稽山中學(xué)蔡紅策略

基于ERSA體驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｊ降慕B興市稽山中學(xué)蔡紅2013年10月31日高中英語閱讀策略的培養(yǎng)一、英語學(xué)習(xí)的重要原則如何體驗(yàn)？體驗(yàn)什么？英語課程應(yīng)從學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣、生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)和認(rèn)知水平出發(fā)，倡導(dǎo)學(xué)生在教師的指導(dǎo)下，通過體驗(yàn)、實(shí)踐、參與、合作和交流的學(xué)習(xí)方式，發(fā)現(xiàn)語言規(guī)律，逐步掌握語言知識(shí)和技能，不斷調(diào)整情感態(tài)度，形成有效的學(xué)習(xí)策略，發(fā)展自主學(xué)習(xí)能力。

——《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（實(shí)驗(yàn)稿）》，2003教育部二、閱讀的策略體驗(yàn)什么？劉丹丹（2002）：“預(yù)測(cè)、詞匯技巧、略讀、瀏覽、結(jié)構(gòu)分析、推論（26個(gè)子策略）”戴軍熔（2013）：“預(yù)測(cè)、略讀、尋讀、猜測(cè)、推理（21個(gè)子策略）”策略的維度可關(guān)注策略策略體驗(yàn)方法預(yù)測(cè)●預(yù)測(cè)主題●預(yù)測(cè)內(nèi)容●預(yù)測(cè)體裁●預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)

根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)預(yù)測(cè)根據(jù)題目預(yù)測(cè)根據(jù)文章或段落起始句預(yù)測(cè)根據(jù)上下文預(yù)測(cè)略讀●了解篇章體裁●把握文本結(jié)構(gòu)●掌握主旨大義略讀標(biāo)題與副標(biāo)題略讀開篇段落或各段起始句略讀總結(jié)段落或結(jié)尾句尋讀

●尋讀課文結(jié)構(gòu)●查找目標(biāo)信息或事實(shí)●辨認(rèn)關(guān)鍵字詞句或概念

帶著問題到文章中尋找答案注意名字、數(shù)字、斜體和粗體注意連接詞猜測(cè)●理解生詞、句子含義或熟詞生義根據(jù)詞根猜測(cè)詞義根據(jù)讀者經(jīng)歷或閱歷根據(jù)語境猜測(cè)詞義或句義推理●讀懂句子深層含義或弦外之音●辨別事實(shí)與觀點(diǎn)、主題與細(xì)節(jié)●推斷人物態(tài)度、性格和品質(zhì)●推理上下文指代或故事發(fā)展線索

●體驗(yàn)不同文化●品悟人生哲理●推測(cè)寫作意圖、基調(diào)、主旨和出處分析句子成分研讀重要詞句、難句、長句根據(jù)背景知識(shí)推斷課文內(nèi)容根據(jù)已知內(nèi)容推斷未知內(nèi)容鑒賞文章的內(nèi)容與修辭品讀美文佳句妙詞基于評(píng)判性思維培養(yǎng)的問題討論如何體驗(yàn)？DavidKolb：三、ERSA體驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｊ斤@性閱讀策略&隱性閱讀策略（Cohen，2000）四、課例展現(xiàn)Elias’story1.目標(biāo)定位：解讀文本，設(shè)定指向策略體驗(yàn)的教學(xué)目標(biāo)，并在教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)中滲透相應(yīng)策略的體驗(yàn)。●題目：Elias’storyPredictingthestyleofnarrationfromthetitle;●故事要素：wh-s●結(jié)構(gòu)：beforeandafterEmetMSkimmingforthestructure;Scanningfordetails;●生詞/句：...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.Blackpeoplecouldnotvoteorchoosetheirleaders.However，thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.HetoldmehowtogetthecorrectpaperssoIcouldstayinJohannesburg.Heofferedguidancetopoorblackpeopleontheirlegalproblems.四、課例展現(xiàn)Elias’story1.目標(biāo)定位：●題目：Elias’story●故事要素：wh-s●結(jié)構(gòu)：beforeandafterEmetMSkimmingforthestructure;Scanningfordetails;●生詞：Guessingthemeaningfor“guidance,legal,passbook,papers,vote”andparaphrasingthesentence“onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence”;●句子/語段：Inferring1)Mandela’sattitudetotheunfairsituation;2)Mandela’squalities;3)theindicativemeaningof“this”and“then”inthesecondquote;4)theauthor’spurposeofemployingthetwoquotes.Predictingthestyleofnarrationfromthetitle;四、課例展現(xiàn)2.目標(biāo)的達(dá)成：落實(shí)體驗(yàn)，創(chuàng)設(shè)指向策略體驗(yàn)的問題或活動(dòng)，在教學(xué)過程中實(shí)現(xiàn)策略培養(yǎng)的目標(biāo)1.目標(biāo)的定位：解讀文本，設(shè)定指向策略體驗(yàn)的教學(xué)目標(biāo)，在教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)中滲透相應(yīng)策略的體驗(yàn)Task:Skimthetextandfillintheblanks:PartsKeyinformationMainideaPart.I(Para.___)Part.II(Para.___)Experience●

a______blackworker;avery______periodofmylife.

Elias’life______hemetMandela●

IdonotlikeviolencebutIhelpedhimblowup…;Iwas_____becauseitwouldhelpusachieveourdream.Elias’life______hemetMandela片段一●I____________becauseIhadverylittleeducation.●

ThedaywhenMandelahelpedmewasoneofmy______.●

Itwasthetruththat“we”almosthavenorightsatall.PartsKeyinformationMainideaPart.I(Para.___)Part.II(Para.___)Reflect1-23-5●

apoorblackworker;averydifficultperiodofmylife.

●IneededhishelpbecauseIhadverylittleeducation.Elias’life

_______hemetMandela●

ThedaywhenMandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest.●

Itwasthetruththat“we”almosthavenorightsatall.●

IdonotlikeviolencebutIhelpedhimblowup…;Iwashappybecauseitwouldhelpusachieveourdream.Elias’life______hemetMandelabeforeafterT:Whydidyoudividethetextinthisway?片段一SummarizeSummary:Skimming.Itisareadingstrategyusedtoidentifythemainideaorthestructureofatext.Wemayachievethegoalsbyreading:1.thefirstparagraphcompletely;2.thefirstsentencesofremainingparagraphs;3.thesummaryorthelastparagraphcompletely.T:Whatreadingstrategydidyouuse?Howdoweusuallyuseitinreadingpractice?片段一Task:Readthetextcarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions:

Experience1.Whatisa“passbook”?2.Whatdoes“papers”refertoinPara.3?3.Canyoufindanotherexpressionwhichisclosestinmeaningtotheword“vote”inPara.4?4.Canyouparaphrasethesentence“onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence”?片段二ReflectGroupdiscussion:Thinkaloudandnotedowntheword-guessingstrategies.1.Whatisa“passbook”?S:Theword“passbook”containstwoparts——“pass”and“book”，soitmightbesomepaperdocumentwhichallowspeopletodosomething.2)Bytheplot“onehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg”and“Ididn’thaveone…andIworriedaboutwhetherIwouldbecomeoutofwork”，itcanbeconcludedthatapassbookshouldbeacertificatewhichpermittedpeopletoliveandworkinJohannesburg.片段二Reflect3.Canyoufindanotherexpressionwhichisclosestinmeaningtotheword“vote”inPara.4?S:Byreadingthesentence“voteorchoosetheirleaders”,“vote”issimilarto“chooseone’sleaders”inmeaning.片段二Groupdiscussion:Thinkaloudandnotedowntheword-guessingstrategies.2.Whatdoes“papers”refertoinPara.3?S:

Eliasneededthe“papers”togetapassbookfromthegovernment.Accordingtolifeexperience,itshouldbedocuments.4.Canyouparaphrasethesentence“onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence”?S:Whenapeacefulwaywasnotallowed,wedeceidedtoturntoviolencetodealwiththeunfairsituation.“Wefirstbrokethelawinawaywhichwaspeaceful;whenthiswasnotallowed...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.”片段二ReflectGroupdiscussion:Thinkaloudandnotedowntheword-guessingstrategies.thisthenSu凳mm霞ar并iz駁eSu沙mm犧ar蜜y:Gu亭es勾si喉ng.轎It蛋i低s囑a嘆re沿ad幕in濃g印st核ra醬te婆gy封f漁orth丈e粉me打an芳in師g妻ofwo尼rd餅s鹿or須s梅en工te碗nc簡es飽.Th鐵eme鋒an捕in氣g摔ca塌n計(jì)beob竭ta賞in福edby奪:1.標(biāo)wo務(wù)rdfo沃rm屬at叉io跨n:ro泡ot弄s,pr斤ef塵ix悠es配,su稻ff皂ix抖es沙,萌co分mb虛in學(xué)at申io鼠n;2.有ba漠ck蹤蝶gr如ou烈nd剝k穴no根wl例ed賢ge樂:衛(wèi)re爭ad楊er掙s’粒e霉xp氏er軋ie要nc伍e;3.蒜co窗nt勿ex趟tcl捕ue膛s番of樓:1)si沃tu曲at幟io俯n:掠t伏he煤p貨lo港t陜or形t戶he饅l坦og秀ic瓜o咱f欣th停e禮te談xt驢;2)艷e秀xp蹄la勺na白ti剝on品:絨pu賢nc仍tu擔(dān)at南io布ns暢o懷r疾wo挨rd唇s傲li賊ke駐“棒me搖an秘in料g,帽s愛uc化has餅,禿or鳴,抖is滔c膏al纏le次d,釋e責(zé)tc輛.毯”嘆;3)董co內(nèi)nt漸ra蹄st益:語wo完rd石sli扭ke衰“碰al誓th配ou啊gh憶,睛bu厘t,肉w難hi央le和”,湖“偵in蔑st軍ea網(wǎng)d,ye蘇t”,你“甚on煮t幣heot拍he父rha這nd衰,暫on阿t嘆he擠c厘on疾tr粒ar穴y”竿,慢or甩o唇th貼erli紫nk嫌in沸g(shù)扔wo奸rd周s片fo芽r南co般nt維ra堤st燭.片段敬二T:Wh放atre攤ad疫in隔g豆st箏ra瓦te畝gydi噴d鞏yo挖u灘us腿e?舊H泊owdo陸w孕eus僚ua下ll初y憂us潑eit熔i夸n臂re禁ad煤in乓g參pr羨ac方ti漸ce吐?2.閱讀尊策略竿的培煤養(yǎng)并險(xiǎn)不止俗步于各課堂吳教學(xué)冠，它妥需要猾課外貫及時(shí)并的應(yīng)踐用和競(jìng)鞏固1.閱讀番策略章的培置養(yǎng)并恒不是盒說教協(xié)，它排是閱貴讀中物潤物稻細(xì)無紗聲的倘體驗(yàn)五、扛教學(xué)舊反思In疼a姿d滾if沈fe江re難nt約l祖ig傭htWh宅en涉I鍵w仰as饒y簡ou妄ng扯,剝we麻l短iv陡ed圍i嬸n疏an勤o棵ld弓w若oo減de驅(qū)n穗ho殿us銅e商in準(zhǔn)a言s膝ub薦ur扇b腸of桑L顏im伴ba已ng觸,質(zhì)a西sm岡al鑰l戴to寬wn鄰i玩n載No申rt暑he桐rn往S英ar術(shù)aw傾ak棄,鈔Ma讓la媽ys混ia肌.承Th跳e造ti攻ny綿c萬ol面le有ct株io澡n渠of霉r咱oo浴ms辯i窩ns滲id益e償co顧ul早d涌ha富rd萄ly哥c刑on斃ta澇in劑o嘩ur乒f篩am吸il麥y(cè)野—伏Fa跨th超er糧,皂Mo嫂th掛er貸a筐nd惰e承l(wèi)e登ve宗n癥ch項(xiàng)il商dr樹en咱.I憑wa至s沒th護(hù)e否se陵co樣nd圣e仰ld航es籃t.背W電e麻ch妄il膠dr著en抄o釘ft叫en馬r扒an敬a愁bo躲ut室,修an吃d插wh蛋en講w記e唐go胳t害to償o支no校is吳y,棕t總he齒w屠ho桂le拼h杏ou醫(yī)se漢s棕ho怎ok交.省“T伴he餃h迎ou純se詠i炒s范go檢in沖g城to奇f炎al玻l碗do然wn繭!”平m研y峰mo竹th薄er皆w盈ou冤ld納y收el挎l涌at妖u變s.We坐s科ee薄me灑d廁to季a殿lw頂ay頂s角li友ve樹i袋n承th俱e努da誦rk痛.計(jì)Th筐e香ne駐ar則by奶t理re銳es純b史lo結(jié)ck優(yōu)ed悶o注ut膝m況uc佛h精of株t各he斬s漆un規(guī)li框gh喘t跌du靜ri巨ng聲t俯he科d暑ay鄙.僅Th敗e杠ni多gh濕ts廁w蓬er騙e活al雙wa臘ys緒a伙t贏er候ri科bl趙e任ti排me假.僑Th嘩at糾w修as靜t胸he虜1羽95煙0s核a探nd栗e綠ar弟ly盯1從96廊0s匯,線an殊d盤we擁h筑ad跪n適o懲el離ec毯tr完ic洲it葵y.威W鵝e布li儉t絡(luò)ke困ro減se近ne紀(jì)l鞭am悔ps羽(煤油),往w蕉hi淡ch綁g鋼av作e抹on視ly角d奧im蝦l臘ig萄ht度.As駕l炭it宏tl貫e購ch征il晉dr壞en魄,原we削w州er號(hào)e眨so舌me緩ti笑me劃s剝ju險(xiǎn)st榴a旁fr葛ai縱d散of紙t突he釀d題ar運(yùn)k,繡a躬nd腸M原ot轎he桶r胃wo絮ul撿d茂as箏k倘in霜a糾f螞ea果rf廳ul估v淡oi劇ce于,歇"W聲hy昨a圍re棵y瞇ou糕s浸o斗af渴ra宴id禿?您Wh摘at疏d摔o拜yo跪u相se僑e?搭"耕Al刺th庸ou即gh涌w窄e普sa弦w汪no弟th旨in判g(shù),運(yùn)h喘er閘q晴ue斬st智io覆ns段m設(shè)ad帝e竿us偉e敗ve役n買mo貍re城f渾ri所gh宏te譯ne楊d.Th奪eyar袖ou方se除d視in抗u鬧s草fe舟ar虜o掛f歲me畢et福in壘g喚a擺gh灰os刷t.Re渠ad軌t屆he澆f周ol枝lo弱wi規(guī)ng旨p齊as膛sa肥ge鋤a癢nd趣a任ns它we怨r駐th桃e嚼qu理es葵ti香on典s.Ou找r蒙fr頑ie找nd卻s,暑p剩ro雨ba牢bl困y粥af法ra份id飼o渡f飼th俘e烘da腰rk迫,榨ug皂ly望a剃pp龜ea話ra愚nc蔥e傻of離t報(bào)he郊h敲ou非se卡,叼ra測(cè)re粉ly畏c要am來e捕ov泄er苗t無o俘pl下ay劇.瘋My渾s陷is飾te詞rs雹,捕br撤ot鞏he牛rs寨a鏈nd需I屯p榮re浙fe專rr帶ed眨t程o擔(dān)pl慣ay墓f填oo各tb駛al軌l叔in攤a泡b勝ig喜g學(xué)ra觀ss低f腎ie膛ld道i主n刊th蔥e芝ce稼nt倆re睜o調(diào)f恰to遠(yuǎn)wn臺(tái).密As純i埋t區(qū)tu農(nóng)rn味ed搭d難ar奧k,投w酬e湊wo墳ul白d甜re炮lu肌ct備an償tl博y市re教tu許rn肯h泳om切e許wi裂th凱a帆f須ee腿li膜ng更o頭f市fe竭ar清.塊We粥w重ou娘ld同h秧an束g茂ou給t水th串er顏e派un畝ti焦l封th弓e節(jié)la母st志m傾om任en自t.By屬t吧he炒t斗im貝e注I哨wa釀s幼a帆te望en動(dòng)ag正er葡,護(hù)my濫f包ea學(xué)rs牧h叼ad綱b透ee裙n耳re陰pl設(shè)ac聲ed糟b逐y撐fe盟el籌in敲gs湯o無f晴di守ss閉at座is勵(lì)fa折ct尾io薯n掃an劍d特an褲ge手r.版I墓b除eg災(zāi)an帝t惱o戶en材vy河a況ll搖m窗y污fr積ie撥nd傘s.島T摸he江y蛾ha敢d姑ni圈ce榜r惹ho協(xié)me碗s勺bu旅t您we俱d速id軟n’江t借ev減en廟h桂av販e京a壓ba暫th昏ro墻om拌.Wh濃en害I攏w東as欄i微n耕my橡m安id蝴-t閑ee季ns門,洋we粉g絞ot院e院le逝ct踐ri逃ci疏ty泛.滲Th虎e貌li半vi愁ng捆r嫩oo俊m,絕t博he評(píng)b嘆ed搖ro寇om配s阿an挑d戴ki桐tc科he甘n佩e(cuò)a沉ch喂h冰ad伐a潛l稱ig升ht興b撓ul址b.著S偵ti撈ll盤,炮I逼co絹ul徑d足se棟e偶no曉th悠in帶g雁mu智ch僵t吹o厭ap策pr顆ec具ia投te側(cè)a示bo樸ut鍛m腳y啊ho若me耐.佩To若m電e,底i哪t汗wa賴s擱ug浪ly忍.Th將en歌,弓wh有en維I外w用as陳s悶ix攝te桌en繼,另so漠me悅t運(yùn)ea源ch僻er冶s柄fr繪om扒m苗y屠sc夸ho診ol詳c遼am震e快to雕v胸is伙it孫.動(dòng)As蹄m代y退ar兔t訪te捧ac堆he芒r,匯M寸r隙Ho擾,夕en皆te竹re游d,躬h精e佩sa護(hù)id薦,速"R估eb嚷ec鴉ca絹,壁yo叔ur翻h(huán)愚om顏e哀is像s朝it教ua寺te虎d都in仗s揉uc跪h漏a嚴(yán)be密au汽ti另fu泡l旅se跑tt榮in昌g.菊I廚h蹄ad諒t脹o道st眉o(jì)p蜻a將nd桶a林dm存ir勞e水it茄f擁ro杠m葵yo岡ur貼r勿oa隔d.眠A奇ll胖t詠ho盾se嶄t斧re肝es或m屋ak宣e瘡it飯l臉oo聚k遼pi即ct溝ur遺es濤qu損e.歸"Su依dd裙en穴ly摟,德I序sa沈w間my媽h場(chǎng)ou太se師i膊n恒a癢di推ff辰er乞en扇t蝕li尸gh梢t遠(yuǎn)—施fr丹om為M總r省Ho轎's竹a瓜rt盞is擾ti耕c摸po鏟in餅t嫂of漠v勉ie探w.縱I度h說ad席n澡ot摸t夢(mèng)ho鐮ug狠ht兩o燈f工it行b翅ef捧or席e.Ap狠pl熊yIn番a劍d粘if左fe道re偷nt野l(fā)付ig剝ht1.Ho效w壤m(xù)a匆ny滑p概ar心ts窮d多oe齊s妨th寒e遍te與xt輝c割on駱si參st扒o敗f?2.悲W糾as鋸t震he盜h駛ou舊se絕b暫ig憑e喜no典ug勞h鹽to衫h漠ol塌d鄉(xiāng)豐th膝e捉wr婚it僵er壘a儲(chǔ)nd鹿h聚er舊f涂am坦il鵲y?3.悅A獅cc罰or是di音ng彼t帥o鍬th煙e嫂pa券ss覆ag岸e,薄w尼ha船t去wa鏡s掩th陰e樓wr婦it招er網(wǎng)’s領(lǐng)m儀ot喜he垮r’寫s稈ma碎in狂c材on惰ce專rn票w遞he識(shí)n肌he李r位ch粱il嫁dr貢en傲“善go鐮t繭to匠o運(yùn)no盼is芝y”？4.念D呈id盯t元he梅w腫ri數(shù)te逮r坊co扒me脾t驢o跪ap案pr路ec兼ia饞te途h集er框h續(xù)ou階se該a影ft決er斯t店he擋y押ha常d泄el槍ec完tr華ic呆it蹦y?5.Ca碑n恰yo虧u尺fi雜nd仿a約w擺or揚(yáng)d佳to慢r箭ep顧la候ce把t柏heun嶺de甜rl升in挽edwo帽rd“r把el速uc彎ta領(lǐng)nt訴ly”?6.進(jìn)W陰ha負(fù)