廣東省陽(yáng)江市高新區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期2月月考英語(yǔ)試題【含答案解析】

2024-2025學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期高二2月測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題本試卷共8頁(yè)。考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。注意事項(xiàng):1.答題前,考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼填寫(xiě)清楚,將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書(shū)寫(xiě),字體工整、筆跡清楚。3.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答,超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效;在草稿紙、試卷上答題無(wú)效。4.作圖可先使用鉛筆畫(huà)出,確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。5.保持卡面清潔,不要折疊,不要弄破、弄皺,不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHereareagroupofeverydaypeoplewhosawproblems,andnowtheirsolutionsaremakingtheworldabetterplace.RonDavisAlvarezRonDavisAlvarez,aproductofVenezuela’sElSistema,aprogramofferingfreeclassicalmusictrainingtodisadvantagedchildren,foundedtheDreamOrchestrainSweden.Thisorchestrabringstogetherover400peoplefrommorethan25nationalities,rangingfrom3to56yearsold,includingimmigrants,refugees,second-generationimmigrants,andnativeSwedes.Alvarez’sinitiativeusesmusicasatoolforintegration,friendship,self-expression,andrebuildingself-esteemamongrefugees.PaytonMcGriffPaytonMcGriff,duringhersenioryearattheUniversityofIdaho,foundedStyleHerEmpowered(SHE)afterrealizingthescoringcostofschooluniformsformanygirlsinTogo.SHEbeganbyhiringlocalseamstressestomakeuniformsfor65girlsandevolvedtocreatea“growing”uniformthatadjuststofitagirlforuptothreeyears.Today,SHEsupports1,500girlsannuallywithfreeuniforms,schoolfees,supplies,tutoring,andmore,whilealsoprovidingemploymentandeducationopportunitiesforthewomeninvolved.RachelRutterImmigrationlawyerRachelRutterrecognizedthemultifacetedneedsofunaccompaniedmigrantchildren,beyondlegalstatus,includingstablehousing,meals,andmentalhealthsupport.Inresponse,sheestablishedProjectLibertad,whichoffersfreelegalrepresentation,essentialservices,andnewcomersupportprogramstoimmigrantyouth.YamiléeToussaintYamiléeToussaintcombinedherloveformathanddancetocreateSTEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics)FromDance,anonprofitthatintegratesdancewithSTEMeducationtoengagegirlsofcolor.Recognizingtheunderrepresentationofblackwomeninherengineeringfield,ToussaintaimedtoinspiregirlsofcolorinSTEM.TheprogramoperatesinnineUScities,offeringfreeschoolandsummerprogramsthatblenddanceroutineswithSTEMelements,benefitingover2,000girlstodate.1.WhomaybenefitmostfromDreamOrchestra?A.Famousmusicians.B.ImmigrantstoSweden.C.Disadvantagedchildren.D.Classicalmusiccomposers.2.WhatdidSHEinitiallydoinTogo?A.Itoffereduniformsforgirls.B.Itfundeduniformsandfees.C.Itdesignedteachingmethods.D.Itprovidedhousingandmeals.3.Whocombinesacademiclearningwiththearts?A.RonDavisAlvarez.B.PaytonMcGriff.C.RachelRutter.D.YamiléeToussaint.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四位普通人的創(chuàng)新努力及其對(duì)社會(huì)的積極影響。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)RonDavisAlvarez部分中“RonDavisAlvarez,aproductofVenezuela’sElSistema,aprogramofferingfreeclassicalmusictrainingtodisadvantagedchildren,foundedtheDreamOrchestrainSweden.Thisorchestrabringstogetherover400peoplefrommorethan25nationalities,rangingfrom3to56yearsold,includingimmigrants,refugees,second-generationimmigrants,andnativeSwedes.(RonDavisAlvarez是委內(nèi)瑞拉ElSistema項(xiàng)目的受益者，該項(xiàng)目為弱勢(shì)兒童提供免費(fèi)的古典音樂(lè)培訓(xùn)。他在瑞典創(chuàng)立了DreamOrchestra。這個(gè)樂(lè)團(tuán)匯集了來(lái)自25多個(gè)國(guó)家的400多人，年齡從3歲到56歲不等，包括移民、難民、第二代移民和瑞典本地人。)”可知，移民到瑞典的人可能從DreamOrchestra中受益。故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PaytonMcGriff部分中“PaytonMcGriff,duringhersenioryearattheUniversityofIdaho,foundedStyleHerEmpowered(SHE)afterrealizingthescoringcostofschooluniformsformanygirlsinTogo.SHEbeganbyhiringlocalseamstressestomakeuniformsfor65girlsandevolvedtocreatea“growing”uniformthatadjuststofitagirlforuptothreeyears.(PaytonMcGriff在愛(ài)達(dá)荷大學(xué)讀大四時(shí)，意識(shí)到多哥許多女孩承擔(dān)不起昂貴的校服費(fèi)用，于是創(chuàng)立了StyleHerEmpowered(簡(jiǎn)稱SHE)。SHE最初聘請(qǐng)當(dāng)?shù)夭每p為65名女孩制作校服，后來(lái)發(fā)展出一種“可調(diào)節(jié)”的校服，這種校服可以調(diào)整尺寸，適合女孩穿三年。)”可知，SHE在成立之初為多哥的女生制作校服。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)YamiléeToussaint部分中“YamiléeToussaintcombinedherloveformathanddancetocreateSTEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics)FromDance,anonprofitthatintegratesdancewithSTEMeducationtoengagegirlsofcolor.(YamiléeToussaint將她對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)和舞蹈的熱愛(ài)結(jié)合起來(lái)，創(chuàng)建了STEMFromDance非營(yíng)利組織，該組織將舞蹈與STEM教育相結(jié)合，吸引有色人種女孩參與。)”可知，YamiléeToussaint將學(xué)術(shù)學(xué)習(xí)與藝術(shù)融為一體。故選D。BWhenIboughtahouseinPortlandfouryearsago,Iimmediatelybegandesigningmydreamgarden,intendingtoremovetheweedsandplantsomevegetablesorlong-lastingflowers.Isoondiscovered,however,thatthesoilwasunproductive,clay-heavyandlitteredwithstones.Inprevious,muchtiniergardens,I’dfixitwithafewbagsofhigh-qualitysoilfromthenursery.Replacingthisvastlygreaterquantityofdirtwasneitherpracticalnorfinanciallypossible.Instead,Idecidedtoremediate(補(bǔ)救)whatIalreadyhad.Thechallengebeforemewastorevivethesoil.Twocoreprinciplesofmodernagriculturecanguidethisshift:minimizingsoildisturbanceandemphasizingbiodiversity.Inpractice,growingcropsbyturns;prioritizingorganicinputsoverchemicalfertilizers;integratingcrops,treesandlivestock;andshelteringsoilfrombeingwashedawaywithcovercrops,oftenwork.Itriedtoapplysuchmethodsinmygarden.Whereoncetherewasonlygrass,Imadeapond,arockgarden,awildflowerfieldandraisedbedsforvegetables.Iletplantsgrowanddecomposebythemselvesinanaturalway.Ialsointroduceddifferentplantsandreviveditsecologicalcommunities.InMay,Idecidedtorelocateafloweringplant.AsIdugtheplantout,allmanneroflifeemerged.Earthwormsswungfromtheroots.Adaddylonglegshurriedforshelter.BelowtheplantIevennoticedthefinewhitefungalmycelium(真菌菌絲).Runningmyfingersthroughthesoil,Iunderstood,moreclearlythaneverbefore,thatItransformedmuchmorethanmyyard-itcompletelychangedthewayIthinkaboutsoil.It’snotsimplyasamediumforlife,butasalivingentity(個(gè)體)initsownright.Althoughsciencestilllacksanagreeddefinitionoflife,textbookshighlightcriteriawidelyconsideredtodifferentiatethelivingandnonliving.Soilmeetsmanyofthem:Ithasahighlyorganizedstructure.Ithasacapacityforactiveself-preservation.Itgrows.Itbreathes.Anditcandie.4.Whatwasthesoilproblemintheauthor’sgarden?A.Wetandsalty. B.Poorandstony.C.Dryandsandy. D.Acidicandweedy.5.Whatwasthefocusoftheauthor’sgardeningmethods?A.Limitingplantvariety. B.Adoptingahigh-techapproach.C.Givingmoreintervention. D.Creatingasustainableenvironment.6.WhydoestheauthormentionthereplantinginMay?A.Tointroducedifferentspecies. B.Toprovethegardensheltersinsects.C.Toshowthesoilhascometolife. D.Toexplainthetransplantingprocess.7.Whatisconveyedinthelastparagraph?A.Soilhasasoul. B.Lifeiswelldefined.C.Lifehascomplexity. D.Soilisthesourceoflife.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者改造花園土壤的過(guò)程，通過(guò)可持續(xù)方法恢復(fù)土壤生機(jī)，并領(lǐng)悟到土壤如同有生命的存在。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Isoondiscovered,however,thatthesoilwasunproductive,clay-heavyandlitteredwithstones.(然而，我很快發(fā)現(xiàn)土壤貧瘠，粘土多，到處都是石頭。)”可知，作者花園里的土壤問(wèn)題是貧瘠且多石的。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Twocoreprinciplesofmodernagriculturecanguidethisshift:minimizingsoildisturbanceandemphasizingbiodiversity.(現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)兩個(gè)核心原則可以指導(dǎo)這一轉(zhuǎn)變：盡量減少對(duì)土壤的干擾并強(qiáng)調(diào)生物多樣性。)”以及后續(xù)描寫(xiě)作者嘗試應(yīng)用這些方法，包括讓植物自然生長(zhǎng)和分解，引入不同的植物和恢復(fù)其生態(tài)群落等，可推斷出作者園藝方法的重點(diǎn)是創(chuàng)造一個(gè)可持續(xù)的環(huán)境。故選D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“InMay,Idecidedtorelocateafloweringplant.AsIdugtheplantout,allmanneroflifeemerged.Earthwormsswungfromtheroots.Adaddylonglegshurriedforshelter.BelowtheplantIevennoticedthefinewhitefungalmycelium(真菌菌絲).(五月份，我決定移栽一株開(kāi)花的植物。當(dāng)我把這株植物挖出來(lái)時(shí)，各種各樣的生命出現(xiàn)了。蚯蚓從根部懸垂下來(lái)，一只長(zhǎng)腿蜘蛛急忙尋找遮蔽處。在植物下方，我還注意到了細(xì)小的白色真菌菌絲。)”以及最后一段中“Runningmyfingersthroughthesoil,Iunderstood,moreclearlythaneverbefore,thatItransformedmuchmorethanmyyard-itcompletelychangedthewayIthinkaboutsoil.(我用手指劃過(guò)土壤，比以往任何時(shí)候都更清楚地意識(shí)到，我改變的不僅僅是我的院子——它完全改變了我對(duì)土壤的看法。)”可推知，作者提到五月的重新種植是為了展示土壤已經(jīng)恢復(fù)了活力。故選C。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中“It’snotsimplyasamediumforlife,butasalivingentity(個(gè)體)initsownright.Althoughsciencestilllacksanagreeddefinitionoflife,textbookshighlightcriteriawidelyconsideredtodifferentiatethelivingandnonliving.Soilmeetsmanyofthem:Ithasahighlyorganizedstructure.Ithasacapacityforactiveself-preservation.Itgrows.Itbreathes.Anditcandie.(它不僅僅是一種承載生命的介質(zhì)，而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的生命體。盡管科學(xué)界對(duì)生命的定義尚未達(dá)成一致，但教科書(shū)強(qiáng)調(diào)了一些廣泛用于區(qū)分生物與非生物的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。土壤符合其中的許多標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：它具有高度有序的結(jié)構(gòu)，具備積極自我保護(hù)的能力，能夠生長(zhǎng)，能夠呼吸，并且也可能會(huì)死亡。)”可知，最后一段傳達(dá)的是“土壤有靈魂”的意思。故選A。CInearlyAugust,thesandyhillsalongthecoastofLaLibertad,innorthernPeru,arealivewithbluish-purplefruit.Theregion,thoughtunsuitableforblueberriesjustoveradecadeago,isnowplacingPeruattheforefrontoftheglobalblueberrymarket.AlvaroEspinoza,anagriculturalengineer,wasamongthefirsttoexperimentwithblueberriesinPeru15yearsago,whenthefruitwasunknowninthecountry.“Peoplecalledmecrazy,”herecalls.Sincethen,Peru’sblueberryindustryhasbeengrowingrapidly,fromplantingonlyafewhundredacresofblueberriesin2012totheworld’stopexporteroffreshblueberriesforthelastfiveyears.InspiredbythesuccessoftheirChileanneighborsPeruvianentrepreneursbeganexploringalocalblueberrymarketintheearly2000s.However,conventionalwisdomheldthatblueberriesneededtemperaturesbelow45℉tothrive,whichthePeruviancoastlacks.PeruvianentrepreneurCarlosGereda,apioneerintheindustry,begantravelingtoChilein2006tolearnaboutblueberries.Ononeofhistrips,hebroughtback14varietiestotestinPeru’sdesert.Ittookhimtwoyearstofindtherightone,namedBiloxi.Withthisvarietyidentified,heinvested$300tostartacompanythatbecameaPeruvianblueberryleader,helpingPeru’sblueberryindustryexpandtoover49,000acres.Today,Peruexportsovertwiceasmanyblueberriesasitsnearestcompetitors,withoverhalfheadingtotheUS,wherethecountrysupplies40%offreshimports.Butlastyear,thisboomfaceditsfirstsetback.AmajorheatwavedrivenbyanElNinoeventhitnorthernPeru,severelydamagingblueberrycropsandcausinga25%dropinproduction.Thisexperiencehasacceleratedeffortstodevelopnew,geneticallyimprovedblueberryvarietiesthatcanthriveinevenhotterclimates.Tocreatetheserobustvarieties,scientistsdevelopnewseedsandevaluatethemoveryearstoselectthebestindividuals.Theyaimtocreatebeat-tolerantplantsandproduce“jumbo”berries-oneinchorlarger-tomeetglobaldemand.8.Whydidpeopleinitiallythinkblueberriescouldn’trowinPeru?A.Thesoilwastoosaltyforblueberries.B.Theclimatewasthoughttobeunsuitable.C.Perulackedtherightequipmentforfarming.D.Blueberrieswereunknowntopeopleinthecountry.9.HowdidCarlosGerdacontributetoPeru’sblueberryindustry?A.HepromotedPera’sblueberriesinglobalmarkets.B.HefoundasuitableblueberryvarietyforPeruvianclimate.C.HecarriedoutresearchesintoblueberryfarmingintheUS.D.Hecreatedheat-tolerantplantsandproduced“jumbo”berries.10.WhatmajorchallengedidPeru’sblueberryindustryfacelastyear?A.Ashortageofnewblueberryvarieties.B.Anewcompetitorenteringthemarket.C.Unusuallyhottemperaturereducingtheblueberryoutput.D.Asignificantdecreaseinglobaldemandforfreshblueberries.11.Whatdoestheundealinedword“robust”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Fast-growing B.Good-quality.C.Highindemand. D.Strongandadaptable.【答案】8.B9.B10.C11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。秘魯藍(lán)莓產(chǎn)業(yè)快速增長(zhǎng)，成為全球最大出口國(guó)，盡管面臨氣候變化帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)，科學(xué)家們正在開(kāi)發(fā)耐熱的藍(lán)莓新品種以應(yīng)對(duì)未來(lái)的氣候變化?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“However,conventionalwisdomheldthatblueberriesneededtemperaturesbelow45℉tothrive,whichthePeruviancoastlacks.(然而，傳統(tǒng)觀念認(rèn)為，藍(lán)莓需要在45華氏度以下的溫度中才能茁壯成長(zhǎng)，而秘魯海岸并不具備這樣的條件。)”可知，人們最初認(rèn)為藍(lán)莓不能在秘魯生長(zhǎng)是因?yàn)槿藗冋J(rèn)為氣候不適宜。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“PeruvianentrepreneurCarlosGereda,apioneerintheindustry,begantravelingtoChilein2006tolearnaboutblueberries.Ononeofhistrips,hebroughtback14varietiestotestinPeru’sdesert.Ittookhimtwoyearstofindtherightone,namedBiloxi.(秘魯企業(yè)家CarlosGereda是該行業(yè)的先驅(qū)，從2006年開(kāi)始前往智利學(xué)習(xí)藍(lán)莓種植技術(shù)。在一次旅行中，他帶回了14個(gè)品種，在秘魯?shù)纳衬羞M(jìn)行測(cè)試。他花了兩年時(shí)間才找到了合適的品種，即名為Biloxi的藍(lán)莓。)”可知，CarlosGereda找到了適合秘魯氣候的藍(lán)莓品種，為秘魯藍(lán)莓產(chǎn)業(yè)做出貢獻(xiàn)。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Butlastyear,thisboomfaceditsfirstsetback.AmajorheatwavedrivenbyanElNinoeventhitnorthernPeru,severelydamagingblueberrycropsandcausinga25%dropinproduction.(然而，去年，這一繁榮景象遭遇了首次挫折。一場(chǎng)由厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象引發(fā)的熱浪襲擊了秘魯北部，嚴(yán)重?fù)p害了藍(lán)莓作物，導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)量下降了25%。)”可知，去年異常高溫導(dǎo)致藍(lán)莓產(chǎn)量下降。故選C。【11題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Tocreatetheserobustvarieties,scientistsdevelopnewseedsandevaluatethemoveryearstoselectthebestindividuals.Theyaimtocreatebeat-tolerantplantsandproduce“jumbo”berries-oneinchorlarger-tomeetglobaldemand.(為了創(chuàng)造這些robust品種，科學(xué)家們開(kāi)發(fā)了新的種子，并經(jīng)過(guò)數(shù)年的評(píng)估，以選擇出最優(yōu)秀的個(gè)體。他們的目標(biāo)是培育出耐熱植物，并產(chǎn)出“巨型”藍(lán)莓——直徑達(dá)到或超過(guò)一英寸，以滿足全球市場(chǎng)的需求。)”可知，這里指的是能夠在極端氣候條件下生長(zhǎng)并且恢復(fù)的能力，即強(qiáng)大且具有適應(yīng)性的植物。因此，robust意思是“健壯的，適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)的”，與選項(xiàng)D“strongandadaptable(強(qiáng)壯且適應(yīng)性強(qiáng))”意思相符。故選D。DAccordingtonewresearch,babiesrecognizepretenceandaroundhalfofchildrencanpretendbythemselvesby12months.Thestudy,ledbytheUniversityofBristol,showsforthefirsttimehowchildren’sawarenessandgraspofpretenceinitsvariousformsdevelopsfrombirthtothreeyearsold.Theleadauthorsaid,“Ourfindingshighlighthowpretendingisacomplex,evolving(進(jìn)化的)processwhichbeginsveryearlyoninlife,helpingtheircognitive(認(rèn)知的)andsocialskillstoadvance.Pretenceisakeypartofchildren’slearning,creativity,makingfriends,andunderstandingofotherpeople.Thisstudymapsitsmanydifferentstagesandtypes.”Thefindingsarebasedonresultsfromasurveyof900parentsofchildrenagedfrombirthuptothreeyearsoldfromtheUK,theUS,Australia,andCanada.Theearliestreportedagewhenchildrenunderstandpretencewasfourmonthsandbytheageof13months,aroundhalfwerereportedtodiscernpretencebyothers.Aroundhalfof12-month-oldswerereportedtobepretendingregularlythemselves.Researchersidentified18differenttypesofpretencewhichemergeandprogressintheearlyyears.One-year-olds’pretencewasshowntoinitiallyinvolvetheirbodies,forexample,pretendingtosleep.Theymayalsogestureobjectsandactions,suchasbrushingtheirteethwithafingerorpretendingwithobjectsfortheirintendedpurposelikedrinkingoutofanemptycup.Theresearchershopetheirresearchwillhelpparentsandpreschoolteachersunderstandandidentifywhichtypesofpretenceareappropriatetotrywithchildrenatcertainages,supportingtheirlearning,creativity,andfriendships.Theleadauthorsaid,“Withfurtherresearch,thefindingshavethepotentialtobeusedasadiagnostictoolfordevelopmentaldifferencesinearlyyears.Thiscouldultimatelyhelpparents,preschooleducators,andmedicalprofessionalsbetterunderstandhowtoplaywithchildrenatdifferentstagesofdevelopment.”12.Howcanpretenceimpactbabies?A.Byenhancingtheirphysicalstrength.B.Byboostingtheircognitivedevelopment.C.Bymakingthemmoreresistanttoillness.D.Byteachingthemtoreadandwriteearlier.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discern”inparagraph3mean?A.Recognize. B.Force. C.Interrupt. D.Criticise.14.Whatmightthefindingsbring?A.Newlearningskillsinscience.B.Changesinsecondaryeducation.C.Betterplaymethodsforprimarystudents.D.Waystoassessdevelopmentaldifferences.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowBabiesLearntoPretendB.TheProcessofPretenceinChildrenC.NewInsightsintoEarlyChildhoodPretenceD.TheRoleofPretenceinHumanDevelopment【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于兒童早期識(shí)別假裝行為的研究，包括研究過(guò)程、研究發(fā)現(xiàn)及研究意義等。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的“Theleadauthorsaid,“Ourfindingshighlighthowpretendingisacomplex,evolving(進(jìn)化的)processwhichbeginsveryearlyoninlife,helpingtheircognitive(認(rèn)知的)andsocialskillstoadvance.(主要作者說(shuō)：“我們的發(fā)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)調(diào)了假裝是一個(gè)復(fù)雜、進(jìn)化的過(guò)程，它始于生命早期，有助于他們的認(rèn)知和社會(huì)技能的進(jìn)步?！?”可知，假裝可以促進(jìn)嬰兒的認(rèn)知發(fā)展。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Theearliestreportedagewhenchildrenunderstandpretencewasfourmonthsandbytheageof13months,aroundhalfwerereported(據(jù)報(bào)道，孩子理解假裝的最早年齡是四個(gè)月，到13個(gè)月大的時(shí)候，有一半的孩子被報(bào)道……)”可知，劃線詞前文提到孩子理解假裝的最早年齡是四個(gè)月，由此可推知，劃線詞與A項(xiàng)“Recognize(識(shí)別)意思相近，孩子理解假裝的最早年齡是四個(gè)月，到13個(gè)月大的時(shí)候大半的孩子能識(shí)別假裝。故選A。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的“Theleadauthorsaid,“Withfurtherresearch,thefindingshavethepotentialtobeusedasadiagnostictoolfordevelopmentaldifferencesinearlyyears.Thiscouldultimatelyhelpparents,preschooleducators,andmedicalprofessionalsbetterunderstandhowtoplaywithchildrenatdifferentstagesofdevelopment.”(主要作者說(shuō)道：“通過(guò)進(jìn)一步的研究，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)有可能被用作診斷早期發(fā)育差異的工具。這最終可以幫助父母、學(xué)前教育工作者和醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)人士更好地了解如何與不同發(fā)展階段的孩子玩耍?！?”可推知，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可以被用作嬰幼兒早期發(fā)育差異的診斷方法。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Accordingtonewresearch,babiesrecognizepretenceandaroundhalfofchildrencanpretendbythemselvesby12months.(根據(jù)一項(xiàng)新的研究，嬰兒在12個(gè)月大的時(shí)候就能識(shí)別出假裝，大約一半的孩子能自己假裝。)”可知，文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于兒童早期識(shí)別假裝行為的研究，包括研究過(guò)程、研究發(fā)現(xiàn)及研究意義等，故C項(xiàng)“對(duì)兒童早期假裝的新見(jiàn)解”符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Musicisahugepartofourlives.____16____Butdowerealizejusthowmuchofaninfluenceitreallyhasonus?●____17____There’snothingquitelikeasongtocapturewhatwasgoingonculturallyatthattime.Theslangandlanguageusagearesoindicativeofthetimes,andyoucanprobablyrecallwhenasongwasmadebasedonwhatismentioned.●Itteachesusaboutlanguage.Mostparentssingtotheirchildfromanearlyage,assingingissuchanimportantpartoflearningalanguage.Ifyoutakeanotherlanguage,chancesareyoulearnkeywordsandphrasesthroughsongs.____18____Forexample,ifyouwereaskedtomemorizesentencesinSpanishyou’dprobablyhaveahardtime,butyoucansingoutafewlinesoftheMacarena.●It’showwecelebrate.Prettymucheverymomentwecelebrateinourlivesistiedtomusic—blowingoutourbirthdaycandles,scoringagoal,etc.____19____Holidaysaroundtheworldhavedistinctmusicthataccompaniesthem.Apartywithoutmusicjustisn’tapartyatall.●It’spartofourroutine.Musicjustbecomessointertwinedwithourlives.Whilewe’recooking,cleaning,orjustwalkingaroundthegrocerystore,it’salwaysthere.It’swhatwedowhenwe’rehappyorsad,andit’sbecomeourself-care.____20____Musichasbecomeourfavouritepastime,distraction,hobbyandartform.It’sSOnecessaryforshapingusandwewouldn’thaveitanyotherway.A.Itislikeatimecapsule.B.Musichelpsusfindouridentity.C.Withoutitwe’dprobablybelost.DItprovidesanformofrepetitioncontributingtomemory.E.Itisauniqueandbeautifulexperiencethatonlymusiccanprovide.F.Weevengetdowntomusicinourheadswhenwedoahappydance.G.It’sourtimetobealoneanddrownoutthestressandtheworldaroundus.【答案】16.C17.A18.D19.F20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了音樂(lè)的重要性以及音樂(lè)對(duì)生活的影響?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Musicisahugepartofourlives.(音樂(lè)是我們生活的重要組成部分)”以及后文“Butdowerealizejusthowmuchofaninfluenceitreallyhasonus?(但我們是否意識(shí)到它對(duì)我們的影響到底有多大？)”可知，本句承接上文，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明音樂(lè)為什么是生活的重要組成部分。故C選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有它，我們可能會(huì)迷失”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。【17題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“There’snothingquitelikeasongtocapturewhatwasgoingonculturallyatthattime.Theslangandlanguageusagearesoindicativeofthetimes,andyoucanprobablyrecallwhenasongwasmadebasedonwhatismentioned.(沒(méi)有什么比一首歌更能捕捉當(dāng)時(shí)的文化。俚語(yǔ)和語(yǔ)言用法是如此的具有時(shí)代特征，你可能還記得什么時(shí)候根據(jù)提到的內(nèi)容制作了一首歌)”可知，本段說(shuō)明了歌曲可以捕捉當(dāng)時(shí)的文化，并且具有時(shí)代特征，說(shuō)明音樂(lè)具有時(shí)間特性，可以體現(xiàn)歌曲流行時(shí)的時(shí)代文化。故A選項(xiàng)“它就像一個(gè)時(shí)間膠囊”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Mostparentssingtotheirchildfromanearlyage,assingingissuchanimportantpartoflearningalanguage.Ifyoutakeanotherlanguage,chancesareyoulearnkeywordsandphrasesthroughsongs.(大多數(shù)父母從小就給孩子唱歌，因?yàn)槌枋菍W(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的重要組成部分。如果你學(xué)習(xí)另一門(mén)語(yǔ)言，你很有可能通過(guò)歌曲來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)鍵詞和短語(yǔ))”以及后文“Forexample,ifyouwereaskedtomemorizesentencesinSpanishyou’dprobablyhaveahardtime,butyoucansingoutafewlinesoftheMacarena.(例如，如果你被要求用西班牙語(yǔ)記住句子，你可能會(huì)有困難，但你可以唱出馬卡雷納的幾句歌詞)”可知，后文提到可以通過(guò)歌曲來(lái)記憶西班牙語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明音樂(lè)對(duì)記憶有幫助。故D選項(xiàng)“它提供了一種有助于記憶的重復(fù)形式”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Prettymucheverymomentwecelebrateinourlivesistiedtomusic—blowingoutourbirthdaycandles,scoringagoal,etc.(在我們的生活中，幾乎每一個(gè)慶祝的時(shí)刻都與音樂(lè)有關(guān)——吹滅生日蠟燭，進(jìn)球等等)”以及后文“Holidaysaroundtheworldhavedistinctmusicthataccompaniesthem.Apartywithoutmusicjustisn’tapartyatall.(世界各地的節(jié)日都有不同的音樂(lè)伴奏。沒(méi)有音樂(lè)的派對(duì)根本就不是派對(duì))”可知，本句主要說(shuō)明音樂(lè)在慶祝活動(dòng)時(shí)帶給人們的影響。故F選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)我們跳一支快樂(lè)的舞時(shí)，我們甚至?xí)魳?lè)在腦子里跳”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Musicjustbecomessointertwinedwithourlives.Whilewe’recooking,cleaning,orjustwalkingaroundthegrocerystore,it’salwaysthere.It’swhatwedowhenwe’rehappyorsad,andit’sbecomeourself-care.(音樂(lè)與我們的生活交織在一起。當(dāng)我們做飯、打掃衛(wèi)生，或者只是在雜貨店里走動(dòng)時(shí)，它總是在那里。當(dāng)我們高興或悲傷時(shí)，我們就會(huì)這樣做，這已經(jīng)成為我們的自我照顧)”可知，上文主要說(shuō)明了音樂(lè)融入了我們的日常生活，本句為本段最后一句，繼續(xù)說(shuō)明音樂(lè)可以給我們自身所帶來(lái)的好處。故G選項(xiàng)“這是我們獨(dú)處的時(shí)間，淹沒(méi)我們周圍的壓力和世界”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Momgavemeanabundanceoflove.Herfirstlovelanguagewas____21____.Smellsofsoupsoftenfilledthehouse.Thecookiejarwasalways____22____freshly-madecookies!Butafewtimesayear,likemybirthdayortheSpringFestival,we’dhavea____23____treat-homemadefudge(乳汁軟糖).Momwouldgotothestoreto____24____alltheingredients(原料).AndthensheshutherselfinthekitchenandI,inmyroom,waited____25____.Finally,I’dhearher____26____,“Diana,it’stime!”I’dflyoutto____27____.She’dmixeverythingtogetherandhandmethewoodenspoontostir.Thatwasmy____28____.Iwastheprofessionalstirrer.Itwastiringbutsomebodyhadtodoit.Thiswasnotthe____29____softfudge.Itwasnotcreamysoft.Itwashard.Softenoughtobiteintobuthardenoughthatit____30____anyonewhotrieditforthefirsttime.“Thisisfudge?”theywouldask.Mymom____31____rightbeforemythirty-firstbirthday.Icriedmyeyesout.ThatfirstSpringFestival,myaunt____32____,“Willyoumakemesomefudgeforthenewyear?”MythroattightenedwithtearsbutImanageda(n)____33____“yes”.WhenIhungupthatday,Idecided,monthsaftermymomleftus,to____34____thefamilytraditionofmakingfudge.It’snotjustaboutfudge.It’saboutamother’sloveand____35____.21.A.gifts B.food C.company D.support22.A.packedwith B.designedfor C.emptyof D.freefrom23.A.special B.luxurious C.costly D.refreshing24.A.enquire B.list C.purchase D.prepare25.A.gratefully B.nervously C.politely D.eagerly26.A.answer B.comment C.shout D.whisper27.A.help B.chat C.learn D.reply28.A.plan B.ambition C.choice D.job29.A.well-prepared B.average C.unique D.good-looking30.A.convinced B.confused C.interested D.pleased31.A.setoff B.settleddown C.passedaway D.steppedback32.A.called B.shouted C.texted D.added33.A.unwilling B.hesitant C.surprised D.choked34.A.continue B.simplify C.improve D.quit35.A.forgiveness B.sympathy C.tolerance D.connection【答案】21.B22.A23.A24.C25.D26.C27.A28.D29.B30.B31.C32.A33.D34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和媽媽一起制作一種自制軟糖，母親去世后，作者決定繼續(xù)這一傳統(tǒng)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的第一個(gè)愛(ài)的語(yǔ)言是食物。A.gifts禮物；B.food食物；C.company陪伴；D.support支持。根據(jù)后文“Smellsofsoupsoftenfilledthehouse.(湯的味道常常彌漫在屋子里。)”可知，母親的愛(ài)的語(yǔ)言是食物。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：餅干罐里總是裝滿了新鮮出爐的餅干！A.packedwith塞進(jìn)；B.designedfor為……而設(shè)計(jì)；C.emptyof完全沒(méi)有；D.freefrom免于。根據(jù)上文“Thecookiejarwasalways”指餅干罐里塞滿了餅干。故選A。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是每年有幾次，比如我的生日或春節(jié)，我們會(huì)吃一種特殊的甜食——自制軟糖。A.special特別的；B.luxurious奢侈的；C.costly昂貴的；D.refreshing使人精神振作的。根據(jù)后文“treat-homemadefudge”可知，他們吃特制的甜食，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：媽媽會(huì)去商店買(mǎi)所有的食材。A.enquire詢問(wèn)；B.list清單；C.purchase購(gòu)買(mǎi)；D.prepare準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)上文“Momwouldgotothestoreto”可知，去商店是為了購(gòu)買(mǎi)食材。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然后她把自己關(guān)在廚房里，我在房間里急切地等著。A.gratefully感激地；B.nervously緊張地；C.politely禮貌地；D.eagerly渴望地。根據(jù)后文“I’dflyout”可知，作者在房間里急切地等著。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，我聽(tīng)到她大喊：“戴安娜，時(shí)間到了！”A.answer回答；B.comment評(píng)論；C.shout叫喊；D.whisper低語(yǔ)。根據(jù)后文“Diana,it’stime!”指媽媽大喊，作者去幫忙。故選C。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我會(huì)飛過(guò)去幫忙。A.help幫助；B.chat聊天；C.learn學(xué)習(xí)；D.reply回答。根據(jù)后文“She’dmixeverythingtogetherandhandmethewoodenspoontostir.(她會(huì)把所有的東西混合在一起，然后把木勺遞給我攪拌。)”可知，指作者要去幫忙。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那是我的工作。A.plan計(jì)劃；B.ambition抱負(fù)；C.choice選擇；D.job工作。根據(jù)后文“Iwastheprofessionalstirrer.Itwastiringbutsomebodyhadtodoit.(我是專業(yè)的攪拌器。這很累，但總得有人去做。)”可知，攪拌就是作者的工作。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這可不是一般的軟糖。A.well-prepared準(zhǔn)備好的；B.average一般的，平均的；C.unique獨(dú)特的；D.good-looking好看的。根據(jù)后文“Itwasnotcreamysoft.Itwashard.(它不是奶油般柔軟的。它很硬。)”可知，不是一般的軟糖，是硬的。故選B。【30題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：軟到可以咬，但又硬到讓第一次嘗試的人感到困惑。A.convinced信服的；B.confused困惑的；C.interested感興趣的；D.pleased高興的。根據(jù)上文“Softenoughtobiteintobuthardenoughthatit”以及后文““Thisisfudge?”theywouldask.(他們會(huì)問(wèn)“這是軟糖？”)”可知，軟糖是硬的，讓第一次嘗試的人感到困惑。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我媽媽在我31歲生日之前去世了。A.setoff出發(fā)；B.settleddown定居；C.passedaway去世；D.steppedback退后。根據(jù)后文“Icriedmyeyesout.(我痛哭流涕。)”以及后文“Mythroattightenedwithtears。”推測(cè)母親去世了，故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第一個(gè)春節(jié)，我阿姨打電話說(shuō)：“新年你能給我做些軟糖嗎？”A.called打電話；B.shouted叫喊；C.texted發(fā)短信；D.added增加。根據(jù)后文“WhenIhungupthatday”可知，阿姨打來(lái)了電話，想要軟糖。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的喉嚨因淚水而緊繃，但我還是勉強(qiáng)說(shuō)了一個(gè)哽咽的“可以”。A.unwilling不愿意的；B.hesitant猶豫的；C.surprised驚訝的；D.choked哽咽的。根據(jù)上文“Mythroattightenedwithtears”可知，作者哽咽地說(shuō)可以。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那天掛電話時(shí)，我決定，在媽媽離開(kāi)我們幾個(gè)月后，繼續(xù)做軟糖的家庭傳統(tǒng)。A.continue繼續(xù)；B.simplify簡(jiǎn)化；C.improve改善；D.quit停止。根據(jù)后文“thefamilytraditionofmakingfudge”指作者決定繼續(xù)做軟糖這一家庭傳統(tǒng)。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是關(guān)于母親的愛(ài)和聯(lián)系。A.forgiveness原諒；B.sympathy同情；C.tolerance忍受；D.connection聯(lián)系。根據(jù)上文“It’saboutamother’sloveand”可知，軟糖關(guān)于母親的愛(ài)和聯(lián)系。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Amuseumcollectingandexhibitingancientobjects____36____(represent)oneofthegreatestarchaeological(考古的)discoveriesoverthepastdecadesinChinaopenedintheShanxicountyofXiangfen.TheTaosiSiteMuseumwasbuiltneartheTaosirelics(遺跡)site,whichwasincluded____37____thenationalresearchprojectontrackingdowntheoriginsofChinesecivilizationin2002.Judgingfromtherelics____38____(discover),researchersbelievethesitewasmostlikelytheruinsofthecapitalcityduringtheperiodofYao,anemperor____39____oneofthefoundingfathersoftheChinesenation.Overthepastdecades,morethan5,500piecesorsetsofrelics____40____(find)attheTaosisite,givingresearchersadequatematerialevidencetounderstandhowtheearliestChinesesocietyandnationwereformed.Among