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1、背誦句Whereasothersocietieslooktothepastuidance,wecast ournetsforward(面向未來It isthe be finabrightert givesusEven these days, when not all progress itive (nuclear weapons, air pollution,背誦句Whereasothersocietieslooktothepastuidance,wecast ournetsforward(面向未來It isthe be finabrightert givesusEven these days

2、, when not all progress itive (nuclear weapons, air pollution, unemployment, etc.), be f tforeveryproblemthereisarationalThe job ofthe parents isto givethe children every opportunity while they are growing up and then get out of What deference people in authority or d is based on theirers n on their

3、 age, In a t changes as fast as ours, experience simply does not have the t it does in Is taken a long time to convince the t free rise does not t a company should be free pollutetheair,foultherivers,anddestroytheThe assembly line reduced workers to cogs of machinery and made their jobs unutterably

4、boring, but it produced goodsfast.Foodisprepackagedandisal,buttheefficiencyoftheoperationand As anAmericanisalwaysstrivingtochange hislot,heneverfullyidentifiesnyIn America,thereare no suchchasin china where “the fat pig gets slaughtered,” orinJapan, “the tsticksoutgetshammeredThisfreedomfromthegrou

5、phasenabledtheAmericane“EconomicMan”-onedirectedalmost purelyprofitmotivemobileandunencumbered(不受阻礙的)byfamilyorcommunityEquippedwiththemoney,one canacquirethetaste,style,andofthel tmark eachclassandlauncha quicks in s us societies who are heir niches (適當的位置)are allowedmore nAmericans,whorelyheavilyo

6、nt eoplelikeWhen half the population goes to college, one cannot expect the colleges to ma countrieswhere onlytheelitehe same standards as Justasnot every is tofamily,noteveryAmericanisambitiousorpatriotic -orevenNo one could seriously t ho grows up poor, lives in a bad neighborhood, and attends an

7、schoolhasanopportunityequaltofsomeonemoreAmericansmayveachievedequality,leasttheyaspiretoit, whichisnmanyothernationsIn many countries, when e available for young people in distant cities, begins dominate home life, when ready - made foods appear in the markets, the culture appears more “American” a

8、lthoughtheresemblancecouldbeentirelyholooksaroundordownappearsshifty (不可靠的)toAmericansalthoughinfactone doesntcontinuouslyattheerson, butelsewhereeveryfewWhen the demand for something is n pply, producers rs will sense sibility makinga profit -thes ofrevenuesoverexpensesistheAs the case illustrates,

9、 competition takes four general forms: pure competition, monopoly, competitionandoligopoly(少數制造商對市場的控制The classicle of pure competition occurs commodity,likewheators somany tnooneofthemcancontrollingAAs the case illustrates, competition takes four general forms: pure competition, monopoly, competiti

10、onandoligopoly(少數制造商對市場的控制The classicle of pure competition occurs commodity,likewheators somany tnooneofthemcancontrollingAmonopoly occurs when one company alone offers a particular food or service and therefore controls the andpriceforPrivate restaurants serve gourmet food for $70 erson; incentive

11、s boosted agricultural production 25 and industrial output 80 percent in just three years; farmers are encouraged to raise as much as they can on own plots,andealmostheAll these changes in Chinas economic life have brought changesin Chinas l and cultural life as well, of If productivitymeasurestheef

12、ficiencyofaneconomy,ameasureofwhataneconomicsystemisitsnational product (GNP), which is the current market value of all final goods and withinaparticulart a nation Current wisdom t (當前流行的看法認為)if you want a sful product, you to tyour detailedysis,makingtthereare plentyofpeople who needthe newproducto

13、themarketwillbeabletogainasignificantsharet Startedat the turn of the century, 3M ( a giant Americancompany) has been growing at a healthy rate of about percentayearanditboastsofhaving45,000productsontheAn entrepreneur is someone like Tom Monaghan, the man who after brushes with othenationsfastest-g

14、rowingfranchiseruptcy turned The extent to which the broadcast media should be censored for offensive language and behavior involves n our right as individuals to freely express ourselves and the duty ernment to protect citizenryfrompotentialAlthough we may not have conclusive scientific evidence of

15、 a cause - effect relationship, evidence establishes a significant correlation.le Moreover,bothcommonsense andourwithchildreninformtpeopletendtomimictheandbehaviortheyareedThose who advocate unbridled individual might t the right of free speech rinsic to democracyandsary toIn sum, it is in our erest

16、 as a society for ernment to censor broadcast media for obscene offensivelanguageandWhile individuals have primary responsibility for learning new skills and finding work, both industry vesomeobligationtoprovidethemwiththemeansngThesuggestedreasonforbuyingthecarisobvious:it iselligentchoice.(注意冒號的使用

17、, I tappealstoemotionareerfulnargumentsandreasoningforAdvertisingis obviouslythemostinfluential artmost his century; it is,therefore, temptingtot it is Thelessonheretadvertising,initself,probablywillnotachieve asgreatimportanceasRequiring businesses to provide complete product information to custome

18、rs promotes various thesametimeesburdensonernment,andWhile I t buildings determine our character or ality traits, I t they can gre influenceourattitudes,moods,andevenlifeNumerouspsychologicalstudiesdifferenttdifferentcolorsinfluencebehavior,attitudes, andemotionsinWomen differ fundamentally from men

19、 in childbearing ability; related to this ability is the maternal instinct - desiretonurture t isfarstronger forNumerouspsychologicalstudiesdifferenttdifferentcolorsinfluencebehavior,attitudes, andemotionsinWomen differ fundamentally from men in childbearing ability; related to this ability is the m

20、aternal instinct - desiretonurture t isfarstronger fornformen, generallyInconsumer-drivenindustries,innovation,productdifferentiation,andcreativityareltolastingechnology,whentherearenoconventionalor ways of thinkingtobeginwith, t tobreakawayfromlastyearsparadigmaresoonleftbehindbytheWhetheranindivid

21、ualsavestoolittleorborrowstoomuchdependsontheeandextentofeitherThe t, on balance, people today tend to concern themselves with only practical tarerelatedtotheirTraditionally,savingisviewedasavirtue,orrowingisconsideredasaHowever,justtheitemaybetrueundercertainThe mere t ticket sales in recent years

22、for screenplay-based movies have exceeded those for book-moviesisinsufficientevidence tot writingscreenplays nowprovides greater l opportunityIt t fees paid by movie studios for screenplays will he future relative to those for Theargumentfailstoruleout ta writerengageinbothtypesofwritingaswellasothe

23、rIn any event, the advertisement provides no justification for the mutually exclusive t it es on Theargumentsimplyswithmovieticketsales,whichisTheauthortphysicalcapabilitiesaretheonlyattributessarytooperateamotorMoreover,theauthor providesnottherealismofcolorphotographyisthe reasonforitsThis mptionp

24、resentsafalsedilemma,sincethetwomediaarenotsarilymutuallyexclusiveCommon ls taphotographercansucceedbyworkinginbothThe argument ignores the factors - such as initiative, creativity, technical skills, andbusiness judgment t bemorenthechoiceofmediumindeterminings in The major problem with the argument

25、 t the s ed similarities n Company Aand B are insufficient supporttCompanyAwillsufferafatesimilartoCompanyConsequently,themerefact does not support the claim Thus, the author unfairly at CompanyAholdsalargeshareoftCompanyAwill also-gamehardwareandsoftwaret highly - rated programs are sarily widelyvi

26、ewed, Whilethismay betrueinsomecases, it is t onlycompanies withtare already-sellerscanaffordthehigheradtpopularshowsAdmittedly, the the s reasoning linking employee benefits with company profits seems reasonable One can infer from the surveys benefitspackaget a full one - third of the respondents m

27、ay have viewed the Lacking more specific information about how these other employees responded, it is sible to assess reliabilityofthesurveysresultsortomakeanIt istthebrief one kperiodsundercomparisonarerepresen iveoflongertime If so, even though 3 percent more accidents occurred after the change, t

28、he authors speedlimitincreasesdangerfordriversIt istthebrief one kperiodsundercomparisonarerepresen iveoflongertime If so, even though 3 percent more accidents occurred after the change, the authors speedlimitincreasesdangerfordriverswouldbeseriouslyt changing The editorial fails to o sible n East a

29、nd West t are relevant howdriversreacttospeed-limitIn addition, while it is t many voters change their minds several times before voting, t some undecideduntilenteringthevotingbooth,thisisnottrueofWithout knowing the extent and nature of the damage resulting from the bad publicity or the reason for

30、violation,wecannotacceptthe.The authors al is inconsistent with the about the of adopting an Tobeginwith,theauthorfailstoconsiderhealthed byincineratingThe tswitchingtoincineration would bemore salutaryfor public healthwould be However,thisisnotsarilytheTheauthorsimplicittincineratorsareeconomically

31、advantageoustolandfillsis poorlyConsequently, unless the author can t the city will incur t are not covered by increasedrevenuesfromtheseprojects,theauthorsconcernabouttheseesis ofall,whiletesarerising,theauthorprovidesnoevidencetosupportthistthisexplanationisBut noevidenceisprovidedtoMoreover, the

32、author fails to consider and rule out other t might account for proportional decreases spendingonThe author ignores other likely benefits of agricultural t affect food only indirectly or place, a great deal of empirical t sequels are often not as profitable as the However,unlesstheoriginal cast andp

33、roductionteam arewillnotbellyaking the sequel, thereis a good chanceSincethedifficultieshissmakerdtopredictwhethertheresult will bea s oratthesequelwillbeprofitableispresumptuous(武斷的This mptionoverlooksother criteriafor determiningabridgesimportance - suchasthe number ofusingthebridge,theroleofthe b

34、ridgeinlocalemergenciesand disasters,andthehaveontheeconomiesof nearbytbridgeclosure Without such evidence, we cannot accept the towardma ainingtheStyxRivert ernment funds should be Thetthe nearbycityhasaweakeningeconomydoes nottthecitywill notcontributetotaxSubstantiating this amptionrequiresexamin

35、ingtheproperdutyof Accordingly, this amption is simply an unproven claim.The authoris presentingafalsedilemmabynot bemutuallyingan either -orchoicentwocourses of t It istlegislatorscanaddressreasofconcernTheargumentre sontheurbancrimetthelegislatorsinquestion(的)havetheopportunitytoFinally,theauthoru

36、nfairlytrivializestheseverityofruralcrimebysimplycomparingitwithurbanIt tthesalestrendinaparticularlocationisnotrepresen iveofsalesinFinally,theauthorunfairlytrivializestheseverityofruralcrimebysimplycomparingitwithurbanIt tthesalestrendinaparticularlocationisnotrepresen iveofsalesinotherHowever,the

37、authorfailstoacknowledgeandrule outossible causesofsuchA third problem with the argument t the s istical evidence upon which it re s is too vague to If the subjects for the study were randomly chosen and represent a diverse cross section of the population oousers,theresultswillbereliableregardlessof

38、thenumberofExperiencealoneisfarfrombeingenoughtoguaranteeminimizedsingt Olympic Foods does benefit from lowered sing costs due to its years of experience, predictionumprofitsisstillinlakeofsolid句1 開Thearguermayberightabout,butheseemstoneglect(fail)tomentionot As ed to (Contrary to) widely (commonly/

39、generally) held (accepted) be f (ideas/views), I be ve Although many people be t , I doubt (wonder) whether the argument bears ysis The advantages of B outweigh any benefit we gained from (carry more n those of / are much Althoughitiscommonly(widely/generally)held(felt/accepted/t,itisunlikelytobeThe

40、re is an element of truth in this argument (s ement), but it ignores a deeper and more basic (important essential)factIt ist(True, / Tobesure,/ Admittedly,),butthisisnot tosay(itis unlikely/it doesnt follow/it mean/it wontbetheThe main(obvious / great) problem (flaw/ drawback) with (in) this argumen

41、t (view/ remark) t it is of(blindto)thebasic(bare)t It wouldsible (natural /reasonable)tothink (be ve/ take the t, but it would beabsurdtoclaim(argue) In alltheThereist anddebateover, oneimportant(basic)fact isgenerallyoverlookedy(infact)no(every)reasonforusto be ve(accept/resist/Logical (Valid / So

42、und) as this argument and I wholeheartedly agree with it, it appears insignificant whenisoconsiderationme tisfarfrom beingproved(tomissthepo A close (careful) inspection (examination / scrutiny) of this argument would reveal how flimsy (groundless fallacious)itOn the surface thought), it (this)may s

43、eem a sound(an attractive) suggestion (solution/ idea), weighingonthemind(onysis/onsecondthought), weToo much emphasis placed on (attention paid to / importance attached to) may obscure (overlook / otherThedanger(problem/ fact/truth/ po )Whatthearguerfailstounderstand(consider/mention)vetolookveryfa

44、rtosee(findout)thetruth(validity)ofthisargumentHoweverjust(logical/sound/ valid)vetolookveryfartosee(findout)thetruth(validity)ofthisargumentHoweverjust(logical/sound/ valid)thisargumentmaybe,itonlyskimsthesurfaceofthe2 正Althoughthe popular be f / t,a current(new/recent) study (survey/ poll/ investi

45、gation) indicates Common ls Theincrease(change/failure/s)inmainly(largely/partly)resultsfrom(arisesfrom/is because Theincrease(change/failures)inisdueto(owingto/ attributableto)theManypeoplewouldOne may attribute (ascribe / owe) the increase (decrease / change) to , but is not by itself an Oneofther

46、easonsgivenforWhatisalsoworthnoticingThere are many (different / several / a number of / a variety of) causes (reasons) for this dramatic (marked significant)growth(change/decline/increase)in,Second,ThereisnoevidencetoWhyare(is/do/did)?Foronething, Foranother,AnotherreasonwhyIdisputetheaboves ementI

47、t givesriseto(leadto/bring/create)ahostofproblemsTherearenumerousreasonswhy,and IshallhereexploreonlyafewofthemostimportantIt will exert (have / produce) profound (far-reaching / remarkable / considerable / benefil / favorable / undesirable / disastrous) effect (influence) onA multitude of factors c

48、ould account for (contribute to / lead to / result in / influence) the change (increase / decrease / sucs/ failure / development) inIn 1999,itincreased(rose/jumped/shotup)from5to10percentofthetotal(to 15percent/by15percent). By comparison with 1998, it decreased (dropped / fell) from 10to 5 percent

49、(to 15 percent / by 15 percent). It account for 15 percent of the total.Therewere100trafficaccidentsinApril,andincrease of5percentinafive-monthBy 1999, onlyn / n/ almost/ about / over / as many as)three quarters (40 percent of/ one out five / one in four) college population (graduates / housewives)

50、as against (as compared with) last year preferredto3 結From s been discussed above o account all these factors / Judging from all evidence wemaysafelydraw(reach/cometo/arriveat)All the evidence sound/ ysis) supports (justifies / confirms / warrants / po s to) a(n) unshakable (unmistakable / t lace(la

51、y/ put) great( l/considerable) emphasisontheimprovement(developmentIt ishigh tincrease/promotion)It is high tut an end to the deep-seated (unhealthy / undesirable / deplorable) situation (tendency phenomenon)We must look (search / all / cry) for an immediate action (method / measure), because the present (current) situation (phenomenon / tendency / s e / attitude) of , if permitted (allowed) to continue (proc

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