專升本英語-狀語從句課件VIP

狀語從句定義狀語時(shí)用來修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副詞或句子的一種句子成分。它可以表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、比較、方式等。當(dāng)充當(dāng)狀語的部分是一個(gè)句子時(shí)，也就是狀語從句。狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句原因狀語從句目的狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句條件狀語從句比較狀語從句句方式狀語從句讓步狀語從時(shí)間狀語從句01時(shí)間狀語從句when的用法小結(jié)：1.when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以是可延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以是表短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞(非延續(xù)性)。意為：當(dāng)…的時(shí)候WhenIlivedthere,Iusedtogotothe時(shí)間狀語從句2.when可用作并列連詞，其意義為“那時(shí)，這時(shí)”，相當(dāng)于atthis/thattime。常用于下列句式：(剛要…這時(shí)突然…)sb.wasdoingsomethingwasabouttodosth+when…wasonthepointofdoingsth.hadjustdonesth時(shí)間狀語從句3.when還有一些較為靈活的翻譯：盡管；雖然；鑒于；如果；屆時(shí)Whydoyouwalkwhenyouhaveacar?Hewalkswhenhemighttakeataxi.MarywillvisitthiscityinJune,when時(shí)間狀語從句while用法小結(jié)：1.while引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作必須是持續(xù)性的或進(jìn)行中的，在……期間，往往指一段時(shí)間Whileweweretalking,hecamein.Pleasedon'ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.2.while作為并列連詞，意為“而，卻”，側(cè)重主句動(dòng)作和從句動(dòng)作相對(duì)比。Wearecleaningtheclassroomwhilethey時(shí)間狀語從句while的不同含義：WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrosswhile=anoldfriend.Helikeswhenpopmusic,whileIamfondwhileof=folkmusic.Whilewhile=Ireallydon'tlikeart,Ifindhisworkalthoughimpressive.while=aslongasbu時(shí)間狀語從句as用法：1.as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句,可以表達(dá)“正當(dāng)……”，“一邊……一邊……”，“隨著……”等意思。Asthesunrose,thefogdisappeared.2.as表示“隨著…”，常指一個(gè)行為是另一個(gè)行為的結(jié)果，或一種狀態(tài)隨另一種狀態(tài)變化。句中的動(dòng)詞多表示狀態(tài)的發(fā)展變化時(shí)間狀語從句when,while,as用法區(qū)別1.while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是可延續(xù)的，而when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞是可延續(xù)的，也可以是表短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞。When/Whilehewaseatinghisbreakfast,heheardthedoorbellring.WhenIstoppedmycar,amancameup時(shí)間狀語從句2.表示“隨著……”，連詞用as，不用when或while。Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.3.如果主句表示的是短暫動(dòng)作，而從句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作時(shí)，when,while與as可互時(shí)間狀語從句4.從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，只能用when引導(dǎo)這個(gè)從句，不可用as或while。Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.時(shí)間狀語從句before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，常譯為“在……之前”，表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之前。Wecleantheclassroombeforeweleaveschooleveryday.句型Itwillbe/was＋一段時(shí)間＋before…“還要過多久才……”句型Itwillbe/wasnot＋一段時(shí)間＋時(shí)間狀語從句since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，常譯為“自從……”，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句常用一般過去時(shí)。Wehaven'tseeneachothersinceweparted.常用句型：Itis/Ithasbeen+時(shí)間段+since從句“自從……有多長時(shí)間了”Itis/Ithasbeensixyearssinceshe時(shí)間狀語從句till,until和not…until…的用法1.until/till引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句用于肯定句時(shí)，主句的動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到until/till所表示的時(shí)間，意為“某動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到某時(shí)間點(diǎn)才停止”。Wewaitedtill/untilhecame.2.用于否定句時(shí)，主句謂語動(dòng)詞是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，從句為肯定，意為“某動(dòng)作直到某時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語從句3．till不可以置于句首，而until可以。UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.4．not…until句型中的強(qiáng)調(diào)和倒裝說法：強(qiáng)調(diào)句:ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.倒裝句(not…until…放句首時(shí)，主句要倒裝時(shí)間狀語從句名詞短語引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句：themoment,theminute,theinstant,thetime,thehour,theday,bythetime,eachtime,everytime,nexttime,anytime等也可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。Tomranawaythemomenthesawhis時(shí)間狀語從句nosooner…than…,hardly/scarcely/barely…when…引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，從句用一般過去時(shí)，主句用過去完成時(shí)。當(dāng)nosooner,hardly/scarcely/barely位于句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝。Ihadnosoonerreachedhomethanitbegantorain.時(shí)間狀語從句1.IwassofamiliarwithhimthatIDrecognizedhisvoice______Ipickedupthephone.A.whileB.afterD.theminuteC.incaseC2.Howlongdoyouthinkitwilltake_______ourproductbecomespopular時(shí)間狀語從句C3.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithD.WhileB.SinceDC.As4.Itwillbealongtimehiswork.Peter時(shí)間狀語從句C5.Wewerejustcallingyouupyoucamein.A.about;whenpointof;whileC.onthepointof;whenBthepointof;asB.ontheD.on地點(diǎn)狀語從句02地點(diǎn)狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句用連接副詞where，wherever(在任何地方)，everywhere（在每個(gè)地方）引導(dǎo)。Wemustcampwherewecangetwater.Youcansitwhereveryoulike.原因狀語從句03原因狀語從句原因狀語從句表示主句中的某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)所發(fā)生的原因。引導(dǎo)這種從句常用的連接詞是：because,as,since,nowthat,for,和consideringthat(顧及到),seeingthat(由于)原因狀語從句because,since,as,for的區(qū)別:1.because-直接原因，非推斷，語氣最強(qiáng)，回答why的問題?！猈hydidyougohomeearly?—BecauseIwastired.2.as和since–通常放句首，一般用來表示明顯的、已知的原因，譯為“因?yàn)椤?；既然?”。原因狀語從句because,since,as,for的區(qū)別:3.for–放句中，補(bǔ)充說明，常用于推斷。Idecidedtostopandhavelunch,forIwasfeelingquitehungry.原因狀語從句becau1.IdancedinfrontofthepeopleseAs/Si_________Ilikedit.nceAs/Si2.________hewasnotwell,Idecidedtoncegowithouthim.fo3.__________everybodyknowaboutit,Irdon'twantto目的狀語從句04目的狀語從句sothat既可以引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，又可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。①引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時(shí)，一般用于主句后，有時(shí)可分開，so有時(shí)可省略;從句中要有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞②引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時(shí)，句中無情態(tài)動(dòng)詞區(qū)分：Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.目的狀語從句inorderthat:用于正式文體中，從句可位于主句前或后。和inorderto的區(qū)別：inorderto后面接動(dòng)詞，是簡單句。inorderthat后面加的是狀語從句。Hecamebackearlyinorderthathecouldattendthemeeting.Inordertoensuresuccesswemusthaveacompleteplan.目的狀語從句B1.Ithinkthatyouhadbettergetupearlier_______youcangettoclassontime.A.inorderB.sothatC.suchthatAD.that2._____understandhowthehumanbodyworks,youneedtohavesomeknowledgeofchemistry.BA.InordertoorderthatB.SoastoC.InD.Sothat結(jié)果狀語從句05結(jié)果狀語從句1.so…that…(如此…以至于…)，so后面應(yīng)用形容詞或副詞,有時(shí)省略so只用thatMikeissohonestamanthatweallbelievehim.2.such…that…(如此…以至于…),用法與so…that相同，但such后面應(yīng)修飾名詞。P.169so,such結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)果狀語從句sothat（結(jié)果是，以致），引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時(shí)，句中無情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Hespokeclearly,sothateverybodyunderstoodhim.結(jié)果狀語從句1.Theteachertolduswealllaughed.A.sucha;thatB.Csuch,thatAfunnystoryC.soa,thatD.so,that2.OurPEteacherwalks____wecan'tcatchupwithhim.CA.soquickthatquicklythatB.tooC.soquicklythatD.too條件狀語從句06條件狀語從句條件狀語從句表示主句中的某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)是在什么情況或條件下發(fā)生的。條件狀語從句中通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。條件狀語從句由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)：if,unless(除非),as/solongas(只要),oncondition(只要),once(一旦),incase條件狀語從句Unless：如果不,除非=ifnotWecan'tgetthereontimeunlesswebooktheearliestflight.=Wecannotgetthereontimeifwedon'tbooktheearliestflight.條件狀語從句providedthat：如果，有時(shí)省略that1.Theplanewillbeingoodconditionprovided(that)itistakencareofcarefully.2.Youcanbecomeascientist條件狀語從句onconditionthat：條件是…1.Hesaidthathewouldcometothemeetingonconditionthatnooneaskedhimtospeak.2.Themotherpromisedtothesontobuyhimatoyairplaneonconditionthathepasses