higher education.選修課程 optional courses.主修課程 major courses.重點學科 key disciplinary areas.德智體全面發(fā)展的學生students who are well developed morally, inte

28、llectually and physically.教育部 Ministry of Education.博士生導師 doctoral supervisors.世界觀、人生觀、價值觀 word outlook, outlook on life and values四、文化社會生活類.彩票 lottery ticket.保健食品 health-care food.暴發(fā)戶 new rich; upstart.民工潮 farmer frenzied hunt for work in cities.下崗工人 laid-off workers.人口 老齡化 aging/ graying populatio

29、n.人 口高峰 baby boom.人口 負增長 negative population growth.流動人口 moving population.收視率 viewing rate.售后服務 after-sale service.再就業(yè)工程 re-employment project.自由職業(yè)者free lancer.性別歧視 sexual discrimination.性價比 cost performance.水貨 smuggled goods.水 土流失 soil erosion.文化滲透 cultural infiltration.跳槽 job-hopping.搶購 panic buying10.甩賣 clearance sale.公益廣告 public-interest advertisement.讓禾1J offer discounts.出國熱 craze for going abroad.社會福利制度 the social welfare system.享受公費醫(yī)療 enjoy public health care黃昏戀 twilight love.世界衛(wèi)生組織 World H