2022-2023學(xué)年江蘇省前黃某中學(xué)高二年級(jí)上冊(cè)第一次學(xué)情檢測(cè)英語試題 （解析版）

省前中2024屆高二第一學(xué)期第一次學(xué)情檢測(cè)英語試卷

第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.Whoisprobablyatcollege?

A.Liza.B.Peter.C.Grace.

2.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?

A.Cheerful.B.Unhappy.C.Afraid.

3.Whatdoesthewomanwanttolearnnextyear?

A.Math.B.Science.C.Law.

4.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Professorandstudent.B.Bossandsecretary.C.Managerandapplicant.

5.Whatistheweatherlikeintheman'shometown?

A.Warm.B.Comfortable.C.Wet.

第二節(jié)（共15小題海小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各

小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第六段材料，回答第6-7題。

6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Atanairport.B.Athome.C.Atarestaurant.

7.Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithabouttheflight?

A.Theservice.B.Themovie.C.Thefood.

聽第七段材料，回答第8-9題。

8.WhenwillSophiegotoFlorida?

A.OnJune30th.B.OnJune28th.C.OnJune26th.

9.WhatisSophiegoingtodoinOrlando?

A.Visitthemeparks.B.Gotoanaturereserve.C.Gocamping.

聽第八段材料，回答第10-12題。

10.Whatisthewoman'sfavoritesubject?

A.Spanish.B.Art.C.History.

11.Whatisthewomanplanningtodostraightafterleavingschool?

A.Workasajournalist.B.Startuniversity.C.Gotraveling.

12.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherfuturecareer?

A.Hesitant.B.Certain.C.Hopeless.

聽第九段材料，回答第13-16題。

13.HowmanyhoursdoesTomworkeverySaturday?

A.Five.B.Six.C.Nine.

14.WhatdoesTombasicallydo?

A.Heoffersadvicetocustomers.

B.Hebuysproductsforcustomers.

C.Hetakesthemoneyfromcustomers.

15.WhatisthemostdifficultforTom?

A.Toworklonghours.

B.Totalkallthetime.

C.Toknowaboutalltheproducts.

16.WhatdoesTomlikemostabouthisjob?

A.Meetingdifferentpeople.

B.Usingthelatestcomputers.

C.Gettingclosetonewtechnology.

聽第十段材料，回答第17-20題。

17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?

A.Ameasuretodealwithbeingoverweight.

B.Aschooltooffercookinglessons.

C.Awaytosetupcookingclubs.

18.Whatdoweknowaboutthecookinglessons?

A.Theywillbegiveninprimaryschools.

B.Theywillbeprovidedonehouraweek.

C.Theywilllastforthewholeschoolyear.

19.Whyareschoolssettingup"Let'sGetCooking^^clubs?

A.Toteachchildrentocookhealthyfood.

B.Totrainmorecookeryteachersforschools.

C.Tohelpstudentsremembersimplerecipes.

20.Whatdoesthegovernmentpromisetodo?

A.Buytheequipment.B.Buildnewkitchens.C.Helppoorstudents.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

MyfavouriteBooks

—PostedbyCatherineChung.agreatwriter

StoriesofYourLifeandOthersbyTedChiang

Thiscollectioncontainsseveralmathsstories.TheoneIrecommendisDivisionByZen?,aboutJaneParkinson,a

brilliantGermanmathematician.Tohergreatdespair,sheendsupprovingthatmathematicsisinconsistentandisable

toprovethatanytwonumbersareequal.Abeauliful,thought-provoking（發(fā)人深省的）storyabout

belief,understanding,andfaith.

TheHousekeeperandtheProfessorbyYokoOgawa

It*saboutawomanwhocomestoworkforaonce-greatmathematician.Duetoabraininjury,hehasonly80

minutesofshort-termmemoryavailabletohimbeforeheforgetseverything.Itisfilledwithbeautifulmaths,simply

andclearlydescribedalongsidefinelydrawnrelationshipsbetweenthecharacters.

TooMuchHappinessbyAliceMunro

Kovalevskayawasa19th-centurymathematicianatatimewhenwomenwerenotallowedinmostofEuropeto

attenduniversity.ShemamedamanwhopromisedtotakehertoGermanytostudy.Shemademajorcontributionsto

thefieldandbecamethefirstwomaninRussiatoobtainadoctorateinmathematics.

TheOreMiner'sWifebyKarllagnemma

Itisaboutaminerwhothinkshe'sdiscoveredtheprooftotheproblem:constructasquare,equalinareatoa

givencircle.Hiswife,notknowingwhathassuddenlytakenhisattentionandhistime,fearsheisbeingunfaithful.A

movingexplorationofthejoysofenteringaproblemwholeandthedesireandimpossibilityoftrulyknowingthose

welove.

1.Whatdoes'T'refertoinParagraph1?

A.CatherineChung.B.TedChiang.

C.JaneParkinson.D.YokoOgawa.

2.WhichbookisaboutapioneeringRussianwomanmathematician?

A.StoriesofYourLifeandOthers.B.TheHousekeeperandtheProfessor.

C.TooMuchHappiness.D.TheOreMiner'sWife.

3.Whatdothelistedbookshaveincommon?

A.Theytelllovestories.B.Theyinvolvemathematics.

C.Theyexplorehumanrelationship.D.Theyrevealpeople'sinnerworld.

【答案】LA2.C3.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章以MyfavouriteBooks為題，介紹了作家CatherineChung最喜歡的書籍。

【1題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“MyfavouriteBooks—PostedbyCatherineChung.agreatwriter（我最喜歡的書由

—Chung發(fā)布。一個(gè)偉大的作家）”可知，本文是以作家CatherineChung為第一視角的記敘文，介紹她喜

歡的書，由此可推知文中的第一人稱L指的是CatherineChung,故選A。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TooMuchHappinessbyAliceMunro段落內(nèi)容"Kovalevskayawasa19th-century

mathematicianatatimewhenwomenwerenotallowedinmostofEuropetoattenduniversity.Shemarriedaman

whopromisedtotakehertoGermanytostudy.Shemademajorcontributionstothefieldandbecamethefirst

womaninRussiatoobtainadoctorateinmathematics.（科瓦列夫斯卡婭是一名19世紀(jì)的數(shù)學(xué)家，當(dāng)時(shí)歐洲大部

分國(guó)家都不允許女性上大學(xué)。她嫁給了一個(gè)答應(yīng)帶她去德國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)的人。她在這一領(lǐng)域做出了重大貢獻(xiàn)，成

為俄羅斯第一位獲得數(shù)學(xué)博士學(xué)位的女性。）”可知，這本書是關(guān)于俄羅斯女?dāng)?shù)學(xué)家的

先驅(qū)科瓦列夫斯卡婭的，故選C。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)StoriesofYourLifeandOthersbyTedChiang段落內(nèi)容中的"Thiscollectioncontainsseveral

mathsstories.（這本合集里有幾個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)故事。）“；TheHousekeeperandtheProfessorbyYokoOgawa段落內(nèi)容

中的"It，saboutawomanwhocomestoworkforaonce-greatmathematician.（故事講的是——個(gè)女人為——位曾經(jīng)

偉大的數(shù)學(xué)家工作。）"；TooMuchHappinessbyAliceMunro段落內(nèi)容中的“Kovalevskayawasa19th-century

mathematician（科瓦列夫斯卡婭是一名19世紀(jì)的數(shù)學(xué)家）”以及TheOreMiner'sWifebyKarllagnemma段

落內(nèi)容中的uItisaboutaminerwhothinkshe*sdiscoveredtheprooftotheproblem:constructasquare,equalin

areatoagivencircle.（它是關(guān)于一個(gè)礦工的，他認(rèn)為自己發(fā)現(xiàn)了問題的證明:構(gòu)造一個(gè)正方形，面積等于一個(gè)

給定的圓。）”可知，列出的書籍具有的共同點(diǎn)是它們都包括數(shù)學(xué)。故選B。

B

Figureskating,speedskating,andicehockeycanalltracetheirbeginningstoearlycivilizationsthatfastened

animalbonestotheirfeettoskateonice,accordingtoADictionaryofBritishHistory.Bonerunnersfoundin

Switzerlanddateasfarbackas3000B.C.andthereisalsoevidenceoficeskatinginScandinaviaintheMiddleAges.

ModernskatinglikelygotitsstartintheNetherlands,whereitwasconsideredanationalrecreationintheearly

17thcentury,whennoblesskatedonfrozencanalsforfun.WealthyEuropeanspickedupthesportwhilevisitingthe

Netherlands,andBritishroyalssoonbroughtskatingbacktoEnglandinthelate1600s.WhentheThamesfrozeover

in1683,skatingwasamongthemanyrecreationsatLondon'sfamouswinterfairontheice,whichKingCharlesII

attended.

Attheendofthe18thcentury,AmericanballetdancerJacksonHainestransformedthesportintowhatisnow

knownasfigureskatingbyintroducingelementsofballettotheice.AccordingtotheDictionaryofAmericanHistory,

HainesskatedinbearandballetcostumesandtouredwithexhibitionsacrossEurope,wherehewasmostadmiredin

Vienna,Austria.

Iceskatingevolvedintoothersports,includingspeedskatingandicehockey.Speedskatinghasbeenaroundas

earlyasDutchpeopledaredtoraceontheirskates,buthockeydevelopedin19thcenturyCanadaasanicyversionof

fieldhockey.Bothwerewell-establishedbythe1900s,sotheywereonthelistinthefirstWinterOlympics.

Sincethe1900s,differenticeskatingclubshavebeenfoundedaroundtheWesternworld.Asinterestgrew,the

clubs'membershipincreasedoverthenext50years.Bytheendof20thcentury,iceskatingwassowidespreadthatit

wasoneofthefewrecreationsenjoyedbyalmosteverywesterner.

4.Whichofthefollowingistheoldestsportaccordingtothetext?

A.Icehockey.B.Speedskating.C.Bonerunning.D.Figureskating.

5.Whocontributedmosttothefigureskating?

A.Britishroyals.B.JacksonHaines.C.Dutchpeople.D.KingCharlesII.

6.Inwhatorderdidtheauthorwritethepassage?

A.Inorderofimportance.B.Inorderofplace.

C.Inorderoftime.D.Inorderoffrequency.

7.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A.Howiceskatingcameintospotlight.

B.Howiceskatingbecamewell-received.

C.Whyiceskatingisfamousintheworld.

D.WhyiceskatingentersWinterOlympics.

【答案】4.C5,B6.C7.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了滑冰的歷史和各個(gè)不同年代受到西方人民歡迎的滑冰項(xiàng)目。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段"Figureskating,speedskating,andicehockeycanalltracetheirbeginningstoearly

civilizationsthatfastenedanimalbonestotheirfeettoskateonice,accordingtoADictionaryofBritishHistory.

BonerunnersfoundinSwitzerlanddateasfarbackas3000B.C.andthereisalsoevidenceoficeskatingin

ScandinaviainIheMiddleAges.（根據(jù)《英國(guó)歷史詞典》，花樣滑冰、速度滑冰和冰球的起源都可以追溯到將動(dòng)

物骨骼固定在腳上在冰上滑冰的早期文明。在瑞士發(fā)現(xiàn)的跑骨者可以追溯到公元前3000年，也有證據(jù)表明

在中世紀(jì)的斯堪的納維亞半島有滑冰的現(xiàn)象。）”可知，最古老的運(yùn)動(dòng)是Bonerunning,故選C。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段"Attheendofthe18thcentury,AmericanballetdancerJacksonHainestransformed

thesportintowhatisnowknownasfigureskatingbyintroducingelementsofballettotheice.（l8IltZ已末，美國(guó)芭

蕾舞演員杰克遜?海恩斯將芭蕾的元素引入冰上，將這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)變成了現(xiàn)在所知的花樣滑冰。）”可知，對(duì)花

樣滑冰運(yùn)動(dòng)貢獻(xiàn)最大的是JacksonHaines,故選B。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。由第一段的“3000B.C.（公元前3000年）”，第二段的“intheearly17thcentury（17世紀(jì)早期）”,

"inthelate1600s（在17世紀(jì)末）”和“in1683（1683年）”,第三段的“Attheendofthe18thcentury。8世紀(jì)末）”,

第四段的"in19thcentury（19世紀(jì)）”和最后一段"Bytheendof20theentury（至!J20世紀(jì)末）”等表示時(shí)間的短

語看出，本文是按照時(shí)間順序來展開說明的。故選C。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。由第一段的“3000B.C.（公元前3000年）”,第二段的“intheearly17thcentury。7世紀(jì)早期）”,

“inthelate1600s（在17世紀(jì)末）”和“in1683（1683年）”,第三段的“Attheendofthe18thcentury（18世紀(jì)末）”,

第四段的“in19lhcentury。9世紀(jì)）”和最后一段“ByIheendof20thcentury（到20世紀(jì)末）”等表示時(shí)間的短

語看出，本文主要講述了不同時(shí)期不同滑冰方式是如何發(fā)展起來的，以及如何受到大家歡迎的，也就是主

要講的是滑冰是如何受到歡迎的。故選B。

C

Peoplewhoregularlysleepforsixhoursorlesseachnightinmiddleagearemorelikelytodevelopdementia

thanthosewhoroutinelymanagesevenhours,accordingtoamajorstudyintothedisease.

Researchersfounda30%greaterriskofdementiainthosewhoduringtheir50s,60sand70sconsistentlyhada

shortnight'ssleep,regardlessofotherriskfactorssuchasheartconditionandpoormenialhealth.

Sabia,anauthorofthestudyattheuniversityofParisandhercolleaguesanalyzedsurveydatafromUniversity

CollegeLondon'sWhitehallstudy,whichlaunchedin1985andfollowedthehealthandlifestylesofmorethan10,000

Britishvolunteers.TheFrenchteamfocusedonnearly8,000participantswhoself-reportedtheirsleeppatterns.

During25yearsoffollow-up.521participantsdevelopeddementia,withmostdiagnosedintheirlate70s.

WritinginNatureCommunications,thescientistsdescribedhowthosewhoroutinelygotsixhoursofsleeporless

eachnightintheir50sand60swere30%morelikelytodevelopdementiathanthosewhotypicallymanagedseven

hours.

Thestudydoesnotprovethatsleepingtoolittlecausesdementia,sincesleeplossitselfmaybeoneoftheearliest

symptomsofthedisease.Butsomescientistsbelievetheresultsstrengthenevidencethatcontinuouspoorsleepmay

atleastcontributetothedisease.

Thefirstpathologicalchangesthatleadtodementiaoccuronetotwodecadesbeforethediseasebecomes

obvious,asstickyproteinscalledamyloidbuildupinthebrain.Whenthe1985Whitehallstudyfirstassessedthe

sleepofvolunteerswholaterdevelopeddementia,thisprocesshadprobablynotstarted.Thismeantthatiftheywere

sleepingtoolittle,itwasunlikelytohavebeencausedbydementia-relatedbrainchanges.

“Itstrengthenstheevidencethatpoorsleepinmiddleagecouldcauseorworsendementiainlaterlifb,“saidDr.

LizCoulthard,aconsultantseniorlecturerindementianeurology.44Itmakessensetotakemeasurestoimprovesleep

suchasgoingoutsideduringdaylighthourstohelpmaintainthenaturalrhythmsthatpromotegoodsleep,avoiding

toomuchalcoholorcaffeine,particularlybeforebed,andfindingabedtimeroutinethatworksforyou.”

8.Whatriskfactorfordementiadoesthepassagefocuson?

A.Sleeploss.B.Age.C.Poormentalhealth.D.Heartcondition.

9.HowdidFrenchscientistsgettheresearchfindings?

A.Bymakingacomparison.B.Bymonitoringsleeppatterns.

C.ByinterviewingBritishvolunteers.D.Byanalyzingprevioussurveydata.

10.Inwhattonedothescientiststalkabouttheresearch?

A.Casual.B.Doubtful.C.Negative.D.Cautious.

11.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?

A.Togiveexamples.B.Tocollectproofs.

C.Tooffersuggestions.D.Topresentarguments.

【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。一項(xiàng)針對(duì)老年癡呆癥的重大研究表明，中年時(shí)每晚經(jīng)常睡6小時(shí)或更少的人比

那些每天睡7小時(shí)的人更容易患癡呆癥。文章介紹了研究開展的過程以及研究人員對(duì)此的看法和建議。

【8題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Researchersfounda30%greaterriskofdementiainthosewhoduringtheir50s,60sand

70sconsistentlyhadashortnight'ssleep,regardlessofotherriskfactorssuchasheartconditionandpoormental

health.（研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，無論是否存在心臟病和心理健康狀況不佳等其他風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素，那些在五六十歲和七十

歲時(shí)夜間睡眠持續(xù)不足的人患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)要高出30%）”可知，這篇文章關(guān)注的是癡呆的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素是睡眠

不足。故選A。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Sabia,anauthorofthestudyattheuniversityofParisandhercolleaguesanalyzed

surveydatafromUniversityCollegeLondon'sWhitehallstudy,whichlaunchedin1985andfollowedthehealthand

lifestylesofmorethan10,000Britishvolunteers.（巴黎大學(xué)研究報(bào)告的作者之一Sabia和她的同事分析了倫敦大

學(xué)學(xué)院白廳研究的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)。該研究于1985年啟動(dòng)，跟蹤調(diào)查了1萬多名英國(guó)志愿者的健康和生活方式）”

可知，法國(guó)科學(xué)家通過分析以前的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)得到研究結(jié)果。故選D。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段"Thestudydoesnotprovethatsleepingtoolittlecausesdementia,sincesleeplossitself

maybeoneoftheearliestsymptomsofthedisease.Butsomescientistsbelievetheresultsstrengthenevidencethat

continuouspoorsleepmayatleastcontributetothedisease.（這項(xiàng)研究并沒有證明睡眠太少會(huì)導(dǎo)致癡呆，因?yàn)樗?/p>

眠不足本身可能是這種疾病的早期癥狀之一。但一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，該研究結(jié)果進(jìn)一步證明，持續(xù)睡眠不佳

至少可能導(dǎo)致這種疾?。笨赏浦茖W(xué)家們用謹(jǐn)慎的語氣談?wù)撨@項(xiàng)研究。故選D。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段""Itstrengthenstheevidencethatpoorsleepinmiddleagecouldcauseorworsen

dementiainlaterlife,"saidDrLizCoulthard,aconsultantseniorlecturerindementianeurology.l4Itmakessenseto

takemeasurestoimprovesleepsuchasgoingoutsideduringdaylighthourstohelpmaintainthenaturalrhythmsthat

promotegoodsleep,avoidingtoomuchalcoholorcaffeine,particularlybeforebed,andfindingabedtimeroutine

thatworksforyou.”（老年癡呆癥神經(jīng)學(xué)高級(jí)顧問講師LizCoulthard博士說：''這進(jìn)一步證明了中年睡眠不佳

可能導(dǎo)致或惡化老年癡呆癥。采取措施改善睡眠是有道理的，比如白天外出以保持促進(jìn)良好睡眠的自然節(jié)

奏，避免過多的酒精或咖啡因，尤其是在睡前，找到適合自己的就寢時(shí)間。“）”可推知，最后一段的目的是

提供建議。故選C。

D

Intheanimalkingdom,killerwhales（虎鯨）aresocialstars:theytravelinvariedfamilygroups,carefor

grandchildren,andevenimitatehumanspeech.Now,scientistsareaddingonemorebehaviortothelist:formingfast

friendships.Anewstudyshowskillerwhalescanrivalanimalssuchaschimpanzeesandmacaques（akindof

monkey）,andevenhumanswhenitcomestothekindof"socialtouch^^thatindicatesstrongbonds.

Someoceananimalsmaintainsocialstructures—includingmaledolphinsthatleamthe"names“oftheirclose

allies（盟友）.Butthereislittledataaboutwildkillerwhales.That'swheredronetechnologycamein.MichaelWeiss,

abehavioralecologist,teamedupwithhiscolleaguestolaunchdrones,flyingthem30to120metersaboveagroupof

killerwhales.Thatwashighenoughnottotroublethewhales,markingthefirsttimedroneshavebeenusedtostudy

friendlyphysicalcontactinwhales.

Theresearchersrecordedover800instancesofphysicalcontactbetweenindividuals.Thoseincludedhugs,

back-to-backandnose-to-nosetouchesbetweenpairsofwhales.Otherwhalesplayfullythrewyoungwhalesintothe

air,lettingthemfallintothewater.Besides,thedroneimagesrevealedclearpreferencesamongindividuals,usually

forone“bestfriend^^ofthesamesexandage.TakeJ49andJ51—twodistantlyrelatedyoungmalesaged9and6

fbrinstance."Everytimeyouseeagroupofwhales,thosetwoarerightthereinteractingwitheachother,Weisssays.

Theyoungledmostoftheseinteractions,ratherthantheolderfemalesormales.Oldermalesinparticularwere

lessimportant.uTheyoungindividualsreallyseemtobetheglue（膠水）holdingthegroupstogether,Weisssays.As

individualsage,thisgraduallossof“centrality“isknowninmanysocialmammals,includinghumans.Thatfindingis

^especiallyappealing"toStaceyTecot,whowasn'tinvolvedinthestudy."Scientistshavelongobservedthissocial

agingtrendinanimals,buttherearestillmanyunansweredquestions,shesays.That'scertainlyontheresearchers9

radar."We'realreadygatheringnewdata,withmoreadvancedequipment,saysWeiss.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rival"inParagraph1probablymean?

A.Benefitfrom.B.Beequalto.

C.Dependon.D.Befondof.

13.WhatisnewaboutWeiss'research?

A.Theresearchmethod.B.Thevarietyofspecies.

C.Thesizeoftheresearchteam.D.Thetimespentontheresearch.

14.WhatdidWeissfindaboutJ49andJ51?

A.Theyhaveastablefriendship.

B.Theirinteractionsaremorecomplicated.

C.Theircommunicatingwayschangefrequently.

D.Theypreferplayingwithyoungfemalewhales.

15.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Moreresearcherswillbeinvolvedinthestudy.

B.Otherscientiststakeanegativeattitudetotheresearch.

C.Researcherswillcollectmoredatatostudykillerwhales.

D.Researcherswilluncoverthesocialagingtrendinanimalssoon.

【答案】12.B13.A14.A15.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了社交明星虎鯨的建立快速友誼的能力。行為生態(tài)學(xué)家邁克爾?韋

斯（MichaelWeiss）與同事合作發(fā)射無人機(jī)研究虎鯨的友好身體接觸。

【12題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一自然段“Now,scientistsareaddingonemorebehaviortothelist:formingfastfriendships."

（現(xiàn)在，科學(xué)家們又給這個(gè)清單增加了一種行為：建立快速友誼。）可知，科學(xué)家們對(duì)于虎鯨的社交能力又

有一項(xiàng)新的發(fā)現(xiàn)建立快速友誼。所以可推知下文"Anewstudyshowskillerwhalescanrivalanimalssuch

aschimpanzeesandmacaques（akindofmonkey）,andevenhumanswhenitcomestothekindof“socialtouch''that

indicatesstrongbonds.”（一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，虎鯨可以與黑猩猩和物猴（猴子的一種）等動(dòng)物，甚至人類Wl，

因?yàn)樗鼈兊摹吧缃唤佑|”表明它們之間有著牢固的聯(lián)系。）是說虎鯨的建立快速友誼的能力可以與黑猩猩和

驕猴等動(dòng)物，甚至人類相匹敵。A.Benefitfrom.從...受益；B.Beequalto.與相當(dāng)；C.Dependon.依靠;

D.Befondof.喜愛。故選B。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二自然段"Butthereislittledataaboutwildkillerwhales.That'swheredronetechnologycame

in.MichaelWeiss,abehavioralecologist,teamedupwithhiscolleaguestolaunchdrones,flyingthem30to120

metersaboveagroupofkillerwhales."（但關(guān)于野生虎鯨的數(shù)據(jù)很少。這就是無人機(jī)技術(shù)的起源。行為生態(tài)學(xué)

家邁克爾?韋斯（MichaelWeiss）與同事合作發(fā)射無人駕駛飛機(jī)，在一群虎鯨上方30至120米處飛行。）可

知，邁克爾?韋斯使用無人機(jī)進(jìn)行研究，也就是說他的研究方法新穎。故選A。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三自然段"TakeJ49andJ51—twodistantlyrelatedyoungmalesaged9and6—forinstance.

“Everytimeyouseeagroupofwhales,thosetwoarerightthereinteractingwitheachother,“Weisssays."（以J49

和J51這兩個(gè)9歲和6歲的遠(yuǎn)親年輕雄性虎鯨為例。韋斯說：“每次你看到一群虎鯨時(shí)，它們就在那里相互

交流?！保┛芍?J49和J51有穩(wěn)定的友誼。故選A。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段”"Scientistshavelongobservedthissocialagingtrendinanimals,buttherearestill

manyunansweredquestions,"shesays.Thafscertainlyontheresearchers'radar."We'realreadygatheringnewdata,

withmoreadvancedequipment,MsaysWeiss."（她說：”科學(xué)家們長(zhǎng)期以來一直觀察到動(dòng)物的這種社會(huì)老齡化

趨勢(shì)，但仍有許多問題沒有答案。"。這當(dāng)然是研究人員關(guān)注的問題。Weiss說：“我們已經(jīng)在用更先進(jìn)的設(shè)

備收集新數(shù)據(jù)。”）可知，研究人員將收集更多數(shù)據(jù)來研究虎鯨。故選C。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Iamgoingtodiscusssomeofthechoicesavailabletoyouandwhichjobsarebestsuitedtoyou:popularjobs,

moreunusualjobsoreverydayjobs.

16Somejobsmayseemdullbutareimportanttosociety,whileotherscanappearexcitingbutare

actuallydifficultandboring.Oneexampleistheso-called“cooljob“ofbeingamodeloranactor.Thesepeopleseem

tobelivingabetterlifethanothers.Actually,theyhavetomakefargreatereffortsthanordinarypeopleandonlya

fewofthemaresuccessful.Meanwhile,thosewhoaresuccessfulandfamoushavetodealwithconstantmedia

attention.17

Otherpopularprofessionsincludecareersinlaworbusiness.Manypeoplehaveambitionstobecomesuccessful

asalawyerorbusinessperson.18Thesecanbewell-paidandinterestingjobs,butyoualsohavetoworklong

hours.

Ontheotherhand,somepeoplefindmoreunusualjobssuitedtotheirtalentsandinterests.OnceImetayoung

manwhosejobwastochecknoisepollutioninaparkzone.Helovedcamping,andhisjobwaslikeaholidayforhim.

19Therearemanyotherpeopledoingunusualjobs,andtheylovetheirjobs,whichmightnotbepopular,but

areinteresting.

Likewise,manyordinaryjobs,suchasshopkeepers,driversandbarbers,maylookplain,buttheyarenecessary

tosociety.Withoutthem,wewouldnotgoaboutourdailylives.

Whenyouthinkaboutyourfuturecareer,remembersomecooljobscanberatherdifficultandthatsome

ordinaryjobscanbequiteimportant.20

A.Itdoesnotseemthatcoolnow,doesit?

B.Itwaseasytoseethatheenjoyeddoinghisjob.

C.Allofthemtogether,though,helpsocietyfunction.

D.He'sboredashisonlyneighborswerethebirdsinthenearbytrees.

E.Whenchoosingacareer,youshouldconsideralltheaspectsofajob.

F.Theyweardiamonds,gotopartiesandrelaxoncushionsinprivatejets.

G.However,theymayignorethestressandpressurethatcomewiththesejobs.

【答案】16.E17.A18.G19.B20.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本篇用簡(jiǎn)潔的語言分析了社會(huì)上存在的不同職業(yè)，并深入探究了職業(yè)表面與其

背后所需要付出的努力和社會(huì)價(jià)值。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)下文uSomejobsmayseemdullbutareimportanttosociety,whileotherscanappearexcitingbutareactually

difficultandboring.（有些工作看似枯燥，但對(duì)社會(huì)很重要，而另一些工作看似令人興奮，但實(shí)際上既困難

又無聊）”可知，我們?cè)谶x擇職業(yè)的時(shí)候往往只看到其表面。由此可知，我們?cè)谶x擇職業(yè)的時(shí)候，應(yīng)全面考

慮這一職業(yè)的本身。E項(xiàng)”在選擇職業(yè)時(shí)，你應(yīng)該考慮工作的各個(gè)方面”符合語境，引出下文。故選E。

【17題詳解】

空處位于段末，應(yīng)承接上文。根據(jù)上文"Oneexampleistheso-called"cooljob"ofbeingamodeloranactor.

Thesepeopleseemtobelivingabetterlifethanothers.Actually,theyhavetomakefargreatereffortsthanordinary

peopleandonlyafewofthemaresuccessful.Meanwhile,thosewhoaresuccessfulandfamoushavetodealwith

constantmediaattention（一個(gè)例子是所謂的“酷工作”，即當(dāng)模特或演員。這些人似乎過著比其他人更好的生

活。事實(shí)上，他們要比普通人付出更大的努力，只有少數(shù)人成功.同時(shí)，那些成功和出名的人必須面對(duì)媒

體的持續(xù)關(guān)注）”可知，看起來很酷的職業(yè)其實(shí)并非如此。A項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在看起來沒那么酷，是嗎？”符合語境,

承接上文，cool是關(guān)鍵詞。故選A。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Manypeoplehaveambitionstobecomesuccessfulasalawyerorbusinessperson.（許多人都渴望成為

一名成功的律師或商人）"和下文"Thesecanbewell-paidandinterestingjobs,butyoualsohavetoworklong

hours.（這些工作報(bào)酬豐厚，而且有趣，但你也必須長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作）”可知，商人和律師是很多人夢(mèng)想的職業(yè)，

這也工作雖然報(bào)酬高但工作時(shí)間很長(zhǎng)。由此可知，人們可能忽略了高報(bào)酬帶來的壓力。G項(xiàng)“然而，他們

可能會(huì)忽略這些工作帶來的壓力”符合題意。故選G。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“OnceImetayoungmanwhosejobwastochecknoisepollutioninaparkzone.Helovedcamping,and

hisjobwaslikeaholidayforhim.（有一次我遇到一個(gè)年輕人，他的工作是檢查公園區(qū)域的噪音污染。他喜歡

露營(yíng)，他的工作對(duì)他來說就像一個(gè)假期）”可知，這個(gè)年輕人的工作對(duì)他來說像是度假，由此推知，他很喜

歡自己的工作。B項(xiàng)“很容易看出他喜歡做他的工作”符合語境。故選B。

20題詳解】

空處位于文末，應(yīng)為總結(jié)性語言。根據(jù)上文uWhenyouthinkaboutyourfuturecareer,remembersomecooljobs

canberatherdifficultandthatsomeordinaryjobscanbequiteimportant.（當(dāng)你考慮你未來的職業(yè)時(shí)，i己住一些

很酷的工作可能相當(dāng)困難，而一些普通的工作可能非常重要）”即使是普通的工作也很重要，自有其意義。

故所有職業(yè)的存在都是為了社會(huì)的正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。C項(xiàng)“然而，所有這些都有助于社會(huì)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”符合語境。故選C。

第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

IwascleaningoutacupboardtheotherdaywhenImadeanamazingdiscovery.InsideI21the

manuscript（手稿）foranovel.Itincludedanoutlineofthe22andapileoftypedpagestellingastory.It

waswritten,tomy23一.bymyfatherwhohasbeendeadformorethan50years.Itisn't24,as

novelsgo,perhapsfiftyorsixtytypedpages,butwithoutmy25ithassomehowaccompaniedmethrough

myyearsof26.severaljobs,amarriage,thebirthofmychildrenandgrandchildren,retirementandevena

relocationacrossthecountrywhereIlive.

Yetthereitwas,restingunderalotofpapertoberecycled.Imighthave27myfather^legacy（遺產(chǎn)）.

Iwastruly28bymydiscovery.

I'minthemiddleofreadinganotherbook29mydad'snovelhasaplaceonmybed-sidetable.Iwant

tohavesome30timeforitsoIhaven9131examinedityet.Tmgoingtospendawhole

afterno