2022年湖北省部分學校高二下學期期末考試 英語 （不含聽力音頻）

2022學年湖北省部分學校高二下學期新高考摸底考試英語考生注意:1.本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分,考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前,考生務必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項目填寫清楚。3.考生作答時,請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑;非選擇題請用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答,超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效,在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。4.本卷命題范圍:高考范圍。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.HowdoesthewomanusuallytalktoTara?A.Bymakingaphonecall. B.Bysendingatextmessage. C.Bychattingonline.2.Whichboxistooheavyfortheman?A.Thesmallone. B.Thetallone. C.Thewideone.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Adrama. B.Theirhomework. C.Ashortstory.4.Whatdidthewomandothismorning?A.Shemadesomebread. B.Shegaveapresentation.C.Sheboughtsomesandwiches.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheporksausages?A.Smelly. B.Delicious. C.Salty.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.HowoldwasthewomanlasttimesheplayedtheSunshineBallgame?A.6. B.10. C.21.7.Whichballwasonepoint?A.Theredball. B.Thegreenball. C.Theblueball.Ihavechanged聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.WhoisRonaldFields?A.Thewoman’sboss. B.Thewoman’sbrother. C.Thewoman’sneighbor.9.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atapostoffice. B.Ataphotoshop. C.Atthewoman’shouse.10.Whatdoesthemanneedasproof?A.Areceipt. B.Aphotograph. C.Adeliveryslip.聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.Arestaurant. B.Ahotel. C.Agym.12.Howmuchwillthemanprobablypaypermonthatthenewplace?A.￡30. B.￡25. C.￡22.50.13.Whoiscomingforávisitinafewmonths?A.Theman'ssister. B.Thewoman'smother. C.Thewoman'sfather.聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。14.Whatdoesthemanwanttostudy?A.Astronomy. B.Engineering. C.Chemistry.15.Whatdoesthemanwanttosavemankindfrom?A.Thefallingstars. B.Theheavypollution. C.Climatechange.16.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheman?A.Heisaschoolboy.B.Heisnottalkingseriously.C.HedislikesBarney.17.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。18.Wherehasthewomanleaderbeenworking?A.InEngland. B.InWales. C.InScotland.19.Whohadtoquitshortlyafterthe2014independencevote?A.AlexSalmond. B.PeterMurrell. C.NicolaSturgeon.20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Deliveringanelectionspeech.B.Hostinganawardceremony.C.Reportingapoliticalgathering.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheIvyLeagueschoolsaresomeofthemostselectivecollegesintheUnitedStates.Theiracceptanceratesareextremelylow.Ifyou'replanningtoapplytoanyoftheIvyLeagueschools,berealisticaboutyourchancesofbeingadmitted.CornellUniversityCornellhasoneofthetopengineeringschoolsandtophotelmanagementprogramsinthecountry.CornellUniversityadmissionsmayappearslightlylessselectivethantheotherIvyLeagueschools,butdon'tbefooled.You'restillgoingtoneedanexceptionalacademicrecord,highstandardizedtestscores,andimpressiveextracurricularactivitiestobeadmitted.FastFactsPlaceNewYorkCity,NewYorkNumberofstudents23,600Acceptancerate11%UniversityofPennsylvaniaItisoneofthelargestIvyLeagueschools.ItscampusinWestPhiladelphiaisjustashortwalktoCenterCity.TheWhartonSchoolisoneofthetopbusinessschoolsinthecountry,andtheuniversityisalsohometooneofthenation'stopmedicalschools.FastFactsPlacePhiladelphia,PennsylvaniaNumberofstudents25,860Acceptancerate8%YaleUniversityYale'sstrengthsaremany,anditishometotopschoolsinart,medicine,businessandlaw.Yale'ssystemofcollegesismodeledafterOxfordandCambridge.FastFactsPlaceNewHaven,ConnecticutNumberofstudents13,433Acceptancerate6%HarvardUniversityThesecondmostselectiveandarguablythemostfamousuniversityinthecountry,HarvardUniversityhasbeenaroundforlongerthantheUnitedStateshasbeenacountry.Sinceitsfoundingin1636,theschoolhasgrownintoaworldcenterforresearchsupportedbya$40billionannualdonation.HarvardUniversityishometonumeroushighlyrankedgraduateschoolsinareassuchasmedicine,government,engineering,business,dentistryandreligion.FastFactsPlaceCambridge,MassachusettsNumberofstudents31,566Acceptancerate5%21.WhatisCornellUniversitybestknownfor?A.Itsacceptancerate.B.Itshotelmanagementprogram.C.Itslongesthistory.D.ItsOxford-likesystemofcolleges.22.WhereisYaleUniversity?A.InNewHaven,Connecticut.B.InCambridge,Massachusetts.C.InPhiladelphia,Pennsylvania.D.InNewYorkCity,NewYork.23.Whichuniversityhasthelargestnumberofstudents?A.YaleUniversity.B.HarvardUniversity.C.CornellUniversity.D.UniversityofPennsylvania.BBanffNationalParkishometoanamazingwildlifepopulation.ButthebusyTransCanadaHighwaythatcutsthroughtheparkisahazardtothelovelyanimals.Toaddresstheproblem,Banfffirstput-upwildlifefencingoneithersideofthehighwaytodiscourageanimalsfromenteringthebusyroad.Then,since1996,they'veopenedsixwildlifeoverpassesand38underpassestohelptheanimalscrossthehighwayinsafety.IwasfortunatetovisitBanff'sRedEarthOverpasswithTrevorKinley,theprojectmanagerwithParksCanada.Hetoldmethatsofar,theyhavedocumented10,000safeanimalcrossingsonthisoverpassalone.“Someanimalshavelearnedhowtousethecrossingsmuchmorequicklythanothers.Blackbearsarethefastestlearners,followedbydeer.Wolvesandlionstakethelongesttoworkouthowtousethem,”Kinleysaid,laughing.“Butthoseanimalsthatareslowertoadaptareusuallymorecapableanddeterminedatfiguringoutthesafestwaytocrossthoseoverpassesandunderpasses.”Thereissomecriticism（批評）thatchannelingsomuchwildlifeintoafewbridgesandtunnelsislikemakingatrapfortheanimals,offeringbiganimalsaneasymealoneitherside.“Butresearchhasshownthatthisisnotthecase,”Kinleyassuredme.“Therearenomorekillingsaroundthecrossingsthanthereareanywhereelseinthepark.”WalkingovertheTransCanadaandthenwalkingunderneaththroughoneofthetunnels,Iwasamazedtoseethefreshtracksofblackbears,wolves,deerandmanykindsofsmalleranimals.Somehow,alltheseanimalfootprintsmademesohappy,knowingthatallthiswildlifewaspassingsafelyunderandoverthelongestroadinCanada.Hopefully,thesuccessofthewildlifecrossingsinBanffwillcontinuetoinspiresimilarsolutionsaroundtheworld,wherehumanpressureonwildlifecontinuestogrow.24.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“hazard”underlinedinparagraph1?A.Shelter. B.Message. C.Answer. D.Danger.25.WhatdoesTrevorKinleysayaboutthosewolvesandlions?A.Theyarestupidanimals.B.Theyarecautiouslearners.C.Theyareverydangerous.D.Theyaregoodatadapting.26.Whatarethecriticsworriedabout?A.Therearetoomanybridgesandtunnels.B.Manyanimalswillnotusethecrossings.C.Morekillingsmighthappenatthecrossings.D.Illegalhuntingmightbeencouragedinthepark.27.Howdoestheauthorfeelattheendofthevisit?A.Concerned. B.Disappointed. C.Shocked. D.Delighted.CIfyou'veeverwonderedwhodecideswhatsportstobeincludedorleftoutattheOlympicGames,you'reprobablynottheonlyone,becausetheprocessesarealittlecomplexandconfusing.ItfallstotheExecutiveBoardofInternationalOlympicCommittee（IOC）tosuggestwhichsportswillbeincludedandtherestoftheIOCthenvotesaccordingtoalonglistofstandards:HowmuchvaluethesportwouldaddtotheOlympiclegacy（遺產(chǎn)）;Howlongthesporthasexisted;Howpopularthesportisinthehostcountry;Howmuchitwouldcosttobroadcasttheevents,andmanyotherthings.Tokyo2020OlympicGamessawtheinclusionofskateboarding,surfboarding,sportclimbingandkarate,allofwhichwereselectedbytheIOCforthefirsttimeever.So,whatcontributesto?sportbeingleftout?HavingtolimittheGamestoacertainnumberofathletes,aswellasschedulingneedscanleadtosomesportsbeingleftofftheprogram,especiallyiftheyfallshortoftheabovestandards.There'sperhapsnobetterexampleofthisthansoftballandbaseball.WhilebothareincludedatTokyo2020OlympicGames,it'sthefirsttimetheywereincludedatBeijing2008OlympicGames.TheIOCvotedthemoutfromLondon2012OlympicGames.Officialssaidthatneithersporthadglobalattraction.Butit'snotjusttheIOCthathasthesay.Thehostcitycanalsoplayaroleinthedecision,andpushforaparticularsportfortheyearthatitishosting.Forareal-worldexample,looknofurtherthanthe2024GamestobeheldinParis,whichwillseetheinclusionofbreakdancingasanOlympicsportforthefirsttime.28.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphfocuson?A.Thevotingprocess.B.TheadvantagesofIOC.C.ThecostsoftheGames.D.Theselectingstandards.29.WhichwasaddedtoTokyo2020OlympicGamesforthefirsttime?A.Baseball. B.Breakdancing. C.Skateboarding. D.Softball.30.WhywasbaseballleftoutatLondon2012OlympicGames?A.Ithadtoomanyplayers.B.Ithadashorthistory.C.Itwasdifficulttobroadcast.D.Itwasnotpopularenough.31.WhoismostunlikelytohaveasayinselectingtheOlympicsports?A.Theathletes.B.TheExecutiveBoardofIOC.C.Thehostcities.D.InternationalOlympicCommittee.DPinocchiomaybejustachildren'sstory,butSpanishscientistsattheUniversityofGranadarecentlyinvestigatedtheso-called“Pinocchioeffect”andfoundthatournosesdon'tgrowlongerwhenwetellalie,butactuallygetalittlebitsmaller.Dr.GómezMilánandhisteamdevelopedaliedetectortestthatusedthermal（熱成像的）camerastotellifpeoplewerelying,andfoundthatwheneverparticipantsintheirresearchwerebeinguntruthful,thetemperatureoftheirnosedroppedupto1.2℃,whilethetemperatureoftheirforeheadincreasedupto1.5℃.Theyalsofoundthatdropintemperatureatnoselevelactuallycausedittobecomeslightlysmaller,althoughthedifferencecouldnotbeseenbythehumaneye.“Onehastothinkinordertolie,whichraisesthetemperatureoftheforehead,”Dr.GómezMilánexplainedthefindings.“Atthesametimewefeelanxious,whichlowersthetemperatureofthenose.”Forthisstudy,researchersaskedanumberof60studentstoperformvarioustaskswhilebeingscannedbythermalcameras.Oneofthesetasksinvolvedmakinga3-to-4-minutecalltotheirparents,partnersorfriendsandtellinganimportantlie.Participantshadtomakeuptheliethemselvesduringthecall,andthethermalcameraspickedupthis“oppositePinocchioeffect”causedbythechangesintemperatureinthenoseandforehead.Interestingly,thethermalliedetectorpickedupthetemperaturedifferencein80percentoftestparticipants,whichisabetterrateofsuccessthanthatofanymodernliedetectorusedbythepolice.“Withthismethodwe.haveincreasedaccuracyandreducethechancesof'falsepositives',somethingthatisfrequentwithothermethods,”saidDr.GómezMilán,whoaddedthatpolicecouldonedaycombineotherliedetectiontechnologywiththeirtechnologytoachievebetterresults.32.Whydidthetemperatureoftheparticipants'foreheadsgoupduringthetest?A.Theyfeltashamed.B.Theyhadtothinkhard.C.Theywerescared.D.Theygotembarrassed.33.Whatphenomenondoesthe“oppositePinocchioeffect”referto?A.Thenosebecomessmaller.B.Thenosegetslonger.C.Thetemperaturegetshigher.D.Thetemperatureremainsthesame.34.Whatcanwelearnabouttheresearch?A.Thethermalliedetectormayassistthepolice.B.Thethermalliedetectorhasprovenapopularone.C.Researchersconductedthestudybyinterviewing.D.Researchersdesigneddifferentliesforparticipants.35.Whichmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WillLieDetectorsTelltheTruth?B.WillThermalTechnologyBeReliable?C.WillLyingMakeYourNoseLonger?D.WillLyingMakeYourTemperatureRise?第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。EasyWaystoFightSADinDarkWinterDaysWhensunlightisinshortsupplyandnightsarelongandcoldinthewinter,millionsofpeoplerealizetheydon'tfeelasmerryasusual._36_,youmaybesufferingfrom“seasonalaffectivedisorder”orSAD.TrytheseeasywaystofightSAD.Getmorelight.MostresearchersagreethatpeoplewhofallvictimtoSADmostoftenareparticularlysensitivetothelackoflight._37_,gettinglightinthemorningseemstoofferthemostbenefit.Iftheweatherpermits,takeawalk.Inyourhomeoroffice,trysittingclosetoawindowthatfacessouth.Increaseexercise.Althoughexercisingmaybeaboutthelastthingyouwanttodoandyouwouldrathercurlup（蜷起來）withabookorwatchTV,studieshaveshownthatuppingyourexerciseroutinecanreduceSAD.Doctorsadviseexercisingatleast20minutesadayatleastthreetimesaweek._38_.Thebenefitsofexercisearealsolong-lasting.Thelongeryoudoit,themorebenefityou'llget._39_.Studieshavefoundthatpeoplewhohavelowlevelsoftwochemicalsfoundinfish,EPAandDHA,areatincreasedriskforSAD.Youcaneatmorefish-atleastthreetimesaweektofightit.TakeextravitaminD.ThebodymakesvitaminDwhentheskinisexposedtosunshine._40_.A.EatmorefishB.WorkoutatthegymC.Ifyou'reoneofthemD.AnytypeofexerciseoffersbenefitsE.FreshfishcontainsalotofEPAandDHAF.AlthoughanyamountofoutdoorlightcanhelpG.Doctorsrecommendonepilladayifyougetlittleexposuretothesun第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Afteratwo-hourflightfromShanghaiandanhour'sdrive,Ireachedmydestination:JielingkouVillageinQinhuangdaoCityofHebeiProvince,China,Thetinyand_41_villageishometoShanhaiPass,wheretheGreatWallfinallydivesintothesea.DuringtheMingDynasty（1368~1644）,JielingkouVillagewasconsideredanextremelyimportantpartoftheGreatWall.Butitslowlyfelloutof_42_andintodisrepair-inmodernChina.In2018,ananti-povertyprojectbeganinthevillage,withthe_43_ofnotonlyfixingtheplaceup,butalso_44_thelivingstandardsofthe200peoplestilllivingthere.Oneofthe_45_wastochangealloftheoldhomesintomodernguesthouses.“ThiswillallowcityfolkstoenjoytheGreatWallincomfort,”saidGe,whowas_46_theproject.Butgainingthelocals'_47_tookalotofeffortatthebeginning.“Justtwoyearsago,theyweren't_48_abouttheprojectatall,”Getoldme.“Seeingthattheyhadto_49_waterfromafarawaywelleveryday,wedecidedtobuildawatersystemthatwouldsendwatertotheirhomes.It'soneofthefirst,_50_wehavemade.Itreally_51_.Nowsomeofthosewhowerestronglyagainstourprojectarenowourgreatest_52_.”Gesaidhehopesthatasconditionsare_53_becomingbetterinJielingkou,someoftheyoungermembersofthevillagewholefttoseekopportunityinthecitieswillcomeback.“Alreadytwouniversitygraduateswhogrewupinthevillagehavereturnedto_54_theguesthouses.Ihopemorewillbe_55_bythepotentialsheresoon.”41. A.rich B.great C.old D.nearby42. A.reach B.significance C.view D.control43. A.cost B.knowledge C.favor D.goal44. A.increasing B.ignoring C.considering D.deciding45. A.benefits B.measures C.disadvantages D.conditions46. A.inchargeof B.inresponseto C.insightof D.insearchof47. A.independence B.weight C.trust D.experience48. A.worried B.curious C.angry D.enthusiastic49. A.carry B.sell C.boil D.produce50. A.mistakes B.apologies C.improvements D.documents51. A.hurt B.helped C.failed D.escaped52. A.workers B.fighters C.managers D.supporters53. A.occasionally B.gradually C.hardly D.regularly54. A.clean B.decorate C.destroy D.run55. A.attracted B.monitored C.postponed D.welcomed第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Sincetheearly1970s,photographerDavidHurnhasbeendocumentingthosetypicalscenes_56_hasdefinedhismountainouscountyinWales.Unavoidably,landscapeandagriculturehavebeena_57_（centre）focusinhisphotographs.“Weonlyhaveacoupleofreasonablylarge_58_（city）inWales.Ifyoutravelaround,youseeopenspace,andfarmseverywhere,”saysHurn.“PartoftheWelshnessofWalesisthefarmers.Ilikefarmers.Theyarewarmandopen.TheyworkveryhardandIlikepeoplewhoworkhard.”Hurn,whohaslivedinruralWalesforthepast40years,hasseenvariouspositivechangesinallareasofWelshlife.InhisvillageofTintern,forexample,hehasnoticedadecreaseinresidentsworkinginthedirtycoalindustry_59_whichthecountryoncerelied._60_（unfortunate）,sometimeswithimprovementscomebadchanges,too.MuchofwhatHurnhasdocumentedovertheyearshasnowdisappeared_61_isdisappearing.Soheconsidershisworkasproducingahistoricalrecord.Hurn_62_（be）worriedthatifWales'agriculturallifegoes_63_samewayasheavyindustry,thenation'sveryculturewilldisappear.“ButthelandandagricultureareamajorpartofWelshlife.IfboththeheavyindustriesandfarmingdisappearedinWales,thenWaleswouldlose_64_（it）identity,”hesays.“Ih