2023年山東大學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)完型填空和閱讀試題

PasｓageＦｏur(２０23年６月)Qｕeｓtｉoｎs36to4０areｂasedontｈefｏllowiｎgpassage.Whenｗeworryａboｕtwhｏmightbespyinｇonoｕrpriｖateｌives,weｕsuａlｌｙthinkaｂｏuttheＦederaｌagｅnts．Butthｅpriｖatesｅctoroｕtdoeｓthｅgoveｒｎmenteｖｅrｙtｉme.It’sLindaTriｐｐ，nｏｔtheFＢＩ,whｏiｓfacｉngcｈarｇesuｎｄerMａryland’sｌawsagaiｎｓtseｃｒettelephonｅtapinｇ.Iｔ’ｓｏｕrbａnｋｓ,nｏtｔheInternalRｅvｅnｕｅServｉce(IRS),thatpａssourpｒivａt(yī)efinaｎｃialｄaｔatotｅlemarketingfｉrms.ConsumeractｉvｉstｓareｐｒessiｎgCｏｎgressfｏｒbｅttｅrｐrivａcylawｓwithｏutmuｃhresultsofａr.Ｔhelegiｓlaｔorｓlｅanｔｏwardlettｉｎgbuｓinesspeopletrａckourfiｎancialhabitｓｖiｒtuallyａt(yī)will.Asanｅxampｌeofｗhaｔ’sgoｉngoｎ,consiｄerU.S．Baｎｃorp,whichwasrｅcentｌysuedforｄeceptｉvｅpractiｃesbytｈestａt(yī)ｅofMiｎｎesｏtａ.Aｃcｏrdｉngtothｅlａｗsｕit,thebankｓｕｐpｌiedatｅlemarkｅteｒcalｌedMembeｒＷｏｒksｗithｓensiｔivecustoｍeｒdataｓuchａsnamｅｓ，ｐｈoｎenｕmbers，bank－accounｔａndｃredit-ｃarｄnumｂｅｒs，SoｃｉalＳｅcurｉtyｎuｍbｅｒs,ａｃcountｂalanceｓandcreditliｍits.Witｈthesｅｃustｏmｅｒlistsinhand,ＭemberWorksｓtarｔeddiａlｉｎgfordollaｒs-ｓeｌlｉngｄentaｌplanｓ,vｉdeoｇames，cｏｍｐｕterｓoftwaｒeandoｔhｅrproductsａndserviｃes.Cｕｓｔomｅrswhｏaccｅpteｄa“ｆｒeetrｉaloｆfeｒ”had30ｄaｙsｔｏcａncel.Ifthedｅadｌinｅpassed,theywerechargedａutomaｔicalｌythroｕghｔheirｂanｋｏrｃrediｔ-caｒｄaccounts.U.S．Ｂancｏrpcolｌectedashareoftheｒｅｖenｕeｓ.Custoｍｅrsweｒedｏublｙｄeceiｖed,thｅｌawsuitｃlａims.Tｈeｙ,didｎ’ｔkｎowthaｔｔhｅbａnkｗasgivｉｎgaccｏuntnumbｅrstoMｅmｂerWｏrｋs.Andifcustomeｒsaｓked,theywerelｅdtothiｎktｈeaｎｓwerwａsno.Thｅstａt(yī)eｓｕeｄMemberWorkssｅpaｒaｔeｌyforｄｅｃｅptiｖｅｓｅllｉnｇ.Ｔhecompａnydeniｅsｔｈａｔitdidaｎｙｔhｉｎgｗrｏng.Fｏrｉtsparｔ，Ｕ．S.Bａncoｒpsettledwithoutadmiｔtinｇａnｙmisｔakes．Buｔitaｇreeｄtostopeｘpoｓｉnｇiｔscuｓtoｍerｓtonoｎfｉｎanｃialpｒoｄuctｓsoldｂyoｕｔsiｄefirms．Afewｔｏｐｂaｎｋsdｅcidｅdtodｏｔhｅsame.ManyｏtherbankswiｌｌｓtillｄoｂusｉnｅsswitｈMemberWoｒksａｎdsｉmiｌaｒｆirｍs.Andbankｓwilｌsｔillbｅmｉniｎgｄａt(yī)ａｆromyourａcｃounｔinorderｔosellyoｕfiｎanｃialpｒoduｃts,inｃｌuｄiｎgthinｇsoｆlittleｖａlue,sucｈａscredｉｔｉnsｕranceanｄcｒeｄｉt-cardproteｃtｉonpｌａns.Youhaveaｌmostnｏｐrｏtecｔionfrombuｓiｎesseｓthaｔuseyouｒｐersｏnalaｃcouｎtｓforproｆit.Forexample,nｏfederａllaｗｓhｉｅlds“tranｓacｔｉonandexｐerｉeｎce”inｆｏrmａｔioｎ-maｉｎlytheｄｅｔａｉlsofｙｏurｂankanｄｃrediｔ-caｒｄａｃｃｏunｔs.ＳocialSecｕｒityｎumbersareforsａlebyprｉvaｔeｆｉrms.They’veｇｅnerallｙagrｅe(cuò)dnｏｔtoｓelltothepublｉc.Ｂutｔobｕsinessｅs,ｔheｎumbeｒsareanopenｂoｏk．Ｓelf-rｅｇuｌａt(yī)iondoｅsn’twork.Afｉrmmiｇhtｐublishａｐrｉvacy－pｒｏtｅctｉｏｎpoliｃy，butwｈoeｎforcesit？TaｋeＵ.S.Bancoｒpagａｉn.Cusｔoｍeｒｓweｒetｏｌd,inwｒitｉnｇ，tｈat“aｌｌpersoｎaliｎfｏｒmatｉoｎyoｕsupｐlytｏuｓwiｌlｂｅｃonｓidereｄcｏnｆidentｉａl.”ＴｈenitsoldyｏurdaｔatoMｅmberWｏｒks.Thebankevenｃlaiｍｓtｈatitdｏｅsｎ’t“ｓell”yoｕｒｄａt(yī)aatall.Itmerely“ｓhａｒes”ｉtａｎdreapsaｐｒofiｔ.Ｎｏwyouknow．36.?Contｒaｒytｏpopularbelieｆ，ｔheauｔhorfindsthatspyiｎｇonpeoｐle’sprｉvａｃy_＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)__.A)iｓprａcticｅdexclusivelybyｔheFBＩB)ｉｓmorepｒevａlｅｎｔｉnｂuｓinesｓciｒclｅsC)hasｂeeniｎtｅnsｉfiｅｄwｉｔｈtｈehelpoｆtheIRSＤ)ismaｉnlycarrｉedoｕtbｙｍｅａｎｓoｆｓecrｅttａping37．?Ｗeknｏｗfｒomtｈepassagethat_____＿＿_(dá).A)ｔhesｔateｏfMｉnｎesｏtaｉsconsidｅrinｇdrawｉnguplａwsｔｔectprivatｅiｎfoｒmaｔionB)mostsｔatesａreｔurningabliｎｄeyeｔｏthｅdeceptiｖｅprａｃtｉcesｏｆpriｖatebusineｓseｓＣ)legislatｏrsaｒeacｔiｎgtopaｓsalａvidｅbeｔtｅrprｉvaｃｙpｒotectionＤ)lａwmaｋerｓarｅｉｎcｌｉnedtogｉｖeafｒeehａndtｏbuｓiｎessｅstoｉｎｑuｉｒeinｔoｃustoｍerｓ’buyｉnghabits38．?Whenthe“fｒeeｔriaｌ”ｄeａdliｎeisover,you’llbｅｃharｇedｗithouｔｎｏticeforaproｄuctorseｒｖiｃeiｆ__＿_(dá)__＿＿．A)youhａppentoreｖealyourｃrｅditｃａrｄnumｂeｒB)yｏufaｉlｔocanｃｅlｉｔwiｔhｉｎｔhｅsｐecｉfiedperiodC)ｙｏufａiltｏａpplｙfoｒeｘtensiｏnofthedeaｄlineD)yｏufiｎdｔｈductorserviceunsatisfaｃtorｙ39. Bｕｓｉnｅsｓesdoｎotrｅgardinformaｔioｎcoｎcerningpｅrsoｎaｌｂａnｋaccｏuｎtsaｓｐrivatebecaｕse________．A)itｉｓcｏｎｓidereｄ“transacｔionandｅxｐeriｅnce”infｏrmationｕnprotｅcｔedｂylaｗＢ)ｉthａsalwaysｂeencｏnsidｅredanopeｎsｅcretｂytｈegeneraｌpｕｂliｃC）iｔssalecanｂebroughｔｕndercontroｌtｈｒougｈself-regulａt(yī)ｉonD）iｔsｒｅｖｅlaｔｉｏnwilｌdonoharmtoｃoｎsumeｒｓuｎdertheｃurｒeｎtprotectｉonｐolicy4０．?Wｅcａninferfｒomtｈepassａgethaｔ___＿_(dá)___．A)ｂankswiｌｌｈａvetochａngetｈｅiｒwaysofｄoingbuｓinｅssＢ)“freetｒial”pracｔiceｗｉlｌｅventｕaｌlybebanｎｅdC)priｖａcyｐrotectiｏnlawswillsoonbeenforcedＤ)consuｍeｒs’privacｙwｉllcontinｕetobeinｖａded36.?Ｂ37. Ｄ38.?Ｂ39.?A40.?Ｄ199７年６月Ｗhethertheeyｅsarｅ“thewindｏwsofｔheｓｏul”isｄebａt(yī)aｂle，thａt(yī)theyeｎsｅlｙiｍpｏｒtanterｐeｒsｏnalcommunicatioｎｉsafacｔ.Ｄｕrｉnｇｔhｅfirsｔtｗomonｔhsｏfaｂaby’sｌife，thｅstｉｍｕlusthａt(yī)pｒoduｃｅsasｍｉlｅiｓaｐａiroｆeyes.Ｔheｅyeｓneednoｔｂereａｌ:amaskｗiｔhtwodotsｗillｐroduceａsmｉle.Ｓignificaｎtly,aｒｅaｌｈumanfａｃｅwitheyestheｎtheｆacewilｌｎｏtmｏｔivaｔeａsmile,ｎorwilltｈesｉghtofｏnlyoneeyｅtheｎthｅｆａceispresｅｎｔedｉｎpｒｏfiｌe.Thisattｒacｔiontoeyesasopｐosedｔoｔhenoseｏrmouthcｏntiｎuesａstｈｅbabymatures.Inｏnesｔｕｄy,wheｎA(yù)meｒicanfour－ｙear－oldｓwereasｋeｄtodrawpeoplｅ，75ｐｅrｃｅntofｔｈemdrewpeopｌewithmouths,buｔ９９pｅrcｅntofthemdrｅwｐｅｏpleｗｉｔheyeｓ.ＩnJapan,ｈowｅver,wｈerebabiesarecａrriedｏnｔｈeirｍｏther’sback,iｎfaｎｔsｔoｎotａcquireａsmuchaｔtaｃｈmentｔｏeｙeｓastheｙdoinothercuｌｔures.Ａsareｓult,Japaneｓeaｄｕlｔsmakelittｌｅuseｏｆthｅfaｃeeｉtｈeｒtｏｅｎcodeoｒdeｃodｅmeaning.Infact,Argｙlｅreｖeａｌsthaｔｔhe“ｐroperplaｃeｔｏfｏcusｏne’sgazｅdurｉｎgaconveｒｓatiｏninJaｐanisontheneｃｋofone’ｓcｏｎversaｔionｐaｒtｎer.”Ｔhｅroleｏｆeyecontａctinacｏｎversａt(yī)ionａｌｅxchangｅbeｔweｅntwoAｍericansｉsｗeｌｌdｅfiｎeｄ:speakｅrsmakecｏｎｔaｃｔwｉｔhｔｈeeｙesoｆｔhｅiｒlistenerfｏraboutoneｓeconｄ，tｈengｌａncｅaｗayasｔheytalk;ｉnafewｍｏmentsｔｈｅyｒe-estaｂｌiｓhｅyeｃoｎtaｃtwithｔｈelisｔｅnerorreaｓｓurethemｓelvestｈattheｉraudiｅnｃeissｔillaｔtenｔive，ｔhｅnshifｔｔhｅirｇazeawayonｃｅmｏre．Lisｔeｎeｒs,ｍeaｎwhilｅ，ｋeeptｈeireyesｏｎthefaceofthesｐeａker,alｌｏwinｇtｈemselｖes-ｔｏgｌanceaｗayoｎlybriｅflｙ.Iｔisimportａｎtthatｔheybelookingaｔthespeａkｅｒaｔtｈｅ`ｐrecｉsemoｍeｎｔwheｎｔhｅｓpeａｋｅrreestaｂlｉｓhｅseyｅｃoｎｔaｃt：iftheyarｅnｏｔlｏokｉng,tｈespeakｅｒasｓumesthａt(yī)tｈeyａrediｓinterｅsｔeｄaｎdeｉtｈerwilｌｐａｕseuntｉｌｅyecｏｎtactisrｅsuｍｅdoｒwｉllterminatethｅcｏｎvｅrsaｔioｎ.Justhｏwｃritiｃaｌthｉseyeｍaneuverｉｎgiｓtｏｔhemainteｎaｎcｅofcoｎvｅrｓaｔionａｌｆｌoｗbeｃomeseｖｉdentwｈentwoｓpeaｋerｓareｗeａｒinｇdarkglassｅs:ｔhereｍaybeaｓorｔoｆtraffiｃjamｏfwordｓcauｓedbyinｔerrｕption，falsesｔａrts,ａｎdｕnprediｃtablepaｕｓes.36. Tｈｅａuｔhorisconviｎcedthaｔtｈeeyesaｒe＿_(dá)______．A)oｆextremeｉｍｐortａｎｃeiｎexpreｓsiｎgｆeelｉｎgsanｄexchangｉngｉdｅasB）sｏmethinｇthroｕghwｈichoneｃanseeａpersｏｎ’sinnerworldC）ｏfｃonｓiｄerableｓｉgnificanｃeinmakingconversatioｎsiｎｔｅｒestingD)ｓoｍethiｎgthevａluｅｏfwhichｉｓｌaｒgｅlyａmatｔeroflongdebatｅ37. Ｂabieswiｌlnｏtbesｔimｕｌatｅdｔosmiｌebyaｐｅrson＿＿_(dá)_____.Ａ）wｈosefrontviewisｆullyｐｅrceivedB)ｗｈoｓefａｃｅｉsｃoverｅdwｉthamaskC)whosefaｃeisseenfromthesiｄeD)whosｅfaceiｓfｒeｅoｆanｙcoｖerｉng38．?Ａccordinｇｔｏthepasｓage,theJaｐanesefｉxtheirｇaｚeontheｉｒｃｏnveｒsationpaｒtｎｅr’snｅcｋbｅcａuse＿_(dá)______.A)theydｏn’tliketokeｅpｔheｉreyesonｔhefaceofthespeaｋeｒＢ)theｙneednoｔｃommunicatｅthｒoｕgheyｅcontacｔC)theydon’tthinkitｐｏｌiteｔohaveeｙeconｔaｃtD)thｅydｉdn’thaveｍuchｏpportunｉtytoｃommunicaｔethroughｅyｅcｏntaｃtinbａｂyhoｏd39. Accordingtothepassａgｅ，aｃonverｓationbetｗeenｔｗoAmericansmaｙbｒeakdowndｕetｏ_______＿.A)ｏnｅtempoｒaｒilyｇlａnｃｉｎgawａyfrｏｍｔheoｔheｒB)eyeｃontactoｆmoｒeｔｈａnoneｓecｏndＣ)improperlｙ－timｅｄcｅasingｏfeyeｃｏntacｔD)cｏｎsｔａntａdjustmｅntofeyｅcontact４0． Ｔｏｋeeｐacｏnvｅrｓatｉonｆlowiｎgsmooｔhly,iｔisbetterｆorｔhｅparticipanｔs＿＿_(dá)_____．Ａ）notｔowｅaｒdａｒkspecｔａclesB)noｔtomａｋeanyｉｎｔerruｐｔｉonsＣ）nottoglａnceaｗayfromeachoｔherD)ｎottoｍakeunpｒedictaｂlepａuｓes36.?A37.?C38. D39.?C40. A199８年１月Ａfeｗcoｍｍonｍｉscｏncepｔionｓ.Beautyiｓoｎlｙsｋinｄeep.Ｏｎe’spｈｙｓicａlassｅtｓaｎdｌiabｉｌitiｅsdon’tcｏuｎtａllthatmｕchinamanageｒialcarｅe(cuò)r．Awomanshoｕldaｌwaysｔrｙtolookｈｅｒｂest．Ovｅrthelast３0yｅars,ｓｏciａlsｃｉentiｓtshavｅconｄucｔeｄmｏｒeｔhaｎ1,０00studiesofhowweｒｅacttobeautifuｌandnｏtsobeautifｕlpeoｐle.Ｔheｖｉrｔuallyunanimoｕｓcｏnｃlｕsｉon:Looｋｓdomatter,morｅthａnmｏｓtｏfuｓrｅaliｚe．Thｅdａt(yī)aｓuggｅｓt,ｆorｅxaｍｐle，thatｐhyｓicａlｌyａt(yī)trａctivｅｉndｉｖiduａｌｓａreｍorelikelytobeｔreatedｗeｌlbyｔｈeirpａrｅnts,sｏｕghtoｕtａｓfriends,andｐurｓuedroｍantｉｃally.Wiｔｈthｅpossｉｂleexceｐtionofwｏmenseekingmanａgerｉaljobs，ｔｈｅyaｒealｓｏmｏｒelikelytobeｈｉreｄ,ｐaｉdｗelｌ,andproｍｏteｄ．UｎA(yù)ｍerｉcａn，yｏusay,uｎｆaiｒaｎdｅｘtrｅmelyuｎｂeｌievable?Oｎceagain,thescientistshavｅcａughtusmouthiｎｇpietｉes(虔誠(chéng))whｉleactingjustthecontrａｒy.Ｔhｅｉrｔｙpicａlｅxperimｅｎtworｋsｓomｅthｉnｇlikｅthis.Tｈｅyｇｉveeaｃhmeｍbeｒofagｒoup-ｃolｌｅgestudents,orteaｃｈeｒsｏｒcｏrpｏraｔｅpｅｒｓonnelmangers－apｉｅceｏfpａpｅrreｌatｉｎｇａnindivｉdual’sacｃompliｓhｍeｎｔs．Ａｔtachedtｏｔheｐapｅrisaphotogｒapｈ.Whｉleｔheｐapersallsaｙexaｃtｌｙthｅsaｍeｔhｉｎgthepictureｓaｒｅdiｆfｅreｎt.Sｏmeｓhowａstriｋinglyａt(yī)trａctｉveperson,ｓoｍeanａverageloｏkｉngｃhaｒａｃｔer，ａndsoｍeanunusuallyunattraｃtｉｖeｈumanｂeing．Grｏｕｐmeｍbersａｒeaskedtoratethｅｉndivｉdualoncerｔainattrｉbuｔｅs，ａnyｔhingｆrompｅrｓｏnalwａrmｔhｔothｅliｋelｉhoodtｈatｈeｏrsｈewiｌlｂｅpromotｅd.Almｏsｔinvａriabｌy,thebetterlookingtheｐｅｒsonｉnthｅpictｕre,thｅhigｈｅrｔｈeperｓoｎｉsｒated.Inthephraｓe,boｒｒｏwedfｒomSappho,thaｔtｈesoｃialｓcｉentistsuｓetｏsumupｔmonpｅrceptiｏn,whａt(yī)isbeａｕtｉfｕlisgｏoｄ.Inbuｓinesｓ,however,gｏodlookｓcutbothｗayｓforwomen,andｄeepertｈanformｅn.ＡUｔaｈＳtaｔeUｎiversityｐrofｅsｓor,whoisanａuthoritｙoｎｔｈesuｂject,explａiｎｓ：Iｎtｅrmｓoftheｉrcaｒｅe(cuò)rs,theimpacｔofpｈysicalａt(yī)ｔraｃtiｖenessｏｎｍalｅｓisonｌymｏdest.Butitｓpotentialｉｍpaｃtonfｅｍａlescａnbeｔreｍendｏuｓ，ｍakiｎgｉｔｅasｉｅｒ，forexampｌe，forthemoreattractivetoｇeｔjobｓwhｅreｔheyaｒeinthepｕbliceyｅ．Onanotheｒnote，thoｕgh，ｔherｅｉsｅｎougｈliｔerａt(yī)ｕrenowforuｓtoconclｕｄethａｔattｒacｔｉveｗoｍｅｎwｈo21. Aｃcｏrｄiｎgtothｅpassaｇｅ,ｐeoｐleｏftｅnwrｏnglybelｉevethａt(yī)inpurｓuingacａrｅe(cuò)rasamａｎaｇｅr________.A)aｐersoｎ’sprｏpeｒtｙordeｂtsｄonｏtmatｔermuchB)ａperson’soutwaｒdappｅaｒaｎceisnoｔaｃｒｉticａlqｕａｌｉｆicａt(yī)ionC)woｍenshoｕldalｗaysdressfaｓｈionaｂlｙD）wｏmｅnｓhoulｄnotonｌybeatｔracｔivｅbuｔａlｓohｉghminｄeｄ2２.?Theresultofresｅarchcａｒrieｄouｔbysｏcialsｃｉentistｓshowthat___＿_(dá)_＿_(dá).A)ｐeｏpledoｎotrealizetheｉmportanceoflookinｇｏnｅ’sbestＢ）woｍeninpｕｒsuiｔofｍａnageｒiaｌｊobsarenotlｉｋelｙtobepaｉdwelｌC)gｏodlookｉngwomenａspireｔomanagerｉalｐosiｔionsD)attrａｃtiｖｅpeoplｅｇenerallyhａveaｎadvａnｔageoverthoｓewhoaｒｅｎoｔ23. Expeｒｉmenｔsbyscｉenｔｉsｔshａｖeｓhownthaｔｗｈeｎpeｏpleevaluateindｉviduａlsoncｅrtainattriｂｕtes___＿_(dá)___.A)theｙｏbsｅrvethｅpｒinｃiｐlethａt(yī)bｅａutyｉｓonlyｓkindeepB)theydｏｎotusｕallyaｃtaccordingｔothｅvｉewstheysupｐortC)ｔhｅyｇiveordinaryloｏkingpｅｒsoｎsｔｈelowｅstraｔingsＤ)theytenｄtobasetｈｅｉrjudgmeｎtonｔｈeiｎdivｉdual’ｓaccompｌｉshmentｓ2４.?“Goodlｏoksｃutbｏtｈwaｙsｆoｒwomｅｎ”（Ｌine1,Para．5）meａｎｓthat__＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)_.A)attracｔｉｖewomeｎhavetremｅndouspｏtentiａｌｉmｐactonｐublｉcｊobsＢ）goｏdｌｏoｋｉnｇwomenalwａysgｅtｔhｅbestｏfｅvｅryｔhｉnｇＣ)beｉnｇattracｔiｖｅiｓnotaｌwayｓaｎadvantａgｅforｗｏmｅnＤ)attraｃtｉvewomｅｎdonoｔdoaｓwelｌasunattｒａｃtiｖewoｍｅnｉnmanagerialposiｔｉｏns25． Iｔｃanbｅinferredfromthｅpａssaｇetｈａｔintheｂｕｓineｓswoｒlｄ＿＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)_.Ａ)hａndsomemｅnarｅnotafｆecteｄaｓmucｈbｙtheirlookｓasaｔtractｉvewoｍenareB)pｈｙsicａllｙａt(yī)tｒacｔivewomenwｈｏareinｔhepubｌicｅyeuｓuaｌlydｏquiｔeｗeｌlC）physicallyatｔractiｖemｅnanｄｗomenｗhｏａｒeｉｎthepubliceyｅuｓｕａllｙgｅtalongｑuiteｗeｌlＤ）goodｌｏoksaｒeimpoｒtantfｏrwomｅnastheyaｒefoｒｍen21．?Ｂ22．?Ｄ2３．?B24. C25． A２023年6月Reeｂokexｅcｕｔｉvｅsdonotliketｏheａrtheirsｔyliｓhatｈleｔiｃshoescallｅd“ｆooｔｗｅａrforyuppieｓ（雅皮士,少壯高薪職業(yè)人士)”.Thｅｙcｏnｔendthａt(yī)Reeｂoksｈoesappeaｌtoｄiveｒsemarｋetsｅgmｅnts,eｓpeciａllynoｗtｈatthｅｃoｍpaｎyofferｓbａsｋｅtballａndchｉldreｎ’sshoeｓｆoｒtheunｄｅr-1８setandwaｌｋｉngｓhoesfｏrolｄｅrcustomersnoｔinteresteｄｉnaeｒｏbｉcs(健身操)ｏｒrunnｉnｇ.Tｈｅe(cuò)xｅcｕｔivesalsopointoutthatthroｕｇhrecenｔaｃquisiｔｉoｎｓｔhｅｙhavｅadｄedｈikｉnｇboots，dressandcaｓualshoeｓ，ａnｄｈigh-perforｍanｃeaｔhletiｃfootwｅartotheirproｄuctｌines,aｌｌofwhiｃhｓhouｌdaｔtrａctnewaｎdvaｒiｅdｇrouｐsｏfcuｓｔomers．Ｓtｉlｌ,ｄespｉteｉｔsemphasisｏnnewmarkｅts,Reebokplanｓfewchａngesintheuｐmarkeｔ（高檔消費(fèi)人群的)rｅｔａilinｇnetworkｔｈathelpｅｄpushsaｌesto＄１biｌlionannｕallｙ,ahｅａｄofａllｏtｈｅｒｓportsshoｅmarｋｅtｅｒs．Reｅbokshｏes,wｈichaｒｅpricｅｄfroｍ$27to$８5，wiｌlｃoｎtinuetobｅsoldonlyiｎbｅtｔｅrspecｉaltｙ,spoｒｔｉｎgｇoodｓ，ａnｄｄeｐartｍentstores,iｎaccordancｅｗiththeｃｏmｐanｙ’sｖieｗtｈatcｏnｓumersjｕdgetｈeｑuaｌityofｔhebrandbythｅｑualｉtyofｉtsdｉsｔribuｔioｎ．Inthepastfewyearｓ,tｈeMaｓsａｃhｕｓｅtts-basedcompanyhasiｍposｅｄlimｉｔsonthｅnｕmbeｒofitsｄiｓtribuｔｏrs(anｄｔｈenumberofｓhoessuppｌiedtostoｒes),partｌyoｕtoｆnｅcessiｔy.AtｔimｅstheuｎeｘpectedｄemaｎｄfoｒＲeｅbok’sｅxceedｅdsupply,ａnｄthecompanycoulｄbarｅｌykeｅpupwitｈordersｆromｔｈeｄeaｌｅrｓitaｌｒeadyｈａd.Tｈesefulfillmenｔｐroblｅmｓsｅe(cuò)ｍtobeundｅrｃontrｏlnow，buｔthecｏmpaｎｙisstillselectiｖeaboutitsdistribuｔｏrs.Aｔpｒeｓent，ＲeebokshｏesａrｅavailａbleinaｂoutfivｅｔｈousanｄｒetaｉlsｔoresiｎthｅUｎitedStａt(yī)es．Reｅbｏkhａｓalreadyaｎticipaｔｅｄtｈaｔｗalkｉnｇｓhｏｅswｉlｌbetheｎｅｘtfitness－relaｔeｄcｒaze,replacｉnｇaerｏbicssｈoeｓｔhesａmeｗａyitsｂriｇhtlycｏlored，sofｔleatｈereｘercisｅfｏｏtweａｒｒeplacedｃｏnventioｎalruｎnｉngshoeｓ.Thｒouｇhpｒodｕctdivｅrsifｉcatioｎaｎdcarｅｆulmarｋeｔreseaｒｃｈ，ReebｏkｈｏpestoavoｉdtｈｅdisｔｒibutionｐrｏbｌemｓNiｋecaｍeacrosｓsevｅralｙearsago，whenNikｅmisjudgeｄthｅstｒengtｈoｆｔｈｅaerobicｓsｈoecraｚｅandwaｓｆｏｒceｄtounloadｈugeinｖeｎtoｒｉesofｒunｎｉngsｈoeｓthｒoughdiscｏuntstoｒes.36.?OnereａsｏｎｗhyReebok’sｍanagｅrialpeｒsonneldｏn’tliｋetheｉrｓhｏeｓtｏbeｃａllｅd“fooｔwｅaｒfｏryｕppｉｅs”ｉsthａt(yī)___＿_(dá)___.A)thｅybeliｅveｔhattheiｒsｈoesarepoｐuｌａｒｗiｔhpeopleofｄiffｅｒeｎtagegrouｐｓB)newｐｒoｄuctｉonlineｓhaveｂeeｎaddeｄtoｐrｏdｕceiｎeｘpｅｎsiveshｏesＣ)“yuppies”usｕａllyevokeｓａｎegatiｖeiｍageD）theｔermmakespeopｌｅｔhinｋofpｒｏhiｂiｔiｖｅpｒｉｃes37． Reebok’ｓｖiewｔhat“consｕmerｓjuｄｇetheqｕaliｔyofthｅｂrandｂyｔｈequａliｔyofｉtsdiｓtｒｉｂuｔioｎ”(Ｌｉｎe５，Para．2)ｉmpliｅsｔhat____＿＿_(dá)＿.A)ｔｈequalｉtyoｆabranｄiｓmeａｓuredbythesｅrviceｑuａlityｏfthestｏrｅｓelliｎｇiｔＢ)thequaliｔｙofaｐrｏｄuctdeteｒminｅstｈeｑｕalityofitsｄistributｏrｓC）tｈｅpｏpulａriｔyofａbｒａnｄisｄｅterminｅｄbythestoresthatsellitD)coｎsumｅrsbeｌievetｈａt(yī)firｓt-raｔepｒodｕctsaｒeoｎｌysoｌdｂyhiｇh-qualitysｔｏres38. Rｅe(cuò)bokoncehadｔolimittheｎumｂｅrofitsdistriｂutoｒsbecａuse＿_(dá)___＿＿_(dá)．A)itsｓupplyoｆpｒoduｃtsfｅｌｌsｈorｔofdeｍandB)toomanｙdiｓtｒibｕtorｓwoulｄcutｉｎtoiｔsｐrofitsＣ)ｔhereｄuctioｎｏfdistributorsｃoulｄincreaseiｔsshareｏｆthemaｒkｅtD)itwantedｔｏenhanceconｓumｅrｃonfｉｄenceinitsprｏｄucｔs３9． AlthｏｕｇhtｈeReeboｋCompanyhassｏlvedtheｐｒｏｂlemoffulfｉllingiｔsorders，iｔ＿＿_(dá)___＿_(dá).A）ｄoesnotｗaｎtｔofｕrtherｅｘpａｎditsrｅtaｉｌｉngｎetｗｏrkB）sｔilllimｉtsｔｈenｕmｂerofsｈoesｓupｐliｅdtｏｓtoresC)issｔｉllｐarticulａraboutwhosellsｉtｓproductｓD）stｉｌlｃarｅfullｙchooｓesthemaｎufａctureｒsｏｆｉｔｓproductｓ4０. WhatleｓｓｏnｈasReeboklearnedｆrｏmNike’sdiｓtrｉbuｔionｐroｂｌemｓ?A）Ａcompaｎyshｏｕldnotsｅｌlitshｉghqualityshoesindｉscoｕntｓtoｒｅs．B)Ａｃompanｙshｏｕldnｏtliｍitiｔｓdisｔrｉbutionｎetwｏrk．C)Aｃｏmpanｙshoｕldｄｏｆollｏw－ｕpsurｖｅysoｆduｃtｓ.Ｄ)Aｃompａnｙｓhouldｃorrｅctlｙｅｖａluatetheiｍpａcｔｏfanewcｒａzeｏnｔhemarket.3６. A３7． D38.?Ａ3９.?C40．?DPaｓｓａge8Tｈerｎmentiｓｔobａｎｐaymentsｔoｗitｎｅｓsesｂyneｗｓｐapeｒssｅｅkｉngtobuyuppeopleinvolvｅｄinｐromiｎeｎｔcａses31theｔrialofＲｏｓｅｍａｒyWｅst.Inaｓignificanｔ32oflｅgalcoｎtrｏlsoｖｅrｔhepress,LordIｒvine,ｔheLordChａnceｌlor,wiｌlintroducea３3billtｈatwillproｐoｓｅmａkingpaymentｓtowitｎｅsses３4ａｎdwilｌstricｔlyｃoｎtroltheamounｔoｆ３５tｈatcａnｂegiventoacase３6IｎaleｔteｒtoGeｒaldＫaufman，chａiｒmanｏｆtheHousｅofCommonｓｍediaselecｔcommittｅe(cuò),LｏｒdIｒｖiｎesａidhe37ｗｉthacｏmmiｔｔeereportthisyeａrwhｉchsaidtｈatselｆ-rｅｇulatｉonｄidnot3８sufficientcontrol.３９ｏｆthelettｅrcameｔwodａysafｔerLｏｒdIrvｉnecａｕｓeｄa４０ofmedｉaｐrotestｗｈenｈｅsａidtｈe41ｏｆprｉｖａcycｏｎtrｏlscoｎｔaiｎｅ