美國國家概況考題

1、頁腳Unit1Thecountry()1.TheUnitedStatesstretchesfromtheAtlanticOceaninthewesttothePacificOceanintheeast.()2.TheMississippiriveristhelongestriverintheUnitedStates.()3.TheAppalachianregionisbothcomplicatedandvaried,containingsomeofthehighestmountainsinNorthAmerica,butalsoavastexpanseofintermontanebasins,

2、plateaus,andisolatedranges.()4.WesternWashingtonandOregonreceiveplentyofrainandcentralCaliforniaisnoticeablydrierinwinter.()5.NewEnglandissometimescalledthebirthplaceofAmerica.()6.WashingtonD.C.islocatedintheSouthernStatesRegion.()7.ManySouthernershaveastrongsenseofregionalloyaltyandtakeprideintheSo

3、uthshistoryandtradition.()8.TheMidwesternStatesRegionisavastareaofgenerallyflatlandthatcoversmuchofthecenteroftheUnitedStates.()9.LasVegasandRenostandoutas“Americandreamland”,fortheyprimarilyfindwealththroughthegamblingandentertainmentindustries.()10.Hawaiihasthelargestlandareaofallthestates,andAlas

4、kahasoneofthesmallestlandareas.TheUnitedStatesofAmericaisthecountryintheworldinsize.LargestB.second-largestC.third-largestD.fourth-largestextendfromthenortherntipofMainesouthwesterntoAlabama.A.TheRockyMountainsC.TheCoastMountainsTheAppalachianHighlandsD.TheBlueMountainsTheclimateoftheUnitedStatesisi

5、nfluencedby.theAtlanticandPacificOceanstheGulfofMexicotheGreatLakesD.AlloftheaboveWhatistheleadingcommercialcropofthesouth?Cotton.B.Tobacco.C.Sugarcane.D.Rice.WhatMidwesterncityistheautomobilecapitaloftheworld?Chicago.B.Detroit.Milwaukee.D.Cleveland.OneofthemostimportantlakesintheUnitedStatesis,whic

6、histhelargestfreshwaterlakeintheworld.LakeSuperiorB.LakeMichiganC.LakeHuronD.LakeOntarioNewEnglandliesinoftheUnitedStates.thenorthernpartB.thesouthernpartC.thenortheasternpartD.thesoutheasternpartThesouthernpartofthePacificcoastinCaliforniahasaclimate.subtropicalB.continentaldesertC.maritimeD.Medite

7、rraneanThesmalleststateintheUnitedStatesis.WashingtonB.RhodeIslandC.HawaiiD.MarylandIntheUnitedStates,thelargestcityalongthePacificcoastis.LosAngelesB.SanFranciscoC.SeattleD.PortlandUnit2History()1.ThefirstEnglishcolonyinAmericawasfoundedatJamestown,Virginia,in1607.()2.TheearlyBritishsettlersorganiz

8、edtheeastcoastofNorthAmericainto17colonies.()3.WhenmanythousandsofSouthernerssawthetriumphofAbrahamLincolninthe1860electionasnotsimplyapoliticaldefeatbutalsoathreattoallsoutherninstitutionsandthesouthernwayoflife,theydecidedtosecedefromtheConfederacy.()4.TheProgressiveMovementwasawell-organized,unif

9、iedmovement,demandinggovernmentregulationofeconomyandsocialcondition.()5.TheStockMarketcollapseoccurredin1928intheUnitedStates.()6.TheMarshallPlanreferstothemilitaryandeconomicaidtoGreeceandTurkeyinthe1950s.()7.NixonwasthesecondPresidentinAmericanhistorywhoresigned.()8.Theblack-whiteracialchasminpos

10、t-Civil-Rights-MovementAmericawashighlightedbythesavagebeatingofMartinLutherKingbywhitepoliceofficersin1992.TheBritishestablished13coloniesalong.thewestcoastofNorthAmericathewestcoastofSouthAmericatheeastcoastofNorthAmericatheeastcoastofSouthAmericaIntheearly1850s,withthewestwardmovement,theslaveryb

11、ecameaseriouspoliticalissueendangeringtheunityofthecountrybecause.whetherornotslaverywouldexpandintothefuturestatesformedasaresultofthewestwardmovementwouldaffectthebalanceofpowerintheSenatetheSouthinsistedthatslaveryshouldbeallowedtospreadintoallnewterritoriestheNorthrefusedtoletslaveryspreadintone

12、wterritoriestheNorthwantedtoputanendtoslaveryTheProgressiveMovementwantedtoinordertostopbigbusinesscontrol.initiatestrictgovernmentregulationhavethegovernmentfixpricesbreakupallthebigbusinessesD.doawaywithrebatesThe1920sintheUnitedStateshasbeendescribedasaperiodof.culturalrevivalB.lossofpurposeC.dev

13、elopmentinscienceandtechnologymaterialsuccessandspiritualfrustrationTheseriouseconomiccrisisinthelate1920sand1930swasfirstbroughtaboutbyA.bankfailuresB.seriousunemploymentC.farmforeclosuresthestockmarketcrashThepurposeoftheNewDealmeasureswasto.saveAmericandemocracyandthecapitalistsystemchecktheworse

14、ningoftheeconomicsituationhelppeopletideoverthedifficultyincreaseAmericanexportOnJune5,1947,suggestedthattheU.S.shouldoffereconomicaidtoWesternEuropesoastoprotecttheregionfromSovietexpansion.A.GeorgeMarshallB.FranklinD.RooseveltC.GeorgeKennanD.HarryTrumanTOC o 1-5 h zAtthetimeofCubanMissileCrisis,th

15、ePresidentoftheU.S.was.A.TrumanB.EisenhowerC.KennedyD.JohnsonNewFrontierandGreatSocietywereprogramsinitiatedby.A.PresidentKennedyB.PresidentJohnsonC.PresidentsKennedyandJohnsonrespectivelyD.PresidentsJohnsonandKennedyrespectivelyTheconservatismduringReagansadministrationwasknownas.A.theNewLeftB.theN

16、ewRightC.theNewFrontierD.theNewFreedomUnit3TheAmericanidentity（）1.IntheUnitedStates,themajorsourceofpopulationgrowthistherisingbirthrate.（）2.IntheUnitedStates,thelargestminoritygroupistheAfrican-Americangroup.（）3.IntheUnitedStates,thefastest-growinggroupistheAsian-Americangroup.（）4.NativeAmericansha

17、vealowschooldropoutrate.（）5.ThethreemajorHispanicgroupsaretheMexican-Americans,thePuertoRicansandtheCuban-Americans.（）6.ThePuertoRicansareAmericancitizens.（）7.ThefirstAsianstoarriveintheUnitedStatesinsignificantnumbersweretheJapanese.（）8.TodaytheIndiansareonlyallowedtoliveonreservations.（）9.Traditio

18、nally,themainstreamAmericanswerecalledWASP.ThecurrentsituationofAfrican-AmericanspresentsA.afavorablepictureB.anegativepictureC.amixedpictureD.apositivepictureAlthoughdiscriminationhasbeenlegallyabolished,.A.discriminationinemploymentstillexistsdiscriminationinuniversityadmissionstillexistspovertyra

19、teoftheblacksisthehighestamongallracialandethnicgroupsinequalityandsubtlediscriminationstillexistTheCuban-Americansmainlylivein.A.FloridaB.TexasC.LouisianaD.AlabamaTOC o 1-5 h zSomepeoplesayAsian-AmericansowetheirsuccesstotheAsiantraditionofthefollowingEXCEPT.familyB.hardworkC.educationD.Discriminat

20、ionNowabout80%to90%ofimmigrationtotheUnitedStatesisfrom.AsianandHispaniccountriesAfricancountriesC.EuropeancountriesD.CentralandSouthAmericancountriesThefirstimmigrantsinAmericanhistorycamefrom.A.EnglandandtheNetherlandsB.IrelandWestGermanyD.EastEuropeAmongthemajorHispanicgroupsintheUnitedStates,the

21、largestgroupis.A.thePuertoRicanstheMexican-AmericanstheCuban-AmericanstheCentralandSouthAmericanimmigrantsAmongthemajorHispanicgroupsintheUnitedStates,havethehighestsocialstatus.A.theChicanosB.theCuban-AmericansC.thePuerto-RicansD.theLatinAmericanimmigrantsTheNativeAmericansare.A.theIndiansB.thewhit

22、esC.theblacksD.theHispanicsUnit4politicalinstitutions（）1.TheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates,afteritsadoption,hasneverbeenrevised.（）2.AccordingtotheConstitution,thefederalgovernmentisresponsibleforaddressingquestionsthataffectthenationasawholeaswellasindividualstates.（）3.Separationofpowerisdesignedtopr

23、eventthegovernmentfrombeingtoostrong.（）4.TheU.S.governmentisdividedintofourbranches:thelegislative,thepresidency,thebureaucracyandthejudiciary.（）5.TheSupremeCourthastherighttodeclarelawsandactionsofthefederal,state,andlocalgovernmentsunconstitutional.（）6.Candidatesforthepresidencycanonlybechosenfrom

24、politicalparties.（）7.TheU.S.Presidenthasgreatexecutivepowerbutnolegislativepower.（）8.CongressmenserveatermofsixyearswhileSenatorsserveatermoftwoyears.（）9.TheDemocratsarethoughtofasassociatedwithbusiness,Anglo-Americans,andtherich.（）10.ThenumberofSenatorsfromeachstateisbaseduponitspopulation.TheSupre

25、meCourthasoriginaljurisdictionin.A.allkindsofcasescasesinvolvingforeigncitizenscasesinvolvingastateBothBandCPoliticalpartiesarethebasisoftheAmericanpoliticalsystem,.butthereisnoprovisionintheConstitutionforpoliticalpartiesandtheConstitutionhasclearprovisionbutthefoundingfathershadstrongapprehensiono

26、fpoliticalpartiesD.BothAandCThetwomajorpartiestodayhavedifferencesinpolicyconcentration.noB.littleC.someD.GreatThewritersoftheConstitutionworkedoutthechecksandbalancesinorderto.preventthegovernmentfrommisusingitspowerpreventthegovernmentfrombeingstrongpacifythosewhoopposedtheConstitutionmeetthedeman

27、dsofsmallstatesThePresidentoftheUnitedStatesiselected.A.indirectlybytheelectorsBbyCongressC.directlybythevotersD.Noneoftheabove.U.S.Presidentcanserveterm(s).A.onlyoneB.twoC.morethantwoD.asmanyasfourTheU.S.Presidentsappointmentshavetobeapprovedby.A.theHouseofRepresentativesB.theSenateC.theCabinetD.th

28、eSupremeCourtTheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStatesconsistsofoneChiefJusticeandAssociateJustices.A.6B.7C.8D.10ThetwomajorpoliticalpartiesintheUnitedStatesare.A.theDemocraticPartyandtheLaborPartytheFederalistPartyandtheDemocraticPartytheFederalistPartyandtheRepublicanPartyD.theDemocraticPartyandtheRepublic

29、anPartyTheU.S.Congresshasthepowertooverridethepresidentsvetobyamajority.A.2/3B.3/4C.3/5D.4/5Unit5Economy()1.SincetheU.S.economyisbasedonfreeenterprise,thereislittlegovernmentinvolvementintheeconomy.（）2.TheUnitedStatesistheworldsleadingmakerofindustrialgoods.（）3.Inthe18thcentury,theNewEnglandcolonies

30、specializedinproducingtobaccofromplantations.（）4.WhilemostAmericansembracedtheideaofmoney-makingandheldsuccessfulbusinessmeningreatadmiration,theyresentedbigbusinessesmonopolizinganyindustryinanyform.（）5.By1956,amajorityofU.S.workersheldblue-collarratherthanwhite-collarjobs.（）6.ManyurbanAmericans,pa

31、rticularlyBlacksandHispanics,foundthepostwarprosperityinaccessibletothem.（）7.TheAmericanWestisnowanimportantregionforcornandwheat.（）8.WhilemanufacturinggiantssuchasIBMandGeneralElectronicenjoyworldwidereputationasthepillarsoftheAmericaneconomy,theU.S.economyisbynomeansonedominatedbygiantcorporations

32、.（）9.Asthenumberofworkersemployedinthetraditionalmanufacturingindustrieshasdeclined,unionmembershiphasdroppedinrecentyears.TheUnitedStatesranksintheworldinthetotalvalueofitseconomicproduction.firstB.secondC.thirdD.FourthThefollowingarethefactorsthathavecontributedtothedevelopmentoftheU.S.economyEXCE

33、PTthevastspaceandresourcesofthelandtheidealsoffreedomandeconomicopportunityEnglishasitsnationallanguagehardworkbythepeopleWhatisAmericasmostimportantfoodcrop?Corn.B.Rice.C.BarleyD.Oat.ServiceindustriesaccountformorethanoftheU.S.grossdomesticproduct.A.athirdB.halfC.twothirdsD.threefourthThewestwardex

34、pansionisademonstrationofAmerican.A.IndividualismB.patriotismC.LiberalismD.ExpansionismHamiltonbelievedthattheUnitedStatesshouldpursueeconomicgrowththroughthefollowingEXCEPT.A.shippingB.manufacturingC.bankingD.slaveryWiththearrivalofthe20thcentury,theUnitedStatesbecameincreasinglyurbanized,particula

35、rlyinthecities.A.NortheastB.NorthwestC.SoutheastSouthwest8.TheAmericanSouthisacenterofthefollowingtraditionalcropsEXCEPT.A.tobaccoB.cornC.cottonD.wheat9.Astheworldsleadingmakerofindustrialgoods,theU.S.nowproducesaroundoftheworldsindustrialproducts.A.20%B.25%C.30%D.35%IntheUnitedStates,thefollowingar

36、eastendtospecializeinhigh-techandcomputerindustriesEXCEPT.A.NortheastB.MidwestC.NorthwestD.SouthwestUnit6socialservice（）1.IntheUnitedStates,thesocialsecuritysystemprovidesassistancetopeoplewithfinancialproblems.（）2.IntheUnitedStates,MedicareprovidesvirtuallyfreetreatmentforallAmericancitizens.（）3.So

37、cialsecurityisthenearlyuniversalretirementprogramforAmericans,withabout92percentofpeopleaged60andoverreceivingbenefits.（）4.Since1996,welfareresponsibilityunderAFDChasbeenpassedtothestates,whichreceivefederalgrantstoruntheirownprograms.（）5.TheSocialSecurityAdministrationorganizesthedistributionoffood

38、andfoodstampsthroughstateandlocalgovernments.（）6.Sincegovernment-sponsoredwelfareprogramsareessentialtotheneedyandthepoor,theyarequiteadequateinconfrontingthepovertyissue.（）7.ChildWelfareLeagueofAmericaisthelargestprivately-fundedchildcareagencyintheUnitedStates,providingshelterandservicetohomelessa

39、ndrunawayyouth.（）8.IntheUnitedStates,mostemployeesandtheirfamiliesarenormallyinsuredforhealthcarethroughpublicinsuranceprograms.（）9.Medicaidprogramprovidesfederalgrantstostatesforthefreetreatmentoftheelderly.（）10.IntheUnitedStates,two-thirdsofthehousingunitsintheprivatesectorare“single-familydwellin

40、gs”.TOC o 1-5 h zTheAmericansocialsecuritysystemincludesthefollowingprogramsEXCEPT.A.OASDHIB.MedicareC.MedicaidD.UnemploymentCompensationAmericansmaystartreceivingtheirpensionsattheageof.A.55B.60C.65D.70ThemainfederalwelfareprogramsintheUSAconsistofthefollowingprogramsEXCEPTA.MedicaidB.AFDCC.FoodSta

41、mpsD.MedicareWhichofthefollowingbelongstothereligiouswelfareorganization?A.NCH.B.CWLA.C.CCHD.D.FordFoundation.Amongprivatefoundations,whichhasbecomeincreasinglyprominentinprivatecharityactivity?A.RockefellerFoundation.FordFoundation.C.BuffettFoundation.Bill&MelindaGatesFoundation.Whichofthefollowing

42、statementisNOTtrueaboutAmericanhealthcareservices?A.AsizablenumberofAmericansstillremainuninsured.TheU.S.hastop-qualitymedicalfacilities.Medicaidcoversonlyabout40percentofthepoornationwide.Comparedwithotherdevelopedcountries,theUnitedStatesspendslessonhealthcare.Accordingtothehealthcarereformpropose

43、dduringtheObamaadministration,thegovernmentwillrequiremostAmericanstohavehealthinsuranceby.A.2011B.2012C.2013D.2014HomesandhousesgiveAmericansthefollowingsenseEXCEPT.A.possessionB.materialsatisfactionpersonalidentificationD.freedomUnit7thelegalsystem（）1.TheU.S.Constitutiondefinestheorganizationofaco

44、urtsystem,includingaSupremeCourtandinferiorcourts.（）2.IntheUnitedStates,eachstatehasonedistrictcourt.（）3.Districtcourtsaretheonlynationalcourtsthatusegrandjuriesandpetitjuries.（）4.Allnationalcourtscanreviewdecisionsofstatecourts.（）5.Atthenationallevel,governmentprosecutionistheresponsibilityoftheSup

45、remeCourt.（）6.TheU.S.attorneysareappointedforlifetermstothedistrictcourts.（）7.Anglo-AmericanCommonLawisbasedonthesupposedreasonablepersonsviewofwhatisrightandfair.（）8.IntheUnitedStates,allcasesshouldbetriedwithajury.（）9.Aunanimousdecisionisneededforagrandjurytomakeadecision.（）10.Federalcrimesaremain

46、lytheresponsibilityoftheFederalBureauofInvestigation（FBI）.TherearecurrentlydistrictcourtsintheUnitedStates.A.52B.54C.92D.94TherearecurrentlycourtsofappealsintheUnitedStates.A.10B.11C.12D.13arguescasesforthegovernmentbeforetheSupremeCourt.A.ChiefJusticeofSupremeCourtAttorneyGeneralC.SolicitorGeneralP

47、residentoftheUnitedStatesDistrictjudgeshipsarefilledbythePresidentwiththeconsentof.A.ChiefJusticeofSupremeCourtAttorneyGeneralC.theSenatetheHouseofRepresentativesGenerally,thetrialjuryconsistsofordinarycitizens.A.16B.612C.1223D.2330Generally,thegrandjuryconsistsofordinarycitizens.A.16B.612C.1223D.23

48、30TheSupremeCourtconsistsofachiefjusticeandassociatejustices.A.7B.8C.9D.10IntheUnitedStates,peoplebetweentheagesofarethemostinclinedagegrouptocommitcrimes.A.1119B.19242445D.4554InsomeurbanareasintheUnitedStates,murderisthemaincauseofdeathamongnon-Whitemalesbetweentheagesof.A.1119B.1924C.2445D.4554As

49、arule,theimplementationofstatelawiscarriedoutbythepoliceanddetectivesinthecity,andbyinruralareas.A.SheriffsB.ConstablesC.MagistratesD.bothAandBUnit8Education（）1.Americansgenerallyholdthateveryoneisentitledtoeducation.（）2.Americansbelievethateducationisbeneficialtoindividualsandsocietyasawhole.（）3.In

50、theUnitedStates,publiceducationatelementaryandsecondarylevelisfree.（）4.Americaneducationsystemischaracterizedbydiversity.（）5.AccordingtotheU.S.Constitution,educationistheresponsibilityofthefederalgovernment.（）6.Thereislittlesimilarityintheeducationsystemofthe50states.（）7.Thestateboardofeducationisre

51、sponsiblefortheeducationpolicyofthestate.（）8.TheoldestinstitutionofhigherlearningintheUnitedStatesisHarvardUniversity.（）9.JuniorcollegesofferonlyB.A.degrees.（）10.Theaffirmativeactionprogramaimstohelpethnicandracialminoritiesinelementaryandsecondaryeducation.TomanyAmericans,educationisimportantbecaus

52、e.A.itcontributestothesuccessofindividualsitcontributestothestrengtheningofnationalstrengthitpreparestheyoungpeopleforfuturedevelopmentBothAandBIntheUnitedStates,publicschoolsattheelementaryandsecondarylevelareA.freeB.compulsoryopentoallD.BothAandCAmericanschoolsfallintotwocategories,namely,.A.publi

53、candprivateschoolsacademicandvocationalschoolscoeducationandsinglesexschoolsnationalandstate-runschoolsIntheUnitedStates,educationpoliciesaremadeby.A.thefederalgovernmentthestateboardofeducationlocalschooldistrictboardoftrusteesThegoverningboardofschooldistrictisresponsiblefor.A.thehiringofteachersa

54、ndstaffthedesigningofasuitablecurriculumthecompilingandapprovingofbudgetAlloftheaboveThereisdifference（s）intuitionratesbetweenpublicandprivateinstitutionsofhigherlearningintheU.S.A.noB.significantC.SomeD.notmuchTOC o 1-5 h zThecommunitycollege.A.offersbachelordegreesB.offersassociatedegreesC.offersm

55、asterdegreesD.BothAandBElementaryandsecondaryeducationintheU.S.coversyears.A.9B.11C.12D.14AdmissiontoaneducationalinstitutionintheU.S.isdeterminedby.A.theinstitutionitselfB.thestateboardofeducationC.thelocalauthorityD.thefederalgovernment10.Thefollowingarethepublicpoliciesandlegaldecisionsemphasizin

56、gspecialrightsforethnicandlinguisticminoritiesintheareaofeducationEXCEPT.A.BilingualEducationActB.Proposition227C.affirmativeactionprogramD.NoChildLeftBehindActUnit9ReligioninAmericanlife（）1.IncomparisonwithotherWesterncountries,Americaislessreligiousintermsofchurchattendanceandfinancialcommitmentto

57、churchorganizations.（）2.AtthetimewhentheUnitedStateswasfounded,itwastheCatholicbranchoftheChristianfaiththathadthestrongestinfluenceonthedevelopmentofthereligiousclimateintheUnitedStates.（）3.ThePilgrimstriedtocreateacommunityinwhichlifewouldbeguidedbyGodswillanddeviationsfromHiswillinanyshapeorformw

58、ouldneverbetolerated.（）4.Americabecame“theKingdomofGod”bytheendofthe17thcentury.（）5.Inthe19thcentury,Americansstoppedtalkingabouttheimportanceofreligiousvaluesfortheirnationalidentity.（）6.AccordingtotheU.S.Constitution,churchandstateareseparateintheirroleandfunction.（）7.Historically,churchandstatein

59、theUnitedStateshasneverinteractedtoeachother.（）8.AgrowingtrendinAmericanreligiouslifeisthatreligionhasbecomeincreasinglysecularized.（）9.IntheUnitedStates,mainstreamProtestantdenominationshavelostgroundtoCatholicdenominations.（）10.Post-warEvangelismhasattemptedtouseitsinfluencetorestoresomesenseofcom

60、munityinasociety.TheCatholicfaithwasfirstbroughttotheNorthAmericancontinentby.A.thePortugueseB.theEnglishC.theFrenchD.theSpanishThegreatwavesofJewishimmigrationstartedinandmadetheUnitedStatesamajorcenterofJudaism.A.1836B.1863C.1936D.1963Bytheendofthe17thcentury,hadalreadybeguntoloseitsenergies.A.Pro