張家界市重點中學(xué)新高考沖刺押題（最后一卷）英語試卷及答案解析

張家界市重點中學(xué)新高考沖刺押題（最后一卷）英語試卷考生請注意：1．答題前請將考場、試室號、座位號、考生號、姓名寫在試卷密封線內(nèi)，不得在試卷上作任何標記。2．第一部分選擇題每小題選出答案后，需將答案寫在試卷指定的括號內(nèi)，第二部分非選擇題答案寫在試卷題目指定的位置上。3．考生必須保證答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Despitethefactthathisscoresweregood,theywerehardlyasexcellentasastudentwithhisintelligence.A．a(chǎn)chieved B．hadachievedC．wouldachieve D．shouldhaveachieved2．Therealwinnersinsportarethosewhoknowhowtopersevereandtobehavewith________—whethertheywinorloseagame.A．certaintyB．cautionC．dignityD．independence3．,hetalksalotabouthisfavoritesingersafterclass.A．Aquietstudentashemay B．QuietstudentashemaybeC．Beaquietstudentashemay D．Quietashemaybeastudent4．Allenfollowedhiscustomeracrosstheyardandstoodonthestepofthehouse,twoshoppingbags.A．lifted B．havinglifted C．tolift D．lifting5．Mr.Smithdidn’tunderstand_____madehissonsoupsetthatevening.A．whatwasit B．whyitwasthis C．howthatwas D．whatitwasthat6．—ThemovieTillDeathDoUsPart《最愛》willbeonat8pm．Whataboutpickingyouupat7pm?—Allright．Iwillhavecomebackfromworkbythen,andIyouathome．A．willbewaitingfor B．willwaitfor C．havebeenwaitingfor D．a(chǎn)mwaitingfor7．—Ifeltitverydifficulttocarryontheworkallbymyself.—Icouldhavehelpedyou,butyou_____meto.A．hadn’tasked B．didn’task C．haven’tasked D．don’task8．IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.，manypeoplehavegonehome.A．whosetime B．thatC．onwhich D．bywhichtime9．Theyfelt________itwashightaxandlowincome________contributedtotheextrememiseryoftheworkingpeopleatthebottomoftheladder.A．/；that B．that;whichC．that;what D．/;which10．—Whatdoyouwanttodonext?Wehavehalfanhouruntilthebasketballgame.—_____.Whateveryouwanttodoisfinewithme.A.It’suptoyou B．GladtohearthatC．Youcan’tmissit D．Itjustdepends11．Backwardsomewhattechnologically________weareforthemoment,wehaveconfidenceinourabilitytocatchupintime.A．a(chǎn)lthoughB．ifC．a(chǎn)sD．once12．Thefinancialdamageisnothingcomparedtowhat_______iftherehadbeenchildrenintheclassroomintimeofthefire.A．wouldhappen B．happenedC．wouldhavehappened D．shouldhavehappened13．ThemothergoesmadeverytimeshewashestheT-shirt__________hersonwipeshisdirtyhands.A．that B．whereC．which D．when14．Maybeitistimefortherestofsocietyto_________thefact_________Imaynotbeabletowalk,therearemanyothergreatthingsIcando.A．a(chǎn)djustto;thatB．getusedto;thatwhileC．a(chǎn)daptto;whileD．goabout;thatwhile15．Itsagoodideatogetstudentstoretellastorytheirownwords．A．of B．in C．by D．through16．—Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?—"Noperson_______smokeorcarryalightedcigarette,cigarorpipeinthisarea．"A．shall B．may C．must D．Will17．Parentsneedtoencouragekidstodeveloptheirpotential_____puttingtoomuchpressureonthem.A．withoutB．besidesC．byD．for18．I________mycellphonelastnight.Nowthebatteryisrunningout.A．couldhavecharged B．mightchargeC．shouldhavecharged D．wouldcharge19．Theincomesofskilledworkerswentup.,unskilledworkerssawtheirearningsfall.A．Moreover B．ThereforeC．Meanwhile D．Otherwise20．—WhatdoyouthinkofBetty?—Lovely，thoughshe______benaughtysometimes．A．should B．mustC．can D．need第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21．（6分）IwasbornandraisedinMinnesota,theUSA,butasanadultIhavemostlylivedinEuropeandAfrica.Iteachcross-culturalmanagementattheInternationalBusinessSchoolnearParis.Forthelast15years,I’vestudiedhowpeopleindifferentpartsoftheworldbuildtrust,communicate,andmakedecisionsespeciallyintheworkplace.WhiletravelinginTokyorecentlywithacolleague,Igaveashorttalktoagroupof20managers.Attheend,Iaskedwhethertherewereanyquestionsorcomments.Nohandswentup,soIwenttositdown.Mycolleaguewhisperedtome,“Ithinkthereactuallyweresomecomments,Erin.DoyoumindifIfry?”Iagreed,butIguesseditawasteofbreath.Heaskedthegroupagain.“Anycommentsorquestions?”Still,nooneraisedahand,butthistimehelookedverycarefullyateachpersoninthesilentaudience.Gesturingtooneofthem,hesaid,“Doyouhavesomethingtoadd?”Tomyamazement,sheresponded“Yes,thankyou.”andaskedmeaveryinterestingquestion.Mycolleaguerepeatedthisseveraltimes,lookingdirectlyattheaudienceandaskingformorequestionsorcomments.Afterthesession,Iaskedmycolleague,“Howdoyouknowthatthosepeoplehadquestions?”Hehesitated,notsurehowtoexplainit,andthensaid,“ithastodowithhowbrighttheireyesare.”Hecontinued,“InJapan,wedon’tmakeasmuchdirecteyecontactasyoudointheWest.Sowhenyouaskediftherewereanycomments,mostpeoplewerenotlookingdirectlyatyou.Butafewpeopleinthegroupwerelookingrightatyou,andtheireyeswerebright.Thatindicatesthattheywouldbehappytohaveyoucallonthem.”IthoughttomyselfIwouldneverhavelearnedfrommyupbringinginMinnesota.Sincethen,ItrytofocusonunderstandingbehaviorinotherculturesIencounter,andkeepfindingthebrighteyesintheroom.1、Whatcanweconcludefromthefirstparagraph?A．LifeinMinnesotahasmadetheauthorwornout.B．Theauthorenjoystravelingaroundtheworld.C．Differentculturesarekindoffamiliartotheauthor.D．Theauthormaystarthisownbusinessinthefuture.2、Hearingthecolleaguewhispering,theauthor________.A．wentbacktohisscatandgotseatedB．knewhiscolleaguehadsomequestionsC．owedabigdebtofgratitudetohiscolleagueD．thoughthiscolleaguewouldgetnowhere3、Wheredoestheauthor’scolleagueprobablycomefrom?A．Japan. B．America.C．Africa. D．France4、Whichisthepropertitleforthepassage?A．FocusingonBehaviorinCultures.B．LookingatAnotherCultureintheEye.C．SharingDifferentCulturesinTokyo.D．AdmiringtheBeautyintheEye.22．（8分）TheFrickCollection(5thAvenueandE.70thStreet)ManyartloverswouldrathervisitthissmallartgallerythananyotherinNewYork.HenryClayFrick,arichNewYorker,diedin1919,leavinghishouse,furnitureandartcollectionstoAmericanpeople.Frickhadapreferenceforpre-twentiethcenturyWesternpaintings,andthesearewell-representedinthisexcellentcollection.YoucanalsoexploreFrick’sbeautifulhouseandgardenwhicharewellworthavisitGuggenheimMuseum(5thAvenueand88thStreet)Thismuseumowns5,000excellentmodernpaintings,sculpturesanddrawings.Theseartworksarenotalldisplayedatthesametime.Theexhibitionisalwayschanging.ItwillappealtothosewholoveImpressionistandPost-Impressionistpaintings.TheGuggenheimMuseumbuildingisalsoworld-famous.Thebestwaytoseethepaintingsistostartfromthetopfloorandwalkdowntothebottom.Therearenostairs,justacircular(環(huán)形的)path.MetropolitanMuseumofArt(5thAvenueand82ndStreet)Thereputationofthismuseumliesinthevarietyofitsartcollection.Thiscoversmorethan5,000yearsofcivilizationfrommanypartsoftheworld.Themuseumdisplaysmorethanjustthevisualdelightsofart.Itintroducesyouinancientwaysofliving.YoucanvisitanEgyptiantemple,afragrantMinggarden,atypicalroominan18thcenturyFrenchhouseandmanyotherspecialexhibitions.WhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt(945MadsionAvenue,near75thStreet)TheWhitneyholdsanexcellentcollectionorcontemporaryAmericanpaintingsandsculptures.Therearenopermanentdisplaysinthismuseumandexhibitionschangeallthetime.Everytwoyears,theWhitneyholdsaspecialexhibitionofnewartbylivingartists.Themuseumalsoshowsvideosandfilmsbycontemporaryvideoartists.1、WhatcanweknowaboutHenryClayFrick?A．Heoncelivedapoorlife.B．Hehadadeeploveforhiscountry.C．Heleftallhispossessionstohisfamily.D．Helovedtwentiethcenturypaintingsverymuch.2、WhatdoGuggenheimMuseumandWhitneyMuseumofAmericanArthaveincommon?A．Theybothhavestairsintheirbuildings.B．Theybothholdartworksbylivingartists.C．Theexhibitionsinthemarealwayschanging.D．Theybothdisplaymodernpaintings,sculpturesanddrawings.3、Ifyouareinterestedinancientcivilization,youcangoto________.A．TheFrickCollection B．GuggenheimMuseumC．WhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt D．MetropolitanMuseumofArt4、WhatcanweinferaboutWhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt?A．Thereareonlypaintingsofgreatartists.B．Itislocatedinthesameavenueastheothers.C．Youcan’tenjoynewartoflivingartistseachyear.D．Itisnotaspopularamongartloversastheothermuseums.5、Thepassageismainlyabout________A．somefamousartists B．somefamouspaintingsC．somefamousplacesofinterest D．somefamousartmuseums23．（8分）Ifmathsisthelanguageoftheuniverse,beesmayhavejustutteredtheirfirstwords.Newresearchsuggeststhesebusybodiesoftheinsectworldarecapableofadditionandsubtraction(減法)—usingcolorsintheplaceofplusandminussymbols.Intheanimalkingdom,theabilitytocount—oratleastdistinguishbetweendifferingquantities—isn’tunusual:Ithasbeenseeninfrogs,spiders,andevenfish.Butsolvingequations(方程式)usingsymbolsisrare,sofaronlyachievedbyfamouslybrainyanimalssuchaschimpanzeesandAfricangreyparrots.Buildingonpreviousresearchthatsaysthesocialinsectscancounttofourandunderstandtheconceptofzero,researcherswantedtotestthelimitsofwhattheirtinybrainscando.Scientiststrained14beestolinkthecolorsblueandyellowtoadditionandsubtraction,respectively.TheyplacedthebeesattheentranceofaY-shapedmaze(迷宮),wheretheywereshownseveralshapesineitheryelloworblue.Iftheshapeswereblue,beesgotarewardiftheywenttotheendofthemazewithonemoreblueshape(theotherendhadonelessblueshape);iftheshapeswereyellow,theygotarewardiftheywenttotheendofthemazewithonelessyellowshape.Thetestingworkedthesameway:Beesthat“subtracted”oneshapewhentheysawyellow,or“added”oneshapewhentheysawbluewereconsideredtohaveacedthetest.Thebeesgottherightanswer63%to72%ofthetime,dependingonthetypeofequationandthedirectionoftherightanswer—muchbetterthanrandomguesseswouldallow—theresearchersreporttodayinScienceAdvances.Thoughtheresultscamefromjust14bees,researcherssaytheadvanceisexciting.Ifabrainabout20,000timessmallerthanourscanperformmathsusingsymbols,itcouldpavethewaytonovelapproachesinartificialintelligence(AI)andmachinelearning.Justdon’taskthebeestodoyourhomeworkanytimesoon.1、Whydothescientistsconducttheresearch?A．Toteachthemmaths. B．Totestthepoweroftinybrains.C．Toexplainthemeaningofcolors. D．Togetaccesstomachinelearning.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“aced”inParagraph5probablymean?A．Givenup. B．Enteredfor.C．Gotthrough. D．Checkedover.3、Whatmighttheresearchmakecontributionsto?A．Languageacquisition. B．Arithmeticlearning.C．Protectionofanimals. D．DevelopmentofAI.4、Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Bees“Like”CountingB．Bees“Tell”ColorsApartC．Bees“Perform”MathsUsingShapesD．Bees“Get”AdditionandSubtraction24．（8分）WhenGitanjaliRaosharedhowshelikes“findingsolutionstorealproblems”,itwashardtoimaginethisdynamic11-year-oldgirlcouldsettleaproblemthathasescapedscientistsforyears.Injustthreemonths,Raocameupwithadevice（裝置）thatcanreplacethecostlyandlengthytestscurrentlyusedtoreliablydetermineleadlevelsinourfreshwater.Inspiredbythecurrentlitigation（訴訟）inFlint,Michigan,acaseofwaterpollutionfrom2014to2015,RaodesignedanewtestingsystemthatresultedinherbeingnamedAmerica’sTopYoungScientistfor2017.Raohadbeenfollowingthewaterproblemforabouttwoyears.Shewasamazedbythenumberofpeopleaffectedbyleadpollutioninwaterandwantedtodosomethingtochangethis.Gitanjalispentmonthstryingtoconvincelocalhighschoolsandcollegestogiveherlabtimetocontinueherexperiment.Athome,Gitanjaliworkedonherprojectinthe“scienceroom”sheaskedherparentstocreateforher.Raohascreatedadevicethatusesthreeparts:acartridge,aBluetoothreaderandanapp.Toputitsimply,thecartridgecontainscarbonnanotubes（納米管）thatreacttolead.ThisreactionisthenregisteredbytheBluetoothreader,whichsendsasignaltoamobileappthatcantellyouimmediatelyifyourwaterissafetodrink.RaoappropriatelynamedthedeviceTethysaftertheGreekgoddessoffreshwater,andishopingtomakealittleimprovementtogetthedeviceonthemarket.Whilewemaynotbeawareofanyleadpollutionpresentinouragingpipelines,leadpoisoningcancausedelaysinphysicalandmentaldevelopment.WithRaobelievingthatthe“purposeofscienceistomakeadifference”,herincredibleinventioncouldmakeadifferencetomillionsofpeopleintheUnitedStates.1、WhatdoweknowaboutRao’sdevice?A．It’scheapandquick.B．It’scheapandinaccurate.C．It’sexpensiveandreliable.D．It’sportableandtime-consuming.2、WhatmadeRaohavetheideaofdesigningthedevice?A．Herparents’suggestions.B．ThenameoftheGreekgoddess.C．Herinterestinsettlingrealproblems.D．ThewaterpollutionlitigationinFlint.3、Whatdothecarbonnanotubesfunctionas?A．Sendingimmediatesignals.B．Recordingthereactionresults.C．Detectingthepresenceoflead.D．Showingthewaterqualityresults.4、WhatdoestheauthorthinkofRao’sinvention?A．ItwillleadRaotomakeafortune.B．ItwillhelpmillionsofAmericansdrinksafewater.C．ItwillpromotethedevelopmentofscienceinAmerica.D．Itwillsoonsettlethelead-pollutedproblemthoroughly.25．（10分）Insummertheextremeheatoftenmakespeoplesweatyandrestless.Whilepeopleareannoyedbyit,expertssuggestsummeristhebestseasontodischarge(排放)yourbody’stoxins(毒素)andrecoveryourenergy.Onepopularoptionishot-stonemassage(按摩).Therapistsusesmoothandheatedstones,usuallyriverrocks,tomassagecertainpartsofthebody,orplacethemonkeypointsofthebody.Thewarmthofthehotstoneswillimprovebloodcirculationandalsohelprelaxmuscles,whilesweatingisalsobelievedtobegoodfordischargingthebody’stoxins.Anotherpopularoptionishot-stonebaths.Thehot-stonebathwillhelpthebodydischargetoxinsandhumidity(濕氣)thataccumulatedduringthelastwinter.Summeristhebestseasontobuildagoodbody.Ratherthanusewaterorsteamtoheatandwashthebody,peoplesimplywearacoatorsomethingcomfortable,andthenlieonheatedstonetabletsmadeofhotstones,whicharewarmedtoaround45℃.Thebodywillgraduallywarmupandbloodcirculationwillalsobeimproved.Moresweatwillcomeoutquickly.Thesweatissmoothandfresh,notsmellylikethatreleasedaftersportsactivities.Suchbathsbringanumberofhealthbenefits,suchasanti-aging,improvedbloodcirculationandstressrelief.Theslimmingeffectofdietingcanevenbepromoted.Usinghotstonesforhealingdatesbacktoancienttimes,butthemodernrenewalofhot-stonemassageisgenerallycreditedtoMaryNelson,anativeofTucson,Arizona,America,whosetrademarkis“LaStoneTherapy”.Thetherapyisgainingwidepopularitywithmanypeople,especiallythosewhohavejobsincoolair-conditionedrooms.Thehot-stonetherapycanhelpcuremanydiseases,includingbackpain.1、Whatdopeopleusetoreleasetoxinsinourbodyaccordingtothetext?A．Swimminginwhitewater.B．Livingincoldwinter.C．Lyingonthewarmbeds.D．Discharginglotsofsweat.2、Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A．Therearenotoxinsandhumidityinthebodyinsummer.B．Sportshavegreatereffectsonthehealththanhot-stonemassage.C．Usingwaterofabout45℃towashthebodyisgoodforthehealth.D．Peopleshouldtakeadvantageofsummertoimprovetheirhealth.3、Whatcanbelearnedaboutthehot-stonetherapy?A．ItwasinventedbyMaryNelson,anAmerican.B．Itsuccessfullycuredmanypeopleofcancer.C．Itispopularwithpeoplebecauseofitsexcellenteffects.D．Itcanhelppeopleavoidsweatingtoomuchinhotsummer.4、Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．HowtolivecomfortablyinsummerB．AhealthyandcomfortablelifestyleC．Theamazingfunctionsofthehot-stonetherapyD．Theoriginanddevelopmentofthehot-stonetherapy第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項．26．（30分）TherearetoomanyfatpeopleinAmerica,somanyAmericansarefightingagainstoverweight.Butthe1thingisthattheFrench,whoconsumerichfood,2tostaythin.Nowa3byCornellUniversitysuggests4lifestyleanddecisionsabout5mayaffectweight.ResearchersconcludedthattheFrenchtendtostopeatingwhentheyfeel6.However,Americanstendtostopwhentheir7areemptyortheirfavoriteTVshowisover.AccordingtoDr.JosephMercola,a8expert,theFrenchseeeating9animportantpartoftheirlifestyle.Theyenjoyfoodandthereforespenda10timeatthetable,whileAmericansseeeatingas11tobesqueezedbetweentheotherdailyactivities.MercolabelievesAmericans12theabilitytosensewhentheyareactuallyfull.SotheykeepeatinglongaftertheFrenchwouldhave13.Inaddition,hepointsoutthatAmericansdrivetohugesupermarketstobuycannedand14foodsfortheweek.TheFrench,15tendtoshopdaily,walkingtosmallshopsandfarmers’marketswheretheyhavea16offreshfruits,vegetables,andeggsaswellashigh-qualitymeatsforeachmeal.AfteravisittotheUnitedStates,MireilleGuiliano,authorofFrenchWomenDon’tGetfat,decidedto17abouttheimportanceofknowingwhentostopratherthansuggestinghowtoavoid18.Todayshecontinuestostayslimandrarelygoestothegym.Inspiteofallthesedifferences,evidenceshowsthatrecentlifestyle19maybeaffectingFrencheatinghabits.Todaytherateofobesity(肥胖)—orextremeoverweight—amongadultsisonly6%.However,asAmericanfastfoodgains20andtheyoungrejectoldertraditions,theobesityrateamongFrenchchildrenhasreached17%—andisgrowing.1、A．presentB．naturalC．strangeD．modern2、A．continueB．moveC．tryD．expand3、A．researchB．novelC．bookD．newspaper4、A．thatB．whatC．howD．when5、A．workingB．livingC．studyingD．eating6、A．sensitiveB．sadC．happyD．full7、A．pocketsB．refrigeratorsC．housesD．plates8、A．educationB．healthC．literatureD．speech9、A．intoB．a(chǎn)sC．insideD．to10、A．fairlylongB．fairlyshortC．veryexcitingD．ratherfast11、A．a(chǎn)nythingB．somethingC．everythingD．nothing12、A．getB．bringC．loseD．receive13、A．keptB．enjoyedC．wentD．stopped14、A．hotB．coolC．warmD．frozen15、A．thereforeB．insteadC．howeverD．merely16、A．choiceB．messageC．orderD．number17、A．writeB．readC．speakD．think18、A．fruitB．foodC．oilD．egg19、A．examplesB．traditionC．changesD．stories20、A．failureB．successC．a(chǎn)cceptanceD．rejection第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）Monkeysdonotlikeitwhenothersgetmorefood1．theydo,accordingtoanewstudy.ResearchersfromYaleandHarvarduniversitiesfoundCapuchinmonkeyspunishmonkeys2．getmorefood."Thissortof,'IfIcan'thaveit,noonecan'responseisbecause3．psychologicalspite(怨恨),anditwas4．(previous)thoughtuniquetohumans,"saidKristinLeimgruberofHarvardUniversity.Sheisaco-authoroftheresearchstudy.TheresearcherswatchedassomeCapuchinmonkeys5．(give)morefoodthanothers.Theyfoundthatmonkeysgettingthe6．(small)sharepulledaropetofoldupatableholdingtheothermonkey'sbiggershare.Anotherleadresearcher,LaurieSantas,7．(explain)overemail,"Ithinkwhatwecanconcludeabouthumansisthatsomeofourmoreembarrassingtendencieshaverelativelydeep8．(root)."Santossaidthespitefulresponsewasnotpresentwithanothermemberoftheapespecies—chimpanzees(黑猩猩).Anearlierstudy,shesaid,showedchimpanzeeswouldfoldupthetableofotherchimpanzees9．(steal)foodfromthem.Buttheywouldnotpunishchimpanzeeswhojusthappened10．(have)morefood,Santossaid.Inotherwords,itwasfineifanotherchimpanzeehadmorefoodaslongastheydidnotstealit.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。LiMingisafriendofmine.I'mgladhechangedgreatlyinthepasttwoyears.Iclearlyrememberhewasquitefattwoyearsbefore.Hegottiredsoeasythathecouldn'ttakeexercise,thatmadehimveryupset.Later,herealizedunlesshewentonlikethat,hewouldendupachievenothing.So,hemadeuphismindstomakeachange.Hewentrunningeverymorningandplayedthebasketballeveryafternoon.Besides,hefollowedadietofmorevegetablesorlessmeat.Graduallyhebegantoloseweight.Heisnowanenergeticboyingoodhealth.Sowhenfacedwithproblems,weshouldovercomeitwithgreatdeterminationandstrongwillpower.第二節(jié)書面表達（滿分25分）29．（25分）假如你是李華，最近在網(wǎng)上看到一則國際學(xué)校的暑期課程