初中英語(yǔ)同義句歸納

學(xué)習(xí)資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供參考學(xué)習(xí)資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供參考學(xué)習(xí)資料學(xué)習(xí)資料學(xué)習(xí)資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供參考學(xué)習(xí)資料初中英語(yǔ)同義句歸納1、Nicetomeetyou!很高興認(rèn)識(shí)你。/見(jiàn)到你很高興。Nicetoseeyou!Gladtomeetyou!Gladtoseeyou!2、Howoldareyou?What’syourage?你多大了？3、CanIhelpyou?我能幫助你嗎？WhatcanIdoforyou?MayIhelpyou?回答：[Yes,please.][No,thanks.//No,thankyou.]4、That’sallright.You’rewelcome.不用謝;別客氣It’smypleasure.Mypleasure.Don’tmentionit.Notatall.That’sOK.5、Bye.Seeyou.回頭見(jiàn);再見(jiàn)。Good-bye.Bye-bye.6、I’mfine.我很好。I’mOk.I’mallright.一切都好。7、MynameisGreen.我叫格林。I’mGreen.Green.8、Heismyuncle.他是我的叔叔。Myuncleishim.9、LiLongandLiuWenarehisparents.李龍和劉文是他的父母。LiLongandLiuWenarehisfatherandmother.10、Ihaveacomputeronmytable.我有一臺(tái)電腦在我的桌子上。Thereisacomputeronmytable.11、Myparentsareathome.我的父母都在家里。Myfatherandmotherareathome.12、JimsitsonMary’sleft.吉姆坐在瑪麗的左側(cè)。JimsitsnexttoMary.13、Aweekhassevendays.一個(gè)星期有七天。Therearesevendaysinaweek.14、I’msorrythatIamlateforclass.對(duì)不起我上課遲到了。I’msorrytobelateforclass.對(duì)不起，我上課遲到了。15、Ourschoolhastwentyclasses.我們學(xué)校有二十個(gè)班。Therearetwentyclassesinourschool.16、Icangivehermypencil.我可以把我的鉛筆給她。Icangivemypenciltoher.我可以把鉛筆給她。17、Whattimeisit?幾點(diǎn)鐘？What’sthetime?幾點(diǎn)了?18、Isitacatorahat?它是一只貓還是一頂帽子嗎？Whatisit,acatorahat?它是什么，是貓還是帽子？19、Pleasegivetheappletome.請(qǐng)把蘋(píng)果給我。Pleasegivemetheapple.請(qǐng)給我那個(gè)蘋(píng)果。20、Myshoesareblack.我的鞋是黑色的。Theblackshoesaremine.黑鞋子是我的。21、Thosewhiteclothesarehers.那些白色的衣服都是他的。Thoseareherwhiteclothes.那些是她白色的衣服。22、Theseareourredsweaters.這些都是我們的紅毛衣。Theseredsweatersareours.這些紅色的毛衣是我們的。23、LiLeiisoneofmyfriends.LiLeiisafriendofmine.李雷是我的一個(gè)朋友。24、Billismyfriend.比爾是我的朋友。Billisafriendofmine.比爾是我的一個(gè)朋友。25、Arethesepearsyellow?這些梨是黃色的嗎？Aretheseyellowpears?這些是黃色的梨嗎？26、Thesebananasareyellow.這些香蕉是黃色的。Theseareyellowbananas.這些是黃色的香蕉。27、LinTaoandLiLeiarenine.林濤和李雷都是九歲。LinTaoisnine.LiLeiisnine,too.林濤九歲，李雷也是九歲。28、Iseveryoneheretoday?每個(gè)人都來(lái)了嗎//今天大家到齊了嗎？Areweallheretoday?今天我們大家來(lái)了嗎？（同位語(yǔ)）29、Yourclassroomlookslikeourclassroom.你們的教室看上去像我們的教室。Yourclassroomandourclassroomlookthesame.你們的教室和我們的教室看起來(lái)一樣。30、What’sthecat’sname?這只貓的名字是什么？//這只貓叫什么名字？What’sthenameofthecat?31、TheseareJim’spicture.這些都是吉姆的圖片。ThesepictureareJim’s.這些圖片是吉姆的。32、Theyareindifferentschools.他們?cè)诓煌膶W(xué)校。Theyaren’tinthesameschool.他們不在同一所學(xué)校。33、LinTaoisinRowOne.JimisinRowThree.林濤在第一排，吉姆在第三排。LinTaoandJimaren’tinthesamerow.林濤和吉姆不在同一排。34、LiLeiisinClass1.JimisinClass1,too.李蕾在1班，吉姆也在1班。LiLeiandJimareinthesameclass.李蕾和吉姆也同一個(gè)班里。35、It’stimeforschool.該上學(xué)了。It’stimetogotoschool.36、Aliceisagirl,andsheisEnglish.愛(ài)麗絲是個(gè)女孩，她是英國(guó)人。AliceisanEnglishgirl.愛(ài)麗絲是個(gè)英國(guó)女孩。37、Givemethebottleoforange.給我這瓶橙色汁。Givethebottleoforangetome.把這瓶桔子汁給我。38、ThereisaneraserinBill’shand.比爾的手里有一塊橡皮。Billhasaneraserinhishand.39、Herbedroomisn’tbig.她的臥室并不大。Shehasasmallbedroom.她有一間小臥室。40、What’stheEnglishforthis?在英語(yǔ)中，這是什么？What’sthisinEnglish?用英語(yǔ)說(shuō)，這是什么？41、Whatcoloristhecar?這輛車(chē)是什么顏色？What’sthecolorofthecar?這輛車(chē)的顏色是什么？42、Theseareourredsweaters.這些都是我們的紅毛衣。Theseredsweatersareours.這些紅色的毛衣是我們的。43、What’syourname?你叫什么名字？MayIknowyourname?我可以知道你的名字嗎？44、You’dbettergodownstairsinalift.你最好乘電梯下樓去。You’dbetterusealifttogodownstairs.你最好乘電梯下樓。初中英語(yǔ)同義句轉(zhuǎn)換精析第一部分：同義句轉(zhuǎn)換題能夠全面考查學(xué)生靈活運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)的能力，要求學(xué)生反應(yīng)敏捷，聯(lián)想豐富，能用不同的句子或短語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)同一意義。本文就同義句轉(zhuǎn)換題的特點(diǎn)及轉(zhuǎn)換形式進(jìn)行分析，希望從中幫助同學(xué)們找出規(guī)律，提高其應(yīng)試能力。比如：Peoplewereinahurrytotakethesickmantohospital.(寫(xiě)出同義句)同義句：Peoplehurriestotakethesickmantohospital.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換的實(shí)質(zhì)就是替代、合并和改寫(xiě)句子。具體分析如下：一：替代1、用一個(gè)新的詞、短語(yǔ)替代原句中有關(guān)部分。如：⑴IreceivedaletterfromLucy.=IheardfromLucy.(receivealetterfrom→hearfrom)⑵Ioftenwalktoschooleveryday.=Ioftengotoschoolonfoot.(walk→goonfoot)⑶ShedecidedtostoplearningEnglish.=ShedecidedtogiveupEnglish.(stopdoingsth.→giveupdoingsth.)2、用反義詞來(lái)替代。如：⑷Weareindifferentrows.=Wearen’tinthesamerow.(different→same)⑸Mybikeischeaperthanyours.=Yourbikeismoreexpensivethanmine.(cheap→expensive)用反義詞或反義短語(yǔ)來(lái)替換時(shí)，一般會(huì)有一個(gè)否定意義的詞，如not,less,no,never,hardly等。二、合并句子合并句子一般是通過(guò)并列連詞將兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句合并為一句。常見(jiàn)的并列連詞有：notonly…butalso,both…and,neither…nor,either…or等。例如：⑹Marydidn’tgotothepark.Ididn’t,either.=NeitherMarynorIwenttothepark.⑺WeiHuamaygotothecinema,orAnnmaybecausethereisonlyoneticket.=EitherWeiHuaorAnnmaygotothecinemabecausethereisonlyoneticket.⑻Johnhasgotapenfriend.Mikehasgotapenfriend,too.=NotonlyJohnbutalsoMikehasgotapenfriend.=BothJohnandMikehavegotpenfriend.三、改寫(xiě)句子通過(guò)能夠表達(dá)同一意義的不同句型、句式、語(yǔ)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換，來(lái)達(dá)到改寫(xiě)的目的。具體可分為：⑼Weallagreethatweshouldleaveatonce.=Weallagreetoleaveatonce.⑽Couldyoutellmewhenwewillstart?=Couldyoutellmewhentostart?一是含賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句變簡(jiǎn)單句時(shí)，還可用復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，即賓語(yǔ)加賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)助語(yǔ)來(lái)改寫(xiě)。如：⑾Isawhewentintotheroomjustnow.=Isawhimgointotheroomjustnow.⑿Edison’smotherfoundthathewasacleverboy.=Edison’smotherfoundhimclever.⒀WeheardthatshewassinginginEnglish.=WeheardhersinginginEnglish.二是含狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句變簡(jiǎn)單句時(shí)，常用以下方法：以so…that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句常轉(zhuǎn)換為too…to或enoughto結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.=Heistooyoungtogotoschool.=Heisn’toldenoughtogotoschool.另外還可通過(guò)結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換來(lái)改寫(xiě)。如；I

can’tfinishtheworkifyoudon’thelpme.=Ican’tfinishtheworkwithoutyourhelp.=Ican’tfinishtheworkunlessyouhelpme.Weusecomputersinmanyways.=Computersareusedinmanyways.三是句型間的轉(zhuǎn)換，要求對(duì)能夠表達(dá)同一意義的常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)了解甚透。如：Ittookmetwohourstofinishmyhomework.=Ispenttwohoursinfinishingmyhomework.Ifyoudon’thurry,youwillbelate.如果你不趕快，就要遲到了。=Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.趕快，否則(不然)要遲到。四是還可利用詞性轉(zhuǎn)換來(lái)改寫(xiě)。如：Therewasaheavysnowherelastnight.=Itsnowedheavilyherelastnight.UncleWanginventedthemachine.=UncleWangwastheinventorofthemachine.第二部分：所謂同義句轉(zhuǎn)換是指用不同的詞匯、短語(yǔ)及句型表示相同或相近的意思?，F(xiàn)將常見(jiàn)的同義句轉(zhuǎn)換形式作一歸納，以期對(duì)同學(xué)們的中考復(fù)習(xí)有所幫助。一、用同義詞（組）或近義詞（組）改寫(xiě)。1.Thechildrenarewearingbeautifulclothes.Thechildrenareinbeautifulclothes.2.Everyday,YaoMingreceivesE-mailsfromthousandsofbasketballfans.Everyday,YaoMinghearsthousandsofbasketballfans.3.Mr.Smithisworking.Mr.Smithisatwork.簡(jiǎn)析：英語(yǔ)中有不少同義、近義詞（組），在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中要注意總結(jié)歸納。如：enjoyoneself/haveagoodtime;lookafter/takecareof;difficult/hard;can/beableto;over/morethan;receive(get)aletterfrom/hearfrom等等。二、用反義詞(組)改寫(xiě)。4.ChineseismorepopularthanJapanese.JapaneseislesspopularthanChinese.5.Therunnercouldn’tcatchupwiththeothersintherace.Therunnerfellbehindtheothersintherace.6.AcomputerismoreusefulthanaVCD.AVCDisnotasusefulasacomputer.簡(jiǎn)析：此類轉(zhuǎn)換應(yīng)注意有時(shí)主語(yǔ)位置會(huì)改變，并要特別總結(jié)歸納反義詞（組）。如：new-old;big-small;long-short;morethan-lessthan等。三、用同義句型改寫(xiě)。7.Annspenttwoweeksgettingreadyfortheexams.IttookAnntwoweekstogetreadyfortheexams.8.Shespent30dollarsontheEnglish–Chinesedictionary.TheEnglish–Chinesedictionarycosther30dollars簡(jiǎn)析：此類轉(zhuǎn)換必須弄清每個(gè)句型的構(gòu)成特點(diǎn)，而且還要注意句中每個(gè)句型的固定搭配。如：givesb.sth.與givesth.tosb.的轉(zhuǎn)換，spendsometime(in)doingsth./onsth.與Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.的轉(zhuǎn)換等等。四、二句并一句轉(zhuǎn)換為簡(jiǎn)單句9.Jimdoesn’tlikenoodles,andJackdoesn’t，either.NeitherJimnorJacklikenoodles.10.Mr.Smithismyteacher.Sheisalsomygoodfriend.Mr.Smithisnotonlymyteacherbutalsomygoodfriend.簡(jiǎn)析：英語(yǔ)中常用notonly…butalso;either…or;neither…nor;both…and等連詞把兩個(gè)意義相關(guān)的簡(jiǎn)單句合并成一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。解題時(shí)要注意連詞的選用和主謂一致原則。除此之外，還可用too…to;enoughto等把兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句合并成另一簡(jiǎn)單句。如:Tomisyoung.Hecan’tgotoschool.—→Tomistooyoungtogotoschool.五、用派生詞或多義詞改寫(xiě)。11.Thesnowwasheavylastnight.Itsnowedheavilylastnight.簡(jiǎn)析：句中名詞snow和形容詞heavy轉(zhuǎn)換成了動(dòng)詞snowed和副詞heavily。六、并列句與復(fù)合句的互換。12.Ifyouplaybasketballhere,youmaybreakthewindows.Don’tplaybasketballhere,oryoumaybreakthewindows.13.Goonplantingtreesformoreyearandthehillwillbecoveredwithgreentrees.Ifwegoonplantingtrees,thehillwillturngreenintwoyears’time.簡(jiǎn)析：含有祈使句的并列句，可轉(zhuǎn)換為含if條件的復(fù)合句。七、簡(jiǎn)單句與復(fù)合句的互換。14.Doyouknowhowyoucangetthekitedownfromthetree?Doyouknowhowtogetthekitedownfromthetree?簡(jiǎn)析：復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)換為簡(jiǎn)單句一般側(cè)重于將從句變化為短語(yǔ)或詞組，使其句意簡(jiǎn)單明了。常見(jiàn)的轉(zhuǎn)換方法有：（1）用不定式替換、用介詞短語(yǔ)替換、用名詞短語(yǔ)替換、用分詞短語(yǔ)替換；（2）將賓語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化為“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”；（3）將so…that…(such…that…)引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化為含有too…to…(或enoughto)的簡(jiǎn)單句；（4）將if引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化為“祈使句，and(or)+句子”。八、綜合轉(zhuǎn)換。15.Somethingiswrongwiththatmachine.Thatmachinedoesn’twork.簡(jiǎn)析：綜合轉(zhuǎn)換是在整體把握句意的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)原句重新進(jìn)行表達(dá)，它在詞匯、結(jié)構(gòu)等多方面都有較大的變化。至于一些特殊形式的變化，同學(xué)們?cè)诮忸}過(guò)程中要不斷歸納總結(jié)，徹底掌握它們。下面就請(qǐng)你做以下17道練習(xí)題一試身手吧！練習(xí)17題：1、Bikeisshortforbicycle.Bikeisanotherwayofsayingbicycle.2、IttookMaryanhourtodoherhomeworklastnight.Maryspentanhouron/doingherhomeworklastnight.3、Theymadehimwork12hoursaday.Hewasmadetowork12hoursaday.4、IamaLeaguemember.HeisaLeaguemember,too.BothheandIareLeaguemembers.5、Heissoyoungthathecan’tjointhearmy.Heistooyoungtojointhearmy.6、Theplayersmiledandjumpedintoriver.Theplayerjumpedintoriverwithasmile.7、Mr.BrownleftLondonsixyearsago.Mr.BrownhasbeenawayfromLondonforsixyears.8、Theearthisbiggerthanthemoon.Themoonisnotas/sobigastheearth.9、Heisoneofmyfriends.Heisafriendofmine.10、Theteachertoldusthatweshouldnotmeetattheschoolgate.Theteachertoldusnottomeetattheschoolgate.11、Ihavesomethingtotellyou.It’sinteresting.Ihavesomethinginterestingtotellyou.12、Isawthemplayingbasketballthere.Isawthattheywereplayingbasketballthere.13、Listencarefully,andyou’llbecomemoreinterested.Ifyoulistencarefully,you’llbecomemoreinterested.14、Shehasbeenanurseforfiveyears.Itisfiveyearssinceshebecameanurse.15、Allarehere,butourEnglishteacherisn’t.Everyong/Everybodyishereexcept/butourEnglishteacher.16、Itwassointerestingafilmthatallofussawittwice.Itwassuchaninterestingfilmthatallofussawittwice.17、MotherwasbusywithsomehouseworkwhenIgothome.MotherwasbusydoingsomehouseworkwhenIgothome.初中英語(yǔ)同義句轉(zhuǎn)換50題完成下列句子1、Doremembertolockthedoorwhenyouleave.Makesure_youlockthedoorwhenyouleave.2、ThelittlegirlwantedtoknowwhenherfathercouldtakehertoParis.Thelittlegirlwantedtoknow_when_to_betakentoParis.3、Frenchisnotthefirstlanguageinanyofthesecountries.Frenchisthefirstlanguagein_noneofthesecountries.4、Myunclelefttheroom.hesaidnothingtous.Myunclelefttheroom_without__saying_anythingtous.5、Hewasn'tgoodatEnglish.Ithought.Ididn'tthink_thathewasgoodatenglish.6、BothMikeandMaryhavebeentoBeijing.(否定句)NeitherMikenor_Mary_has_beentoBeijing.7、Ittookhimanhourtowritetheletter.Hespentanhourwriting/(on)_theletter.8、Weshouldknockalongstickintotheearth.Alongstickshouldbeknockedintotheearth.9、Shepaid400yuanforthenewbike.Thenewbike_costher400yuan.10、Howaboutplayingbasketballwithus?Whynotplayfootballwithus?11."WillWangFengcomehereinaminute?"sheasked.Sheaskedif/whetherWangFengwouldcomehereinaminute?12、Jimdidn'tvisitthemuseumyesterday.Hestayedathome.Jimstayedathomeyesterdayinsteadofvisitingthemuseum.13、TherearemorepeopleinChinathaninIndia.The_populationofChinaislargerthanthatofIndia.14、Thetalkisveryimportant.Thetalkisofgreatimportance_.15、Hecan'tcatchthebusifhedoesn'trunfast.Hecan'tcatchthebusunlessherunsfast.16、YoushouldletsomeonerepairtheTVset.YoushouldhavetheTVsetrepaired.17、Jimwantstogoboatingandhisparentswanttogoboating,too.Jimwantstogoboatingandsodohisparents.18、Theiceonthelakewassothinthatpeoplecouldn'tskateonit.Theiceonthelakewasnotthickenoughforpeopletoskateon.19、HowmanypeoplearethereinFrance.WhatisthepopulationofFrance?20、WeholdtheInternationalKiteFestivalinWeifangeveryyear.TheInternationalKiteFestivalisheldinWeifangeveryyear.21.TheysaythatMrliucanspeakGerman.It'ssaidthatMrLiucanspeakGerman.22、Mysisterprefersreadingtogoingshopping.Mysisterlikesreadingbetterthangoingshopping.Mysisterpreferstoreadratherthan_goshopping.23、IfeellikegoingtothezoowithmyfriendsthisSaturday.IwouldliketogotothezoowithmyfriendsthisSaturday.24、Hedoesn'tdoanyotherthings.Heisonlyoninternet.Heisalwaysoninternetinsteadofdoingotherthings.25、Thepicturewasusuallyputupintheparkneartheplayground.Thepicturewasputupintheparknexttotheplaygroundasusual.26、Itseemsthathehashadacold.Heseemstohavehadacold.27、Thetreeissotallthatwecan'treachit.Thetreeistootallforustoreach.28、I'minterestedintheoldmuseuminthiscity.Theoldmuseuminthiscityisinterestingtome.29、Theykneweverythingonlyafteryoutoldhim.Theyknewnothingbefore/untilyoutoldhim.30、Therearemanytreesaroundthehouse.It'smyhouse.Thehousewithmanytreesaroundismine.31、Iwon'tpasstheexamifyoudon'thelp.Iwon'tpasstheexamwithoutyourhelp.32、FatherChristmascomesfromarealpersoninhistory.FatherChristmasisbasedonarealpersoninhistory.33、Hedoesn'tknowmuchJapanese.HeknowsonlyalittleJapanese.34、Ifyouaskhim,hewillyoutellyouthetruth.Askhim,andhewilltellyouthetruth.35、Shelikestomakeherownclothes.Shedoesn'tliketobuytheminshops.Sheprefersmakingherownclothesinsteadofbuyingtheminshops.36、NeitherTomnorJackreadyesterday'snewspaper.Tomdidn'treadyesterday'snewspaper,neither/nordidJack.37、Iheardhewassinginginthenextroom.Iheardhimsinginginthenextroom.38、Peteris150centimeterstall,soisMike.MikeisthesameheithtasPeter.39、Thedoctortoldhimtostopsmoking.Thedoctortoldhimtogiveupsmoking.40、Pleasedon'tmakeourroomdirty.Pleasekeepourclassroomclean.41、Theheavyrainstoppedthemfromleavinghome.Theheavyrainkeptthemstaying_athome.42、Thisbookisn'tasinterestingasthatone.Thisbookisless_interestingthanthatone.43、Therearemorepeopleinthiscitythaninthatcity.Thepopulationofthiscityislargerthanthatofthatone.44、ThisbookhasnothingtodowithEnglish.ThisbookisnotaboutEnglish.45、Bobhadnoteacher,buthelearnedEnglishwellathisyoungage.BobtaughthimselfEnglishwhenhewasyoung.46、There'snobodybutapassengerinthebus.There'sonlyonepassengerinthebus.47、Bob'slonelybecauseit'sdifficultforhimtomakefriends.Bob'slonelybecauseheisbadatmakingfriends.48、Plantmoretreeseveryyearandthedesertwillbecomegreeninafewyears'time.Ifyouplantmoretreeseveryyear,thedesertwillbecoveredwithgreentreesinafewyears'time.49、Thejacketcostsolittlethatheboughtit.Thejacketwascheapenoughforhimtobuy.50、Hisfatherisworking.Hisfatherisatwork.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換題解題技巧同義句轉(zhuǎn)換是各類考試中常見(jiàn)的一種題型。該題型要求較高，難度較大，考生容易失分。它主要是考查對(duì)句型的活用，同一個(gè)內(nèi)容多種形式表達(dá)的能力。下面談?wù)勍x句轉(zhuǎn)換的解題技巧。⑴應(yīng)弄清楚所給句子的內(nèi)容和句式結(jié)構(gòu)，試題填空部分與原句的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，表達(dá)形式。⑵根據(jù)所給空位，確定同義句的句式和恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ)。⑶對(duì)特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的句型和習(xí)慣表達(dá)要仔細(xì)斟酌。[經(jīng)典范例引路]例1Theoldmanstoodanddidn’tknowwhatheshoulddonext.Theoldmanstoodthereanddidn’tknowwhattodonext.簡(jiǎn)析：下一句要填的兩個(gè)空與上句的Whatheshould對(duì)應(yīng)。即用兩個(gè)詞語(yǔ)表示上句三個(gè)詞的意思。上句know后是賓語(yǔ)從句，下句兩個(gè)空應(yīng)填whatto,是疑問(wèn)句+動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。例2Hurryup,oryou’llmisstheearlybus.Ifwedon’thurry,you’llmisstheearlybus.簡(jiǎn)析：原句是祈使句，要完成的句子有三個(gè)空，且多了一個(gè)主語(yǔ)，要用三個(gè)空表示“Hurryup,or”的意思，而原句中的or是表示條件的，下一句理應(yīng)改為條件狀語(yǔ)從句：“Ifwedon’thurry”。例3Theirfootballteamismuchstrongerthantheothertwo.Theirfootballteamisthestrongestofthethree.簡(jiǎn)析：本題原句是個(gè)比較級(jí)句型，而轉(zhuǎn)換后的句型根據(jù)“of”的標(biāo)志應(yīng)是最高級(jí)句型。因?yàn)閺木湟馍峡词怯腥齻€(gè)足球隊(duì)，空格處填thestrongest;three,意思與原句相同。同義句轉(zhuǎn)換典型例題分析例1（2002江西?。┰诟膶?xiě)后的句子空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使該句與原句的意思相同或相近。⑴A：RemembertoringmeuoassoonasyougettoLondon.B:MaketogivemearingassoonyouLondon.⑵A：Everyshouldgivebackhislibrarybooksontime.B：Librarybooksshouldontime.⑶A:Thefactoryisnotfarfromhere.Itonlytakesyoutenminutesbybike.B:Thefactoryishere.It’sonlytenminutes’.⑷A:Tomhadnotimeforbreakfast.Hewenttoschoolinahurry.B:Tomtoschoolbreakfast.⑸A:AllthestudentsinourclassareChineseexceptPeter.B:Peterisainourclass.【分析】：⑴makesure表示“務(wù)必”，getto=reach=arrivein/at.根據(jù)句意及要求，應(yīng)填sure,reach;⑵表示“歸還”用giveback或return,且應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，bereturned;⑶notfar即是near,ride表示“騎自行車(chē)等交通工具”，作名詞用，填near,ride;⑷inahurry表示“匆忙地”，填hurried,without;⑸except表示“除……之外，只有”。填only,foreigner;【答案】⑴sure,reach;⑵be,retuned;⑶near,ride;⑷hurried/ran,without;⑸Only,foreigner?！菊f(shuō)明】多角度地思考問(wèn)題能達(dá)到“曲徑通幽”之效果。應(yīng)從同義詞組，語(yǔ)態(tài)，時(shí)態(tài)，句意，句式等各個(gè)方面加以分析。例2（2001廣州市）在每一小題的空白處填入一詞使之與原句意思相同。⑴Twoyearsagoweusedthatmachinetomakeshoesforchildren.Twoyearsagothatmachineshoesforchildren.⑵MymotherwenttoBeijinglastweek,andshehasn’tcomebackyet.MymotherBeijing.⑶Idon’tlistentotheradiowhenI’mspading.Mycousindoesn’tlistentotheradiowhenhe’sspading,either.Idon’tlistentotheradiowhenI’mspading.mycousin.⑷Theteachertoldusthatwewouldnotmeetattheschoolgate.Theteachertoldusattheschoolgate.⑸Thepandaissofatthatitcan’tgothroughthehole.Theholesuchafatpandatogothrough.【分析】：⑴要變成過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；⑵從原句意義分析我媽媽還沒(méi)回，是“到北京去了”用完成時(shí)態(tài)；⑶涉及到neither的用法問(wèn)題，要倒裝，用助動(dòng)詞does;⑷將賓語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換成不定式tellsb.Nottodosth.;⑸涉及到so…that與not…enoughfor或too…to的運(yùn)用?！敬鸢浮竣舧asusedtomake;⑵hasgoneto;⑶Neitherdoes;⑷nottomeet;⑸istoosmallfor或isn’tbig/largeenoughfor?！菊f(shuō)明】特定的詞組往往有特定的用法，如些題中的neither,too…to。聚焦中考同義句轉(zhuǎn)換“十二類型”同義句轉(zhuǎn)換題近幾年被全國(guó)各地中考英語(yǔ)試題廣泛采用，為必考題型之一。它屬于句型轉(zhuǎn)換題，但要求不能改變句子意思，即依據(jù)給出的句子，通過(guò)以詞、詞組、句式、語(yǔ)法的改變及換句來(lái)改寫(xiě)句子，且轉(zhuǎn)換前后的句意應(yīng)保持一致。從某種意義上講，同義句也就是一句多譯。日常學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中，必須加強(qiáng)一句多譯的總結(jié)訓(xùn)練，注重轉(zhuǎn)換的思路和方法，提高同義句轉(zhuǎn)換的能力。下面就總結(jié)歸納一下同義句轉(zhuǎn)換的十二種類型：【類型一】運(yùn)用同義詞或同義詞組替換原句的有關(guān)部分?！窘忸}要領(lǐng)】將原句中的某些詞或詞組，用其同義詞或同義詞組進(jìn)行替換改變，這是同義句轉(zhuǎn)換使用最多的類型。在英語(yǔ)新教材中，同義詞或詞組的運(yùn)用非常廣泛，學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中要盡可能多地去歸納總結(jié)，在達(dá)到熟能生巧，舉一反三的程度?！揪淅洹?、他擅長(zhǎng)繪畫(huà)。Heisgoodatdrawing./Hedoeswellindrawing.2、今天風(fēng)很大。Thereisastrongwindtoday./It’sverywindtoday.3、明天我們將乘飛機(jī)去東京。TomorrowwewillgotoTokyobyair./TomorrowwewillflytoTokyo.4、王先生在六點(diǎn)鐘到達(dá)了火車(chē)站。MrWangreached/gotto/arrivedattherailwaystationatsix.5、這本書(shū)花了我10元錢(qián)。Ispenttenyuanonthebook./Ipaidtenyuanforthebook./Thebookcostmetenyuan.直擊中考：1.Shegotaletterfromherpenfriendlastweek.(甘肅省)Sheherpenfriendlastweek.2.Lindalikesmusicberrerthanart.(呼和浩特市)Lindamusicart.3.Theyenjoyedthemselvesatthegaedenparty.(廣州市)Theyatthegaedenparty.4.TheSmithsteachthemselvesChineseafterwork.(聊城市)TheSmithsChinesethemselvesafterwork.【類型二】運(yùn)用反義詞或詞組改寫(xiě)原句有關(guān)部分。【解題要領(lǐng)】此類轉(zhuǎn)換主要是通過(guò)改換主語(yǔ)和運(yùn)用其相關(guān)詞或詞組的反義，進(jìn)行同義義轉(zhuǎn)換?！揪淅洹?、我向他借了一臺(tái)電腦。Iborrowedacomputerfromhim./Helentacomputertome.2、我認(rèn)為數(shù)學(xué)比英語(yǔ)難。IthinkmathsisharderthanEnglish./IthinkEnglishiseasierthanmaths.【直擊中考】5.ChineseismorepopularthanJapanese.(寧夏)JapaneseispopularthanChinese.6.Therunnerfellbehindtheothersthoughhedidwhathecould.(濟(jì)南市)【類型三】運(yùn)用相同涵義的不同句式來(lái)表達(dá)?！窘忸}要領(lǐng)】不同的句式表達(dá)同一涵義是英語(yǔ)表達(dá)的顯著特點(diǎn)。在英語(yǔ)新教材中，這樣的句式應(yīng)用得也比較廣泛。如：CanIhelpyou?/MayIhelpyou?/WhatcanIdoforyou?（我能幫你嗎？）應(yīng)要求學(xué)生充分掌握?！揪淅洹?、這位畫(huà)家畫(huà)一匹馬花費(fèi)了兩個(gè)鐘頭。Theartistspenttwohoursdrawingahorse./Ittooktheartisttwohourstodrawahorse.2、讓我們?nèi)?dòng)物園好嗎？Shallwegotothezoo?/Let’sgotothezoo,shallwe?3、今天天氣怎么樣？What’stheweatherliketoday?/How’stheweathertoday?【直擊中考】7.Don’topenthedoor,willyou?(鹽城市)Willyoupleasethedoor.?8.HowmanypeopleliveinFrance?(廈門(mén)市)thepopulationofFrance?9.Wespenttwentyminutescleaningtheroomyesterday.(哈爾濱市)Ittwentyminutestheroomyesterday.【類型四】運(yùn)用感嘆句的兩種句式進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換?！窘忸}要領(lǐng)】感嘆句的兩種句式可進(jìn)行相互轉(zhuǎn)換，但必須把握其句型。1）How+adj./adv.+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！2）What+a(an)+adj.+單數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！【精典例句】1、這個(gè)男孩多么善良?。owkindtheboyis!/Whatakindboyheis!2、這首樂(lè)曲多么優(yōu)美啊！Howbeautifulthemusicis!/Whatbeautifulmusicitis!【直擊中考】10.Howbeautifultheparkis!(廣州市)parkitis!【類型五】運(yùn)用兩種時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行改寫(xiě)?！窘忸}要領(lǐng)】這兩種時(shí)態(tài)是針對(duì)一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)而言的。一般過(guò)去時(shí)應(yīng)表述發(fā)生在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作，惟此，才能轉(zhuǎn)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，并后跟一段時(shí)間，但應(yīng)特別注意動(dòng)詞是否屬于延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如果為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，則需將其改為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或延續(xù)性狀態(tài)。這樣的動(dòng)詞主要有：begin/start–beon;come–behere;leave–beaway(from);buy–have;borrow–keep;die–bedead;return–beback;marry–bemarried;fallasleep/gotosleep–beasleep;open–beopen(adj.);close–beclosed(adj.);catchacold–haveacold;fallill–beill;jointheLeague/Party–beintheLeague/Party(beaLeague/Partymember;)jointhearmy–beinthearmy/beasoldier;arrivein/at–bein/at;getup–beup,等等?！揪淅洹?、他上周買(mǎi)了一輛自行車(chē)。Heboughtabikelastweek.Hehashadamewbikesincelastweek.2、王濤六年前參軍。WangTaojoinedthearmysixyearsago.WangTaohasbeenasoldierforsixyears.WangTaohasbeeninthearmyforsixyears.【直擊中考】11.Thefilmbegan20minutesago.(鹽城市)Thefilmhasbeen20minutes.12.Sam’sgrandfatherdied10yearsago.(上海市)Sam’sgrandfatherhasbeen10years.13.MygrandpajoinedthePartythirtyyearsago.(福州市)MygrandpathePartythirtyyears.14.Igotuphalfanhourago.(哈爾濱)Iupforhalfanhour.【類型六】運(yùn)用復(fù)合句和不定式進(jìn)行相互改寫(xiě)?！窘忸}要領(lǐng)】此類復(fù)合句主要是賓語(yǔ)從句和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句改為不定式的句式有：1）hope/wish,besure,tell等后跟that引導(dǎo)的從句，可轉(zhuǎn)換為不定式；2）特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，也可轉(zhuǎn)換為“特殊疑問(wèn)句+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)，構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)。So…that…引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句有兩種情況：1）表示肯定的結(jié)果，可與“enoughto”結(jié)構(gòu)互換；2）表示否定的結(jié)果，它既可以與“too…to”結(jié)構(gòu)互換，也可以改為“not+adj./adv.+enoughto”。（注：此時(shí)的形容詞或副詞應(yīng)為上句的反義詞。）注意：“so…that…”結(jié)構(gòu)前后主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí)，應(yīng)在enough或too+adj.后面加forsb.。【精典例句】1、我希望將來(lái)某一天參觀月球。IhopethatIwillvisitthemoonsomeday.Ihopetovisitthemoonsomeday.2、他向我顯示如何使用電腦。Heshowedmehowheusedacomputer.Heshowedmehowtouseacomputer.3、這屋子這么大，能容納1000人。Theroomissolargethatitcanhold1,000people.Theroomislargeenoughtohold1,000people.4、他年紀(jì)太小，不能上學(xué)。Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.Heistooyoungtogotoschool.Heisn’toldenoughtogotoschool.【直擊中考】15.Theycanhardlydecidewhattheywilldonext.(濟(jì)南市)Forthemtodecidewhatnext.16.TheforeignerswanttoknowhowtheycanlearnChineseKongfuwell.(濟(jì)南市)TheforeignerswanttoknowlearnChineseKongfuwell.17.Heistooyoungtogotoschool.(上海徐匯區(qū))Heisn’ttogotoschool.18.Shewassoweakthatshwcould’ttakecareofherbaby.(遼寧省)Shewasweaktakecareofherbaby.【類型七】運(yùn)用介詞短語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)。【解題要領(lǐng)】英語(yǔ)中的介詞短語(yǔ)，諸如：attheageof,without,insteadof.withthehelpof,thanksto,bein,besatisfiedwith等，可與一些復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，這類結(jié)構(gòu)主要是并列句或兩個(gè)句子，由連詞and、but、when等連接?！揪淅洹?、她八歲時(shí)就學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)了。ShebegantolearnEnglishwhenshewaseight.Attheageofeight,shebegantolearnEnglish.2、明天我們將去野餐。我們不去看電影。Wewillgoforapicnictomorrow.Wewon’tseeafilm.Wewillgoforapicnicinsteadofseeingafilmtomorrow.【直擊中考】19.Hebegantolearnhowtouseacomputerwhenhewasfiveyearsold.(廣州市)Hebegantolearnhowtouseacomputer.20.Theheavytrafficstoppedthemfromgettingtoschoolintime.(成都市)Theheavytraffictheyforschool.【類型八】運(yùn)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)進(jìn)行改寫(xiě)。【解題要領(lǐng)】通過(guò)改變主語(yǔ)，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)之間可進(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，在轉(zhuǎn)換過(guò)程中，掌握被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成是最為關(guān)鍵的。學(xué)習(xí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)與時(shí)間緊密結(jié)合，根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)，來(lái)確定被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)部分。另外，還需充分把握含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)，即“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”?！揪淅洹?、許多人說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。ManypeoplespeakEnglish./Englishisspokenbymanypeople.2、我們應(yīng)該經(jīng)常給花澆水。Weshouldregularlywaterflowers./Flowersshouldbewaterregularly.【直擊中考】21.Itiswidelyacceptedthatmorepeopleusecomputersintheworldtoday.(遼寧省)Computerswidelyintheworldtoday.22.Wemustkeepthenoiselevelunder50dbs(分貝).(上海市)Thenoiselevelmustunder50dbs.【類型九】運(yùn)用并列連詞（組）改寫(xiě)?！窘忸}要領(lǐng)】運(yùn)用并列連詞（組）both…and,neither…nor,either…or,notonly…butalso,aswellas等，可將并列句或兩個(gè)句子合并為一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，而且要把握neither…nor,either…or,notonly…butalso采取就近原則。【精典例句】1、你能說(shuō)法語(yǔ)，我也能說(shuō)法語(yǔ)。YoucanspeakFrench.IcanspeakFrench,too.BothyouandIcanspeakFrench.2、她沒(méi)有去過(guò)日本，我也沒(méi)有去過(guò)日本。Shehasn’tbeentoJapan.Ihaven’tbeentoJapan,either.NeithershenorIhavebeentoJapan.【直擊中考】23.WeiHuamaybeontheteam,orAnnmay.(遼寧省)WeiHuaAnnmaybeontheteam.24.Aliceisafilmstar.Saraharefilmstar,too.(新疆)AliceSaraharefilmstars.25.Lucycan’tsingtheEnglishsongYesterdayOnceMore.AndLilycan’tsingit,either.(北京東城區(qū))LucyandLilycan’tsingtheEnglishsongYesterdayOnceMore.【類型十】運(yùn)用“so+動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”和“neither/nor+動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行改寫(xiě)。【解題要領(lǐng)】“so+動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示肯定，譯為“某人（物）也如此”。這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)指前一句所說(shuō)的情況，同樣也適合另一個(gè)人或物。顯然，上下句主語(yǔ)不同。轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)應(yīng)注意四點(diǎn)：1）動(dòng)詞指助動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；2）動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)上與前句呼應(yīng)；3）動(dòng)詞在數(shù)上要與本句主語(yǔ)保持一致；4）表示否定時(shí)，neither/nor本身具有否定意義，動(dòng)詞要用肯定形式。【精典例句】1、吉姆準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成了這項(xiàng)工作。約翰也準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成了這項(xiàng)工作。Jimfinishedtheworkontime.Johnfinisheditontime,too.Jimfinishedtheworkontime,sodidJohn.2、今天早上她沒(méi)吃東西。我也沒(méi)吃東西。Shedidn’teatanythingthismorming.Ididn’teatanything,either.Shedidn’teatanythingthismorming,neither/nordidI.【直擊中考】26.Jimwantstogoboatingandhisparentswanttogoboating,too.(廣州市)Jimwantstogoboating,andhisparents.27.Ilikeplayingtennis.Helikesplayingtennis,too.(廈門(mén)市)Ilikeplayingtennis,he.【類型十一】變?yōu)楹匈e語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句【解題要領(lǐng)】?jī)蓚€(gè)句子合并為賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，一是找引導(dǎo)詞。賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞有三種情況：1）當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句表示陳述事情的時(shí)候（即為陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)），引導(dǎo)詞為that;2）當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句表示一般疑問(wèn)意義的時(shí)候（即為一般疑問(wèn)結(jié)構(gòu)），引導(dǎo)詞為if/whether；3）當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句表示特殊疑問(wèn)意義的時(shí)候（即為特殊疑問(wèn)結(jié)構(gòu)），引導(dǎo)詞為原來(lái)的特殊疑問(wèn)詞；二是變陳述句。無(wú)論是由哪一種引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句都應(yīng)使用陳述語(yǔ)序；三是主從一致。它是針對(duì)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的某種過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)而言的，即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)；現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)；一般將來(lái)時(shí)與過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)一一對(duì)應(yīng)。但是如果從句表示客觀真理，從句時(shí)態(tài)不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的影響，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)即可?！揪淅洹?、我想知道明天是否下雨。Iwanttoknow.Willitraintomorrow?Iwanttoknowif