統(tǒng)考版2025屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)限時(shí)提分練十七必修④Unit2Workingtheland含解析

PAGE限時(shí)提分練(十七)必修④Unit2WorkingthelandⅠ.閱讀理解A[2024·開封市高三第一次模擬]Don'tlikeseedsinyourtomatoes?Youmightbepleasedtoknowthatseedlessoneshavebeencreatedbygeneediting.Thiscouldcreateawiderangeofseedlessfruits,butfewmayeverbeseeninthesupermarketifregulatorsdecidetotreatgene-editedcropsinthesamewayasgeneticallyengineered(轉(zhuǎn)基因的)ones.Severalseedlessfruits,frombananastograpes,arealreadyavailable,buthavemostlyappearedbyluckratherthandesign.Andalthoughthereareafewseedlessvarietiesoftomatoes,they'vetakenresearchersmanyyearstocreate.Nowitcanbedoneveryquickly,asKeishiOsakabeatTokushimaUniversityinJapanhasshown.HisteamusedtheCRISPRgene-editingtechnologytomakefruitsdevelopeventhoughnoseedshadbeguntoform.“Wehaven'ttastedthemyet,butintheorytheyshouldtastethesame，”saysOsakabe.Therehavebeenafeweffortstocreateseedlesstomatoesusingearliergeneticengineeringtechniques.ThesemethodstakelongertimecomparedwithCRISPR.Some“seedless”fruitsjusthaveverysmallseeds,andstillrequirepollination(授粉).Butcompletelyseedlessfruitsliketheeditedtomatoesdonotrequirepollinationatall.Suchplantscouldimprovefoodsecuritybyreducingourrelianceonsmallerbeepopulations,saysSaulCunninghamattheAustralianNationalUniversity.Manyfruitgrowersbuybeestopollinatetheircrops.Thereisadeficiencyforfarmers,however.Seedlessplantsusuallyhavetobegrownfromcuttings,whichinvolvesmorelaborthanplantingseeds.CRISPRcouldbeusedtodevelopothertypesoffruitthatdon'trequirepollinators,aswellasintroducebeneficialmutations(突變),saysOsakabe.Buttomakeitontothesupermarket,gene-editedplantsmayhavetomeetthesamestandardsasgeneticallyengineeredplants,whichwouldgreatlyincreasecosts.Somearguethatsincegeneeditingisusedtointroducemutationsalreadyfoundinsomeoftheplantsweeat,itshouldnotrequiresuchstrictregulations.1．Whathasbeentheproblemwithseedlesstomatoescreatedinthepast?A．Theirtastewasnotverygood.B．Theystillhadafewbigseeds.C．Theirgenescouldnotberecognized.D．Theytookquitealongtimetocreate.2．WhatdidKeishiOsakabe'steamdo?A．Theyeditedtomatoes'genes.B．Theychangedthetasteoftomatoes.C．Theymadeseedlessbananasandgrapes.D．Theycreatedgeneticallyengineeredtomatoes.3．WhyisCRISPRbetterthanpreviousmethods?A．Itwillstillrequirepollination.B．Itwillremainunaffectedwithoutbees.C．Itwillreducepeople'srelianceonfoodsecurity.D．Itwillmakemanygrowersbuybeesforpollination.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deficiency”inParagraph7probablymean?A．Danger.B．Disadvantage.C．Benefit.D．Solution.B[2024·山西省高三第一次測(cè)試]MorethanhalfofworkingAfricanshavejobsinagriculture,butinadequatetoolsandalackofinvestmenthaveleftthecontinent'smostlysmallfarmsstrugglingtofeedagrowingpopulation.Now,awaveoftechnologicalsolutionsisaimingtohelp.EstherUsman,fromKadunaState,NorthwestNigeria,hasbeengrowingcornsinceshewas17,whenshedroppedoutofschooltosupportherfamilyafterherfather'sdeath.Twodecadeson,shewasstruggling.Sheoftenlayawakeatnightworryingabouthowtofeedandeducateherchildren.Attimes,moneyransolowthatshewasforcedtosellhercropforabit.“Ifmyfarmwasaffectedbypests,Icouldonlyaffordtobuyasmallamountofpesticide,whichwasusuallynoteffective.Andcorninstorageisoftenlosttomoisture(潮氣)andpests,whichisabigproblem，”saysUsman,now38.In2024,UsmanjoinedBabbanGona,asocialenterprisethatactsasafarmers'partnerandoffersfarmerscredit,trainingandothersupport.Itwaslaunchedin2012with102farmers,andnowworkswith20,000.FieldofficersemployedbyBabbanGonaphotographitsfarmers'fields.Anappreviewsthephotos,evaluatingthegermination(發(fā)芽)rateandseeingifthesoilneedsnutrientsbasedonleafcolors.Thefieldofficersstepintowarnfarmersofanyproblemstheyfindandadviseonpossiblesolutions.Somefarmershaveincreasedtheiryields(產(chǎn)量)by50percent.Oncethecornisharvested,BabbanGonastoresitinsealedcontainersandaimstosellitattherighttimetomaximizethefarmers'profits.ThepaymentsUsmanreceivesfromBabbanGonaallowhertoinvestinacow,tobuynewclothesforherfamily,andtobuildahouse.5．WhatcanUsmanbedescribedinherearlylife?A．Activebutunskilled.B．Responsibleandwise.C．Hardworkingbutpenniless.D．Painedandunambitious.6．WhatwasthechallengeforUsmanafterharvestingcorn?A．Sellingit.B．Reservingit.C．Killingpestsonthefarm.D．Feedingandeducatingherchildren.7．HowdothefieldofficersworkinBabbanGona?A．Theyevaluatethephotosofcrops.B．Theylendmoneytoneedyfarmers.C．Theysendphotostakenbyfarmerstoanapp.D．Theyserveasabridgebetweenfarmersandit.8．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．TechnologyhelpsAfricanfarmerslivebetter.B．AcompanysupportsAfricanfarmers.C．FarminginAfricaisfacedwithadifficultsituation.D．Africanfarmersinventsmartfarming.Ⅱ.七選五[2024·武漢市中學(xué)畢業(yè)生供題]Ithadlongbeentroublingalittleboythathisdeskmatecouldrank1stintheclasseverytimewhilehefailedto:heonlyranked21st.Athome,heaskedhismom,“Mom,amImorestupidthanothers?IfeelIamashardworkingashim,buthowcomeIalwaysfallbehind？”__1__Inanothertest,theboyranked15th,andhisdeskmateremained1st.Backhome,heraisedthesamequestion.__2__However,wasthisanswerinherson'sbestinterest?Thankgoodnessshedidnotopenhermouth.Thereweretimesshewantedtotellhim,“YourfatherandIusedtobeoutstanding.Whyaren'tyoujustasclever？”Butshestoppedbecauseshefeltitwascrueltoblamehimandthatsheneededabetteranswer.__3__Toreducetheburdenonhersonwhowassufferingfromthepainsofunsatisfyinggradesandrankings,Momdecidedtotakehimtothesea.Duringthetrip,shemanagedtogiveoutananswer.Now,theboynolongerworriesabouthisrankings,because,withthe1stranking,heisadmittedtoatopuniversity.__4__Inthelecture,hementionedavaluableexperience,“WhenmymotherandIwerelyingonthebeach,shepointedtothefrontandsaid,‘Doyouseetheseabirdsoverthere?Whenthewavescomenear,littlebirdscanrisequicklywhileitwouldtakelongerforclumsyseagullstocompletetheprocess.However,haveyounoticedbirdsthatfinallyflyacrosstheendlessoceanarenoneotherthanclumsyseagulls？’__5__”Themovingspeechaffectedmanymotherspresentintotears,includinghismother.A．Feelingsadforherson'sfailure,Momscoldedhim.B．Momreallywantedtotellhersonthatintelligencediffers.C．Hearingthewords,shewentwordless,notknowinghowtoexplain.D．Youmightbeabitslower,butyouwillbetheonewhowillmakeit!E．Momwassoproudofherson'ssuccessthatsheoftentoldthattoothers.F．Backtohishighschool,hewasinvitedtogiveaspeechtothestudentsandparents.G．Timeflyingswiftly,despitegreatefforts,hewasstillunabletokeepupwithhisdeskmate.Ⅲ.語法填空[2024·武漢市中學(xué)畢業(yè)生供題]Hereiswhyyoushouldcareaboutastronomy.It'struethatitsadvancesbenefitmillionsofpeopleacrosstheworld.Ithasdevelopedtechnologynowtotrackwhereyourpackagegoes,todeterminewhereyouareandso1.________.Butallofthesearemeresecondthoughtsand2.________(benefit)thathaveoccurredwithouttheprimary3.________(intend)ofthemaker.Andthatis4.________makesastronomybeautiful.Tostudysomething—notbecausewe'relookingtogainanythinginparticular,butpurely5.________(enjoy)naturalwonders—6.________(be)allthatmakesushuman.Doingworkfortheworkitselfcreatesroomforjoy.I7.________(firm)believethatastronomyhasaspiritualdimensioninthesenseofhowitconnectsuswithsomethingbiggerthanourselves.Because8.________astronomywenowknowexactlywhentheuniverse9.________(come)intoexistence.Andwe'vespottedthousandsofplanetsorbitingotherstars.Ithasexplainedmysteries(神奇的事物)10.________(confuse)usforthousandsofyears,butevenmoresignificantly,ithasopenedupmoremysteriesthananyofuscanstudyinourlifetime.

限時(shí)提分練(十七)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與社會(huì)——科技與生活——運(yùn)用基因編輯技術(shù)研制無籽或無核水果。【語篇解讀】該文主要介紹了運(yùn)用基因編輯技術(shù)可以更快地研制出無籽或無核水果，但這種水果要想進(jìn)入超市，可能必需符合與轉(zhuǎn)基因水果相同的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。1．答案與解析：D考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)第三段中的“they'vetakenresearchersmanyyearstocreate”和第五段中的“ThesemethodstakelongertimecomparedwithCRISPR”可知，過去創(chuàng)建無籽西紅柿很耗時(shí)，故選D。2．答案與解析：A考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)第四段中的“HisteamusedtheCRISPRgene-editingtechnologyto...noseedshadbeguntoform”可知，KeishiOsakabe的團(tuán)隊(duì)編輯了西紅柿的基因，故A項(xiàng)正確。3．答案與解析：B考查推理推斷。依據(jù)第八段中的“CRISPRcouldbeusedtodevelopothertypesoffruitthatdon'trequirepollinators”可知，CRISPR可用于研制其他類型的不須要傳粉者的水果。由此可推知，CRISPR不會(huì)受到?jīng)]有蜜蜂的影響，故選B。4．答案與解析：B考查詞義揣測(cè)。依據(jù)第七段中的“Seedlessplantsusuallyhavetobegrownfromcuttings,whichinvolvesmorelaborthanplantingseeds”可知，種植無籽植物通常須要投入更多勞動(dòng)。由此可推知，這對(duì)農(nóng)夫來說并不是什么好事，故畫線詞的含義與B項(xiàng)詞義最接近。danger“危急”，disadvantage“劣勢(shì)”，benefit“好處”，solution“解決方法”。B語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與社會(huì)——社會(huì)進(jìn)步——科技改善非洲農(nóng)夫的生活狀況【語篇解讀】文章以EstherUsman為例介紹了非洲農(nóng)夫在科技的幫助下生活狀況得以改善的狀況。5．答案與解析：C考查推理推斷。依據(jù)其次段中的“EstherUsman,fromKadunaState,NorthwestNigeria,hasbeengrowingcornsinceshewas17,whenshedroppedoutofschooltosupportherfamilyafterherfather'sdeath.Twodecadeson,shewasstruggling.Sheoftenlayawakeatnightworryingabouthowtofeedandeducateherchildren”可推斷，Usman在早年間雖然努力工作但過著貧困的生活。6．答案與解析：B考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)第三段中的“Andcorninstorageisoftenlosttomoisture(潮氣)andpests,whichisabigproblem”可知，Usman說貯存中的玉米常常會(huì)因?yàn)槌睔夂秃οx而壞掉，因此對(duì)她來說收完玉米后的儲(chǔ)存是個(gè)問題，即儲(chǔ)存玉米是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。故答案為B。7．答案與解析：D考查推理推斷。依據(jù)第四段中對(duì)fieldofficers的工作內(nèi)容的介紹“FieldofficersemployedbyBabbanGonaphotographitsfarmers'fields...Thefieldofficersstepintowarnfarmersofanyproblemstheyfindandadviseonpossiblesolutions”可知，BabbanGona雇用的田地工作人員對(duì)農(nóng)夫的田地進(jìn)行拍照，一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序?qū)徍诉@些照片并評(píng)估這些照片中的農(nóng)作物，而后田地工作人員告知農(nóng)夫他們發(fā)覺的任何問題，并就可能的解決方案提出建議。由此可推知，田地工作人員充當(dāng)了農(nóng)夫和這個(gè)公司之間的橋梁。8．答案與解析：A考查主旨大意。本文以EstherUsman為例介紹了科技幫助非洲農(nóng)夫改善生活狀況，故答案為A。Ⅱ.七選五語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與自我——人物故事——母親的激勵(lì)【語篇解讀】一個(gè)男孩為成果不猶如桌而苦惱，問他的媽媽他是不是比別人笨。媽媽沒有正面回答男孩的問題而是帶他去了海邊，讓他留意笨拙的海鷗竟然是最終飛越大海的。后來，男孩以第一名的成果被一所好高校錄用。1．答案與解析：C依據(jù)空前的“‘Mom,amImorestupidthanothers?IfeelIamashardworkingashim,buthowcomeIalwaysfallbehind？’”可知，空處應(yīng)是表述媽媽聽到男孩的提問后的反應(yīng)，C項(xiàng)“聽了這些話，她說不出話來，不知道如何說明”符合語境，故C項(xiàng)正確。2．答案與解析：B依據(jù)空前的“thesamequestion”和空后一句“However，wasthisanswerinherson'sbestinterest？”可知，然而他的媽媽不知道這樣的回答是否對(duì)男孩有利。據(jù)此可知，空處應(yīng)是表述媽媽想要回答男孩的問題，故B項(xiàng)正確。3．答案與解析：G依據(jù)空后一句“Toreducetheburdenonhersonwhowassufferingfromthepainsofunsatisfyinggradesandrankings，Mom