2021年上海牛津版新高一暑假銜接課程-英語(yǔ)-第10講-時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)閱讀理解綜合復(fù)習(xí)教案

第10講-時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)&閱讀理解綜合復(fù)習(xí)-教案

一、課前熱身

語(yǔ)法選擇題

1.1havepromisedthatmydaughtergetanewelectronicdictionaryonhernextbirthday.

A.shouldB.mustC.shallD.would

2.1adviseyoutostayawayfromMaria.Althoughsheisusuallyeasy-going,shebequiteannoyingsometimes.

A.canB.needC.mustD.should

3.Ourparentsandteachersoftentellusthatwebecarefulenoughnomatterwhatwedo.

A.mustn'tB.shouldn'tC.can'tD.needn't

4.一Thetelephonelinetotheheadmasterisalwaysbusy.

???Someonethetelephone.

A.needuseB.shouldhaveusedC.mustbeusingD.mustuse

5.criticizemyson,IhelphimfindamoreeffectivewaytolearnEnglish.

A.Ratherthan;prefertoB.Otherthan;wouldrather

C.Ratherthan;wouldliketoD.Betterthan;hadbetter

Keys:CACCA

【教學(xué)建議】通過(guò)語(yǔ)法檢測(cè)學(xué)生對(duì)于上節(jié)課所學(xué)動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法的掌握情況。

二、知識(shí)精講

知識(shí)點(diǎn)一、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)

【知識(shí)梳理】

1.動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)考查要點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)

(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析

①表示客觀事實(shí)或普通真理（不受時(shí)態(tài)限制）

Thegeographyteachertoldustheearthmovesaroundthesun.

Waterboilsat100℃.

②表示現(xiàn)狀、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)時(shí)多用系動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞；表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，多用動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞，且常與表頻率

的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。

Icefeelscold.

Wealwayscareforeachotherandhelpeachother.

③表示知覺、態(tài)度、感情、某種抽象的關(guān)系或概念的詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):see、hear、smell>taste>feel>notice、

agree>believe、like>hate、want、thinkbelong>seem等。如:

Iknowwhatyoumean.

Smithownsacarandahouse.

AllthestudentsherebelongtoNo.lMiddleSchool.

（2）一般過(guò)去時(shí)的考點(diǎn)分析

一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法：表示過(guò)去的事情、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常與表示過(guò)去具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用（或有上下文語(yǔ)

境暗示）；用于表達(dá)過(guò)去的習(xí)慣；表示說(shuō)話人原來(lái)沒有料到、想到或希望的事通常用過(guò)去式。如：

Imetherinthestreetyesterday.

Ioncesawthefamousstarhere.

Theyneverdrankwine.

Ithoughtthefilmwouldbeinterestingbutitisn't.

（3）一般將來(lái)時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析

①表示未來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常用will/shall+動(dòng)詞（常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用如tomorrow、nextweek

等）。

②表示一種趨向或習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。

We'lldiewithoutairorwater.

③表示趨向行為的動(dòng)詞如come、go>startbegin、leave等詞常用進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式表示將來(lái)時(shí)。

?begoingto與will/shall,betodo,beabouttodo用法及區(qū)別：

begoingto表示現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)?lái)要做某事，這種打算往往經(jīng)過(guò)事先考慮，甚至已做了某種準(zhǔn)備；

shall/willdo表示未事先考慮過(guò)，即說(shuō)話時(shí)臨時(shí)作出的決定。

begoingto表將來(lái)，不能用在條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句中；而will則能，表意愿。如：

Ifitisfine,we'llgoflshing.（正確）

Ifitisfine,wearegoingtogofishing［錯(cuò)誤）

betodosth.表按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，還可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。

Ameetingistobeheldat3:00o'clockthisafternoon.

beabouttodosth.表示“即口J,就要“，后面不能接時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句。

Autumnharvestisabouttostart.

（4）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析

①表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在發(fā)生著的一個(gè)動(dòng)作；表示現(xiàn)階段但不一定是發(fā)生在講話時(shí)；表近期特定的安排或計(jì)劃；g。、

come等起止動(dòng)作可用進(jìn)行時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。如：

Itisrainingnow.

HeisteachingEnglishandlearningChinese.

IammeetingMr.Wangtonight.

WeareleavingonFriday.

AtsixIambathingthebaby.（Istartbathingthebabybeforesix.）

Thegirlisalwaystalkingloudinpublic.（與always>often等頻度副詞連用，表經(jīng)常反復(fù)的行動(dòng)或某種感情

色彩。）

②下面四類動(dòng)詞不宜用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。(A)表示心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)作：like,love,hate,care,remember,believe,

want,mind,wish,agree,mean,needo(B)表存在的狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：appear,exist,lie,remain,seem,belongto,

dependono(C)表示瞬間動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞：allow,accept,permit,promise,admit,completeo(D)表示感官的動(dòng)詞:

see,hear,notice,feel,smell,sound,taste,looko

(5)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析

參照一般將來(lái)時(shí)對(duì)比：用woulddo、was/weregoingtodosth.表過(guò)去將來(lái)；come、go、leave等過(guò)去進(jìn)行

時(shí)表過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)；was/weretodosth.和was/wereabouttodosth.表過(guò)去將來(lái)。

(6)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析

①過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或某一階段內(nèi)發(fā)生或頻繁發(fā)生。

②某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)另一動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，其中一個(gè)在由when或while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中。

(7)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析(考核重點(diǎn))

①現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)除可以和for、since引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)連用外，還可以和下面的介詞短語(yǔ)連用：during/in/overthe

last(past)fewyears(months,weeks)、inrecentyears等。

②下列句型中常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

Itis(hasbeen)+一段時(shí)間+since從句

This(That/It)isthefirst(second...)timethat+完成時(shí)

This(That/It)istheonly...+that+完成時(shí)

This(that/It)isthebest/finest/mostinteresting...+that從句+完成時(shí)

③在時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。如：

IshallposttheletterassoonasIhavewrittenit.

Ifyouhavedonetheexperiment,youwillrealizethetheorybetter.

Don'tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.

(8)過(guò)去完成時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析(考核重點(diǎn))

(A)在by、bytheend>bythetime>until>before>since后接表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)或從句以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

如：Bytheendoflastyear,wehadproduced20,000cars.

Thetrainhadleftbeforewereachedthestation.

(B)表示曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算、意圖、諾言等。常用hadhoped/planned/meant/thought/wanted/expected等

(C)“時(shí)間名詞+before”在句子中作狀語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；“時(shí)間名詞+ago”在句中作狀語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

用一般過(guò)去式。如：Hesaidhisfirstteacherhaddiedatleast10yearsbefore.XiaoHualeftschool3yearsago.

(D)表示"一...就"的幾個(gè)句型：Hardly/Scarcelyhad+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+when+一般過(guò)去時(shí)，Nosooner+

主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+than+一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

如：Wehadnosoonerbeenseatedthanthebusstarted.=Nosoonerhadwebeenseatedthanthebusstarted.

(9)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析

①現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并有可能延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。常和for,since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。

-Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.

-1amtired.1havebeenpaintingthelivingroomallday.

Theyhavebeenlivingherefor10years.他們住在這里十年了。

②表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某時(shí)開始，一直延續(xù)到說(shuō)話時(shí)候剛結(jié)束。

Ihavebeenwailingyouforaboutonehour.(說(shuō)話時(shí)"等”的動(dòng)作剛結(jié)束)

Shehasbeenworkingallnightlong.

③表示重復(fù)(只斷斷續(xù)續(xù)，而非一直不停)

We'vebeendiscussingthematterseveraltimesthisyear.

Ihavebeensayinggoodbyetosomefriendstoday.

（10）注意幾組時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別:

①一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):

時(shí)間上有差異，凡有過(guò)去時(shí)間的均用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，不能用完成時(shí)態(tài)，如含有ago、lastyear、justnow、the

otherday等。

結(jié)果上有差異：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是對(duì)“現(xiàn)在”的影響和結(jié)果，動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在剛完成或還在繼續(xù)；一般過(guò)去時(shí)

強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去”，和現(xiàn)在毫無(wú)關(guān)系。

②過(guò)去完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)：過(guò)去完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去“；如出現(xiàn)同一主語(yǔ)連續(xù)幾個(gè)動(dòng)作（“連謂”）形

式則只用一般過(guò)去時(shí)即可。

2.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)考查要點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成方式：be+過(guò)去分詞，口語(yǔ)只也有用get/become+過(guò)去分詞表示。

（1）不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種情況：

①所有的不及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞詞組不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)之中，如：disappear（消失），happen（發(fā)生），

occur（出現(xiàn)），rise（上升），die（死亡），end（結(jié)束），fail（失敗），last（持續(xù)），lie（說(shuō)

謊），sit（坐下），takeplace（發(fā)生），belongto（屬于），breakout（爆發(fā)），cometrue（實(shí)

現(xiàn)）,comeintobeing（形成），consistof（構(gòu)成），fallasleep（睡著）等。

例：TheSecondWorldWarbrokeoutin1937.

Acaraccidenttookplaceandcausedtrafficjam

②表示狀態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,如：last、hold>benefit、contain>equal>fit、join、mean、last、looklike等。

例：Thiskeyjustfitsthelock.

Thesixblindmencouldn'tagreewitheachotheraboutwhattheelephantwaslike.

③表示歸屬的動(dòng)詞,如have、own>belongto等。

④表示“希望、意圖”的動(dòng)詞,如：wish、want>hope、like、love、hate等。

⑤賓語(yǔ)是反身代詞或相互代詞時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

⑥有些動(dòng)詞以其主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，特別是當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是物時(shí)，常見的動(dòng)詞有sell、write、wash、open>lock

等。

（2）主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義

①當(dāng)feel、look、smelktaste>sound等后面接形容詞時(shí);當(dāng)cut、read、selkwear>write等詞帶狀語(yǔ)修飾語(yǔ)時(shí);

當(dāng)動(dòng)詞表示“開始、結(jié)束、關(guān)、停、轉(zhuǎn)、啟動(dòng)”等意義時(shí)。

Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.這種布易洗。

Thesenovelswon'tsellwell.這些小說(shuō)不暢銷。

Mypenwritessmoolhly.我的鋼筆寫起來(lái)很流暢。

Thedoorwon'tlock.門鎖不上。

Thefishsmellsgood.魚聞起來(lái)香。

②當(dāng)breakout、lakeplace、shutoff、turnoff、workout等動(dòng)詞表示“發(fā)生、關(guān)閉、制定”等意思時(shí)。

Theplanworkedoutsuccessfully.

Thelampsonthewallturnoff.

③want,require,need后面的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)含義。

@beworthdoing用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。

⑤在“be+形容詞+todo”中，不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)，用主動(dòng)代被動(dòng)。

Thiskindofwaterisn'tfittodrink.

Thegirlisn'teasytogetalongwith.

另外：betoblame（受譴責(zé)），betorent（出租）也用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)。

（3）被動(dòng)形式表示主動(dòng)意義的幾種情況

①beseated坐著

Heisseatedonabench.（Heseatshimselfonabench.）他坐在凳子上。

②behidden躲藏

Hewashiddenbehindthedoor.（Hehidhimselfbehindthedoor.）他藏在門后。

③belost迷路

@bedrunk喝醉

⑤bedressed穿著

Thegirlwasdressedinaredshortskirt.

（4）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；系表結(jié)構(gòu)表主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)或狀態(tài)。如：

Thebookwassoldbyacertainbookstore.（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）

Thebookiswellsold.（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）

【例題精講】

（2011江蘇卷,21）—Ihearyouinapub.what'sitlike?

—Well,it'sveryhardworkandI'malwaystired,butIdon'tmind.

A.areworkingB.willworkC.wereworkingD.willbeworking

【答案】A

（2010全國(guó)I）—HaveyoufinishedreadingJaneEyre?

-No,Imyhomeworkalldayyesterday.

A.wasdoingB.woulddoC.hasdoneD.do

【答案】A

（2010上海）Everyfewyears,thecoalworkerstheirlungsX-rayedtoensuretheirhealth.

A.arehavingB.haveC.havehadD.hadhad

【答案】B

（2014安徽卷）Thetwins,Whotheirhomework,wereallowedtoplaybadmintonontheplayground.

A.willfinishB.finishC.havefinishedD.hadfinished

【答案】D

(2014北京卷)…Hi,let'sgoskating.

-Sorry,I'mbusyrightnow.Iinanapplicationformforanewjob.

A.fillB.havefilledC.amfillingD.willfill

【答案】C

(2014福建卷)一Haven'tseenyouforages!Wherehaveyoubeen?

一IwenttoNingxiaandthereforoneyear,teachingasavolunteer.

A.stayedB.stayC.hadstayedD.amstaying

【答案】A

【教學(xué)建議】通過(guò)例題精講，幫助復(fù)習(xí)鞏固時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本用法和常見考點(diǎn)。

【鞏固練習(xí)】

用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1.BythetimeJanegetshome,heraunt(leave)forLondontoattendameeting.

2.Themanagerhadfallenasleepwherehe(lie),withoutundressing.

3.WhenMarkopenedthedoor,hesawawomanstandingthere.He(see)herbefore.

4.Thelittlegirl(cry)herheartoutbecauseshe(lose)hertoybearandbelievedshewasn'tever

goingtofindit.

5.JohnandI(be)friendsforeightyears.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butwe

(see)eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.

6.Allmorningasshewaitedforthemedicalreportfromthedoctor,hernervousness.(grow)

7.Thenewscameasnosurprisetome.I(know)forsometimethatthefactorywasgoingtoshutdown.

8.Thisfactoryfortwentyyears.(open)

9.Whenhewasalive?theoldscientistusedtosaythatknowledge(come)frompracticeandhegainedhis

experiencebydoingalotofpracticalwork.

10.Hewenttoschoolinsteadofhome,(go)

11.Heishungry.Pleasegivehimsomething.(eat)

12.Pleasedon'twastetimeTVeveryevening.YoushouldworkhardatEnglish,(watch)

13.Wefoundthewindow.(break)

14.Youhadbetterbybus,oryouwillbelate.(go)

15.Greatchangesinourcountrysince1978.(takeplace)

16.Don'ttouchthatchild,(sleep)

17.Everytimehetriedtostartthecar,thewheelsdeeperintothemud.(sink)

18.WhenIgothome,Ifoundthatmyroom(breakinto)andalotofthings.(steal)

19.1didn'trememberherthebookbefore,(give)

20.Hecalledateverydoor,peopletheexcitingnews,(tell)

Keys:

l.willhaveleft2.waslying3?hadneverseen4.cried,hadlost5.havebeen,hadseen6.grew7.had

known8.hasbeenopen9.comes10.going11.toeat12.watching13.broken14.go15.havetakenplace

16.sleeping17.sank18.hadbeenbrokeninto/stolen19.giving/havinggiven20.telling

【教學(xué)建議】通過(guò)以上練習(xí)檢測(cè)本節(jié)課所學(xué)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)常見用法的掌握情況。

知識(shí)點(diǎn)二、閱讀理解綜合復(fù)習(xí)

【知識(shí)梳理】

知識(shí)點(diǎn)1

細(xì)節(jié)題就是指那些針對(duì)文章細(xì)節(jié)描寫或與文章情節(jié)發(fā)展相關(guān)的事實(shí)所設(shè)置的問(wèn)題。這類題主要測(cè)試考生獲

取信息及對(duì)文章所提供信息的理解能力。

1.設(shè)題方式

此類題型多數(shù)以特殊疑問(wèn)詞設(shè)問(wèn)，設(shè)問(wèn)的檢測(cè)點(diǎn)針對(duì)某一具體行為、地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、原因、方式、數(shù)量等。細(xì)

節(jié)題是用來(lái)進(jìn)一步表達(dá)主題，體現(xiàn)中心思想的，往往針對(duì)短文某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)來(lái)設(shè)題。做此類題時(shí)，應(yīng)快速捕捉信息,

可能是一些事例、數(shù)字等，閱讀時(shí)要有針對(duì)性。

2.技巧點(diǎn)撥

做這類題的一般方法是先要找出題干或是選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵字，一般為數(shù)字、大寫或人名地名，再通過(guò)scanning

快速確定該細(xì)節(jié)在文中的出處（信息源），仔細(xì)對(duì)照題干要求，排除或選擇。命題者在出這類題時(shí)慣用“偷梁

換柱、張冠李戴”的手法來(lái)設(shè)置陷阱，即對(duì)原句細(xì)微處做改動(dòng)，截取原文詞語(yǔ)或結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行改造，因果倒置，把

A的觀點(diǎn)說(shuō)成B的觀點(diǎn)等。所以正確理解題干和信息句的意義是關(guān)鍵。細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題還要十分注意句子的非主

干成分，如定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)等，這些成分都是出題者常進(jìn)行誤導(dǎo)的落腳點(diǎn)。

知識(shí)點(diǎn)2

主旨大意題主要考查考生對(duì)文章主旨大意的概括和歸納能力。主要有主題型和標(biāo)題型兩類，題干中一般有

mainidea,topic,title,mainlyabout等字眼。

答題基本步驟

①閱讀文章開頭幾句和最后幾句，以便獲得有關(guān)主題和中心思想的信息。

②瀏覽文章的其余部分，尋找能支撐和論證主題、中心思想的關(guān)鍵詞。

③仔細(xì)推敲各個(gè)選項(xiàng)，排除有明顯錯(cuò)誤或無(wú)關(guān)信息的選項(xiàng)，從而選出最佳答案。

【教學(xué)建議】梳理事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題和主旨大意題的常用方法，幫助學(xué)生理清閱讀思路，提高閱讀效率。

【例題精講】

Well,parents,surprise!LotsofusareusingTwitterandFacebooktofindrides,andnotjusttoschool.It's

awkwardtocallafriendandaskforaride,andhalfthetimethey'llsay,“Sorry,mycarisButwithTwitter,you

justlookforotherpeopleheadingthesameway.

Itmaysoundrisky,butmanyteensstaywithintheirownsocialcirclestofindrides,anddon'tbranchoutbeyond

friendsoffriendswhenaskingonTwitter.Forme,IonlyridesharewithpeopleIknow,buttosomeyoungpeople,

especiallythosetakinglongertrips,strangerdangerislessofaconcern.

Thesharingeconomygotbigduringtherecession(經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退).Itallowspeopletoaccessmoregoodsand

servicesusingtechnology,whilealsoallowingthemtosharecost.Andthattechnology,forme,iswhatthecarwasfor

mymom,agatewaytomorefreedom.

AccordingtotheresearchersattheUniversityofMichigan,30yearsago,eightintenAmerican18-year-oldshada

driver'slicense.Todayit'ssixinten.Soit'snotthatsurprisingthatonmy16lhbirthdayIwasn'trushingtogeta

license.AllIwantedwasaniPhone.JulietSchor(SociologyprofessoratBostonCollege)knowspeoplemyagelove

beingconnectedandforyoungpeopledrivingmeanstheyhavetodisconnectfromtheirtechnology,andthat'sa

negative.Soiftheycouldsitinthepassengersideandstillbeconnected,thafsgoingtobeaplus.

Tome,anotherplusisridesharingrepresentssomethingmuchbiggerthantryingtosavemoney.Iseeitas

evidencethatpeoplestilldependoneachother.Mygenerationsharestheircarsandapartmentsthewayneighborsused

tosharecupsofsugar.Forthesystemtowork,someofusstillneedourowncars.ButuntilIgetmyownversionofthe

silverSuperBeetle,youcanfindmeonTwitter.

l.Thewriterusuallyrideshareswith.

A.anyoneheadingthesamewayB.peopleheknows

C.friendsoffriendsD.strangersofhisage

2.Feweryoungpeoplechoosetoridebythemselvesbecause.

A.drivingmeansofferingfreeridestoothers.

B.gettingadrivinglicensebecomesmoredifficult.

C.drivingone'sowncarscausesanegativeimpression.

D.drivingmakesthemdisconnectedfromtechnology.

3.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat.

A.thewriterridesharesjusttosavemoney

B.peopleunder18arenotallowedtodrive

C.silverSuperBeetleisthewriter'sfavorite

D.theoldergenerationhadtofightforfreedom

4.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TeensuseTwittertothumbrides.

B.Tipsonreducingrisksinridesharing.

C.Carisnolongeragatewaytofreedom.

D.Newgenerationknowshowtosavemoney.

【答案解析】

1Bo細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二自然段Forme,IonlyridesharewithpeopleIknow,buttosomeyoungpeople,

especiallythosetakinglongertrips,strangerdangerislessofaconcern?可知選擇B。

2Do細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四自然段foryoungpeopledrivingmeanstheyhavetodisconnectfromtheirtechnology,

andthat*sanegative.所以選擇D。

3Co推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五自然段Tome,anotherplusisridesharingrepresentssomethingmuchbiggerthan

tryingtosavemoney.排除A；根據(jù)第四自然段eightintenAmerican18-year-oldshadadriver'slicense.排除

B；C選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有，根據(jù)最后一自然段ButuntilIgetmyownversionofthesilverSuperBeetle,youcan

findmeonTwitter.可推知選擇Do

4Ao主題歸納題。本篇文章開篇說(shuō)了一個(gè)現(xiàn)象，那就是TeensuseTwittertothumbrides.

接著講解了利用Twitter去請(qǐng)求搭乘車的利弊。另外文章一直出現(xiàn)一個(gè)詞rideshares,高頻詞一般都會(huì)出現(xiàn)在

主題句中，所以綜合選擇A。

【教學(xué)建議】語(yǔ)篇精講時(shí)，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生先從整體上抓住文章主旨，然后從上下文找到題目中所需的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)依

據(jù)。

【鞏固練習(xí)】

（1）

InOctober1961atCrowleyFieldinCincinnatiOhioanolddeafgentlemannamedWilliamE.Hoystoodupto

throwthefirstballoftheWorldSeries.MostpeopleatCrowleyFieldonthatdayprobablydidnotrememberHoy

becausehehadretired（退休）fromprofessionalbaseball58yearsearlierin1903.Howeverhehadbeenanoutstanding

playerandthedeafpeoplestilltalkabouthimandhisyearsinbaseball.

WilliamE.HoywasborninHouckstownOhioonMay23,1862.Hebecamedeafwhenhewastwoyearsold.He

attendedtheColumbusOhioSchoolforthedeaf.Aftergraduationhestartedplayingbaseballwhileworkingasa

shoemaker.

Hoybeganplayingprofessionalbaseballin1886forOshkosh（Wisconsin）oftheNorthwesternLeague.In1888he

startedasanoutfielder（外場(chǎng)手）withtheoldWashingtonSenators.Hissmallfigureandspeedmadehiman

outstandingbaserunner.Hewasverygoodatstealingbasesduringhiscareer.Inthe1888majorleagueseasonhestole

82bases.HewasalsotheSenators5leadinghitterin1888.Hoywascleverandhethrewright-handedandbattedleft-

handed.OnJune19,1889hethrewoutthreebatters（擊球手）attheplatefromhisoutfieldposition.

ThearmsignalsusedbyjudgestodaytoshowballsandstrikesbeganbecauseofHoy.Thejudgeliftedhisright

armtoshowthatthepitchwasastrikeandhisleftanntosignalthatitwasaball.

FormanyyearspeopletalkedaboutHoy'slastballgamein1903.HewasplayingforLosAngelesofthePacific

CoastWinterLeague.ItwasamemorablegamebecauseHoyhitawonderfulballwhichwonthegame.Itwasavery

foggydayandthereforeveryhardtoseetheball.Intheninthinning（棒球的一局）withtwomenout,Hoymanagedto

catchaflyballtomakethethirdoutinspiteofthefog.LosAngelesdefeatedtheiroppositionandwonthegame.

AfterheretiredHoystayedbusy.HeranadairyfarmnearCincinnatifor20years.Healsobecameapublic

speakerandtraveledgivingspeeches.Untilafewyearsbeforehisdeathhetook4-10milewalksseveralmorningsa

week.OnDecember15,1961WilliamHoydiedattheageof99.

1.InwhichorderdidthefollowingthingshappeninHoy'slife?

a.Hoyworkedasashoemaker.

b.Hoybegantorunadiaryfarm.

c.Hoyplayedamemorablegameintheheavyfog.

d.HoythrewthefirstballoftheWorldSeries.

e.Hoybecamedeaf.

A.deacb

B.eacbd

C.daecb

D.eabcd

2.WecaninferfromthelastparagraphthatHoyinhislateyears.

A.becamefamous

B.ledarelaxedlife

C.traveledaroundtheworld

D.wasingoodphysicalcondition

3.Thispassageismainlyabout.

A.adeafplayerdevotedtothegameofbaseball

B.baseballgamerulesandimportantplayers

C.theriseinthesocialpositionofthedeafpeople

D.wherethebaseballjudgehandsignalscamefrom

4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthispassage?

A.Hoywasthegreatestbaseballplayerinhistime.

B.Speakingandlisteningarenotnecessaryinbaseballgames.

C.Thejudgehadtostudythehandsignalsveryseriously.

D.Hoy'sfamilyencouragedhimtobecomeabaseballplayer.

【答案解析】本文介紹了美國(guó)20世紀(jì)初最杰出的棒球選手Hoy不平凡的?生。

l.B?細(xì)節(jié)題。此題要求對(duì)事件發(fā)生的先后順序進(jìn)行排序?？捎檬孜捕ㄎ环ǎ凑业降谝粋€(gè)發(fā)生的事件(e.

Hoybecamedeaf.),再找到最后一個(gè)發(fā)生的事件(d.HoythrewthefirstballoftheWorldSeries.),故可排除A、Co

再進(jìn)行比較可知B最佳。

2.Do推斷題。根據(jù)Untilafewyearsbeforehisdeathhetook4-10milewalksseveralmorningsaweek.,可見

在他生命的最后歲月里，他的身體狀況很好。

3.Ao主旨題?？v觀全文可知。

4.Ao推斷題。根據(jù)hestole82bases...theSenators9leadinghitter...threwoutthreebatters...managedtocatch

aflyballtomakethethirdoutinspiteofthefog.等細(xì)節(jié)，可以判斷Hoy是他那個(gè)時(shí)代最杰出的棒球選手。

【教學(xué)建議】對(duì)于學(xué)生做錯(cuò)的題目，先引導(dǎo)學(xué)生分析出錯(cuò)的原因、并在閱讀中積累高頻詞匯。

三、當(dāng)堂測(cè)試

()1.It_thatChinahassentupanotherman-madesatellitesuccessfully.

A.wasreport

B.isreported

C.reported

D.isreporting

答案：B

解析：據(jù)報(bào)道是固定搭配，后面是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，因此要使用itisreportedIhal。

()2.Onemorebridge_theYangtzeRiverinafewyear'stime.

A.willbebuilton

B.willbuiltabove

C.willbebuiltacross

D.willbebuiltover

答案：C

解析：首先ina住wyca/stime使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，其次大橋是被建造。因此選C

()3.Olderpeoplemust__well.

A.lookafter

B.takecareof

C.lookedfor

D.betakencareof

答案：D

解析：首先照顧的短語(yǔ)“l(fā)ookafter;takecareof;carefor”，其次老人必須被照顧。因此選D

()4.Look!Howbigtheeggs__bythehensare!

A.laid

B.waslaying

C.lays

D.werelaid

答案：A

解析：首先看清感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)，其次雞蛋是被雞誕下的，后面句子中已經(jīng)有are了

()5.Shedoesn'tknowwhat___.

A.itcalls

B.isitcalled

C.itiscalled

D.doesitcall

答案：C

解析：首先考察賓語(yǔ)從句，連接詞已經(jīng)有了，要注意時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)序用于陳述AC符合。被稱為什么，用被動(dòng)

Youcanmakethedifference

between

this...andthis

Thissummer,jointheInternationalConservationScoutsonafun-filledholidaywithadifference.

Yearafteryear,youngpeoplefromallaroundtheworldgettogetheratoneofoursixteen

conservation（環(huán)境保護(hù)）camp.Theirsharedaim?Tohelpprotectthecountrysideanditswildlife.

Manyanimalsandplantsareindangerofdisappearingforever.Thedormouse,akindofmouse,for

example,needswoodlandplantsforfoodandtreestostayin.Itshabitat（棲息地）isbeingdestroyed

bymananditneedsourhelptosurvive.

Onaconservationcampholidayyouwilllearnallaboutnatureandhowtoprotectit.Ourtrained

leaderswillaccompanyyouandtellyoueverythingyouneedtoknow.Becauseofthisyoudon't

needanyexperience,justenergyandenthusiasm.Youwillexplorethecountrysideandworkto

ensurethesurvivalofhundredsofanimalsandplantsandstillhaveplentyoftimetoenjoythecamp's

excellentsportsfacilitiesandorganizednaturepathsthroughbeautifulscenery.

TheInternationalConservationScoutsisaworldwideorganization,sotheremustbeacampnearyou,

Youcanspendasplendidholidayatanyofthecampsforaslittleasf60includingaccommodation

andfood.

Formoreinformationsendforafreeconservationcampshandbooktoday.

InternationalConservationScouts

StantonStJohn

Oxfordshire0X71TL

THEKEYTOSAVINGWILDUFEISTO

PROTEC