女性主義文學批評的發(fā)展development of feminist criticism課件

1、Development of Feminist Criticismpresenter: 黃文婷010203OutlineFeminist Criticism (definition) The History of Feminist Criticism (three waves)Conclusion Feminist Criticism Feminist criticism is a literary criticism informed by feminist theory, or by the politics of feminism more broadly. It can be unde

2、rstood as using feminist principles and ideological discourses to critique the language of literature, its structure and being.It is concerned with .the ways in which literature (and other cultural productions) reinforce or undermine the economic, political, social, and psychological oppression of w

3、omen (Tyson).11900s - 1920sRejection of patriarchal gender bias (Who are they?)21960s - 1970sStudying of female literary history (How did they arrive at their present situation?)31980s - 1990s -Construction of feminist criticism theory (where are they going?)The History of Feminist Criticism (three

4、waves)First stage: 1900s - 1920sRejection of patriarchal gender bias1)It was not until the early 1900s that feminist criticism began to grow. Feminist find that females existence is defined and interpreted by male, the dominant being in society, which means female is subordinate to male, and she is

5、only a secondary or nonexistent player in the major social institutions of her culture.3)Proponents: Virginia Woolf(弗吉尼亞伍爾芙) ; Simone de Beauvoir(西蒙娜德波伏娃) 2)Thus, womens goal is to revolt the patriarchal societal construct and define female identity themselves.LOREMLOREMLOREMLOREMWith the 1949 publi

6、cation of The Second Sex 第二性by the French writer Simone de Beauvoir (1908-1986), feminist interests were once again surfacing. (the foundation work of twentieth-century feminism)“for a man represents both the positive and the neutral, whereas woman represents only the negative, defined by limiting c

7、riteria.”LOREMSimone de Beauvoir(西蒙娜德波伏娃) 123Moving from political to literary arena throughout 1960s and 1970s, feminists in this stage distinguished sex and gender, arguing that women must establish female social conventions for themselves by carrying out female discourse, literary studies, and co

8、nstructing feminist theory.Second stage: 1960s - 1970sStudying of female literary historyFeminist critics began to examine the traditional literary canon and discover examples of male prejudice that support the assertion that male considered the female as “the Other”, an unnatural or deviant being.P

9、roponents: Kate Millett (凱特米利特), Elaine Showalter (伊萊恩肖瓦爾特)the “feminine” phase (“女人氣”階段1840 - 1880) 01She is one of the founders of contemporary feminist critics. In her text A Literature of Their Own 她們自己的文學，she declares there are 3 historical phases of evolution in female writing. Elaine Showalte

10、r (伊萊恩肖瓦爾特)the “feminist” phase (“女權(quán)主義”階段1880 - 1920) 02the “female” phase (“女性”階段1970-)03Third stage: 1980s - 1990s -Construction of feminist criticism theory1)Since female authors were excluded from the literary canon by those male professors who first established the canon, feminists urged that s

11、uch exclusion of female voice must stop.2)Feminists should construct a female framework for analysis of womens literature to develop new models based on the study of female experience, rather than adapt to male models and theories.Writers like Alice Walker work to “.reconcile it feminism with the concerns of the black community.and the survival and wholeness of her people, men and women bo