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文檔簡(jiǎn)介
Grammar
pastparticiplesvs-ingformExamples
ofpastpartiplesvsthe-ingform
fromP38&P44Beforestartingout,theyspentacoupleofdaysinVancouver,_______(see)thesights.Thenextdaywasclearandmild,andtheywerepleasedtoseethebeautifulmountains________(look)outoverthecity._______(see)fromthetrainwindow,themountainsandforestsofCanadalookedmassive.seeinglookingSeenTheywenttroughtwowheat-growingprovinces,______theysawabunchoffarmsthatcoveredaverylargearea.Thebushesandmapletreesoutsidetheirwindowswerered,gold,andorange,andtherewasfrostontheground,________(confirm)thatautumnhadarrivedinCanada.whereconfirmingInadditionto_______(see)spectacularmountainpeaksandforests,onehighlightoftheirtripwasbeingabletoseemanydifferentcreatures,_______(include)deer,mountaingoats,andevenagrizzlybearandaneagle.Itwasnotuntil9:30a.m______theyfinallyreachedthecapitalofOntario,Toronto.seeingincludingthat________(stand)inthedistance,theywereastonishedto________(see)mistycloudsrisingfromthegreatNiagaraFalls,________isonthesouthsideofthelake.Thegirlssawhundredsofskyscrapersofglassandsteel,andold-fashionedcars_______(roll)by.StandingseewhichrollingForbothofthem,thethoughtof______(cross)thewholecountrybyrailwas_______(excite).Later,theyvisitanislandthathadwonderfulshops______(sell)craftsandantiques.However,theydidnotanticipate______(see)suchanopencountry,andweretruly______(amze).crossingexcitedsellingseeingamazedThenextmorning,thetwogirlsaroseearlytotaketheraintoLakeLouise,________(pass)throughtheCanadianRockies.______(look)atthebeautifulscenery,theybothagreedthatitwasthemostawesomejourneytheyhadevertaken.ThecounsinschattedwithLinFei,____hadmovedtoCanadamanyyearsearlier.passingLookingwhov-ing形式和過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)
動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí),表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或經(jīng)常存在的狀態(tài)。動(dòng)詞-ing形式常作以下動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語。動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語1.表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的感官動(dòng)詞(短語)(常見的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等)+sb.+doingsth.(作賓補(bǔ))eg:Isawthelittleboycryingthere.2.表示指使意義的使役動(dòng)詞(常見的有have,let,keep,get,leave等)+sb./sth.+doingsth.(作賓補(bǔ))eg:Iwon’thaveyourunningaboutintheroom.動(dòng)詞-ed形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語1.過去分詞用在表狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞keep,leave等詞的后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語。eg:Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,leavingthebreakfastuntouched.2.過去分詞用在使役動(dòng)詞have/get和make的后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語。eg:TheteachertriedtomakeherselfunderstoodbyusingverysimpleEnglish.Johnhadhiscarfixedyesteredayafternoon.Lucygotherhaircutlastnight.3.感官動(dòng)詞see,hear,notice,observe,watch,feel,find等后,可用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。eg:Whenwesawtheroadblockedwithsnow,wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome.Thenextmorningpeoplefoundtheworldoutsidetheirhousescompletelychanged.v-ing形式和過去分詞作定語
現(xiàn)在分詞表示進(jìn)行,主動(dòng);過去分詞表示已完成,被動(dòng)。eg:falling
leaves
正在落下的葉子(表正在進(jìn)行)
fallen
leaves
落葉(表完成)boilingwater
正在沸騰的水
boiledwater
開水
developingcountries
發(fā)展中國(guó)家
developedcountries
發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家Themobilephonelyingonthedeskbelongstome.=Themobilephonewhichislyingonthedeskbelongstome.(themobilephone和lie為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞)Themobilephoneplacedonthedeskbelongstome.=Themobilephonewhichisplacedonthedeskbelongstome.(themobilephone和place為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過去分詞)V-ing與過去分詞作狀語的區(qū)別V-ing表主動(dòng),正在進(jìn)行關(guān)系;
過去分詞表被動(dòng),已經(jīng)完成關(guān)系。eg:_________hisclassmates,heenteredtheclassrom.__________byhisclassmates,heenteredtheclassrom.FollowingFollowed_______fromthehill,the
city
lookslike
a
big
garden.如果句子的主語和分詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,用_______,句子的主語和分詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用_________?,F(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞_______fromthehill,youwillfindthe
city
looks
like
a
big
garden.
SeenSeeingExcercises1.________(give)moretime,wecandotheworkbetter.2.________(give)usmoretime,youcangetabetterresult.3.________(compare)himwithyou,Ithinkyouarelucky.4._______(compare)withhim,youarelucky.GivenGivingComparingCompared5._______(find)themanstealingmywallet,Icalledthepolice.6.Once_______(find)smokingintheoffice,youwillbefined.7.Theprofessorcameintotheclassroom,_______(follow)hisstudents.8.Theprofessorcameintotheclassroom,_______(follow)byhisstudents.9.Thestudent________(speak)totheteachernowisourmonitor.Findingfoundfollowingfollowedspeaking10.Theproblem_________(discuss)yesterdayisofgreatimportance.11.Themachine________(repair)yesterdayisbrokenagain.12.Theguests__________(invite)tothemeetingwereallspecialists.13.Helivesinthehouse_________(face)thenorth.discussedrepairedinvitedfacing14.Pleasespeakloudlytomakeyourself_________(hear)clearly.15.Don’tkee
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