Unit4WeletotheunitReading課件-高中英語牛津譯林版（2020）選修第一冊(cè)

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scienceWlcm&reading1.Whataffectsthetravelofthestarlight?DiscussionThetravelofthestarlightisaffectedbytheair.Whenastarshinesitslightthroughouratmosphere,theairbendsthelight.Astheairmoves,itstemperatureanddensitychange,affectingthewaythelightbends.2.Whydothestarsclosertothehorizonappeartotwinklemorethanthosestarshigherinthesky?Becausebetweenusandthestarsclosertothehorizon,thereisalotmoreair,sotheyappeartotwinklemorethanthosestarshigherinthesky.Discussion3.Whyisaflower’sfragranceessentialfortheplant’ssurvival?

Eachflower’sfragranceisuniqueanditattractsparticularinsectstotheflower,whichhelpspreaditspollensothatseedscanbeproduced.Whatotherfunscientificfactsdoyouknow?Scienceisawayoflife.Scienceisaperspective.Scienceistheprocessthattakesusfromconfusiontounderstandinginamannerthat’sprecise,predictiveandreliable…—BrianGreene科學(xué)是一種生活方式。科學(xué)是一種觀點(diǎn)。科學(xué)是以一種精確、前瞻、可靠的方式使我們從困惑走向理解的過程……——布賴恩·格林1.According

tothetitleandthepicturebesideit,whatdoyouthinktheblogpostismainlyabout?Theblogpostmightbemainlyaboutthemicroorganismsandhowtheyaffecthumanhealth.Theseinvisiblemicroorganismsliveinandonourbodyinmanydifferentkindsofforms.2.Wherecanyoufindmicroorganisms?Asmicroorganismsaresotinyandnumerous,Ithinktheycanbefoundeverywhere.Theyliveinwater,soilandair,andonallobjects.Theyarealsofoundonandinsideourbody.3.Howdoyouthinkmicroorganismsharmorbenefitus?

1.Whatistheoutlineoftheblogpost?—A1IntroductionMainbodyConclusionPara.1:Microorganismsinfluenceourbodyandmindinbigunexpectedways.Para.2:Paras3–4:Microorganismsinfluenceourphysicalhealthaswellascognitiveandpsychologicalwell-being.Para.5:Para.6:Microorganismscanbeusedtoimprovehumanhealth.Theworldofmicroorganismsisfilledwithpossibilitieswaitingtobeexplored.2.What’sthemainideaoftheblogpost?Summarizeitinonesentence.Microorganismsareaninseparablepartofourbody,whichaffectusphysically,cognitivelyandpsychologically.3.ReadtheblogpostagaincarefullyandanswerA2.-About39trillion.-Becauseweneedthemtosurviveandgrow.-Ithelpsdigestfoodandaffectsthewaywestorefatandrespondtochemicalsthatmakeusfeelhungryorfull.-Whenthebodyisstressed,illorold.-Theycouldgetridofcurrenthealthissueslikeobesityandmalnutrition.4.Writeasummaryoftheblogpostinnomorethan100words.5.Howdoyouunderstandthesentence“Eventhough…unexpectedways.”inLn4–6?Ithinkitisasmartchoicetousethewords“small”and“big”.“Small”meansthatthesemicroorganismsaresotinythattheyareinvisibletothenakedeye.And“big”meanstheyplayaveryimportantroleininfluencingusphysicallyandmentally.6.“Ourvery…areborn.”inLn8–9:Whyarethreequartersoftheessentialmicroorganismsconsideredtobeourveryfirstbirthdaygift?Becausehumanbeingsarebornwiththreequartersoftheessentialmicroorganisms,withoutwhichitwouldbedifficultforhumanstosurviveandgrow.Sotheyareofgreatimportancetousandthusareconsideredtobeourveryfirstbirthdaygiftgivenbyourmother.7.Whilescientists…“talk”toeachother.(Ln29–31):Whyarethequotationmarksused?Whatdoyouthinkoftheuseoftheword“talk”?Theauthorusesthequotationmarkstoemphasizetheword.Byusingtherhetoricaldeviceofpersonification(擬人),theauthorvividlydescribestheinteractionsbetweenthebrainandthegut.Ln8-9我們的第一份生日禮物-我們生存和成長(zhǎng)所需的基本微生物的四分之三-在出生時(shí)從母親那里獲得。Ln16-18每天，我們體內(nèi)的常駐微生物與入侵微生物競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，阻止他們立足，從而有助于形成強(qiáng)大的免疫系統(tǒng),讓我們保持健康。Ln24-26如果熬夜或者快速跨越多個(gè)時(shí)區(qū)，體內(nèi)微生物的生物鐘會(huì)被打亂，進(jìn)而有可能干擾我們正常的睡眠習(xí)慣。Ln20-21除了能幫助消化食物，有證據(jù)顯示，腸道微生物還會(huì)影響我們儲(chǔ)存脂肪的方式，以及讓我們產(chǎn)生饑餓感和飽腹感的相關(guān)化學(xué)品的應(yīng)答方式。1.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthehumanmicrobiome?Giveevidencetosupportyouropinion.Theauthorhasanobjectiveattitudetowardsthehumanmicrobiome.Heusesnotpersuasivebutneutralwordstostateboththescientificfactsandopinions.Thefollowingsentences,especiallytheexpressionsinbold,aregoodexamples.(1)Eventhough…influenceourbody...(Ln4–6)(2)Believeitornot,gut....(Ln28–29)(3)Itisthereforeimportantthatwe...(Ln37–39)QuestionsinA3B1HowdidDutchmanAntonievanLeeuwenhoekdiscovermicroorganismsforthefirsttimeinhumanhistory?Heobserved“l(fā)ittleanimals”swimmingandjumpinginawaterdropletwhenstudyingitunderhismicroscope.2.HowdidRobertKochfindthatthereisacloserelationshipbetweenmicroorganismsanddisease?RobertKochgrewsomemicroorganismsinisolationfromalllivingthingsandtheninjectedthemintoamouse,whichdiedsoonafter.Thisconfirmedtherelationshipbetweenmicroorganismsanddisease.Appreciation1.Inexpositorywriting,theauthorusuallyexplainsordescribesatheoryoranobjectfromgeneraltospecific.Discusshowtheauthororganizestheblogpost.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorstatestheinfluenceofmicroorganismsonhumanbeingsinageneralwaybywriting“thesemicroorganismsinfluenceourbodyandmindinbigunexpectedways”.Thisisageneralstatementofthemainidea.Inthefollowingparagraphs,theauthormakesspecificpointsaboutthegeneralstatement.Inth