2025年外研版高二英語寒假復(fù)習(xí)：核心知識點+題型練習(xí)（選擇性必修一）復(fù)習(xí)-原卷版

專題05核心知識點和題型訓(xùn)練（選擇性必修一）復(fù)習(xí)

T模塊導(dǎo)航A

考點聚焦：核心考點+小考考點，有的放矢

重點速記：知識點和關(guān)鍵點梳理，查漏補缺

難點強化：難點內(nèi)容標(biāo)注與講解，能力提升

學(xué)以致用：真題感知+提升專練，全面突破

考點聚焦

i.核心詞匯

2.重點短語

3.長難句分析

4.題型訓(xùn)練

?重點專攻

核心詞匯

1.moodn.心情

2.amusementn.娛樂，消遣

3.entertainv.使快樂

4.examineV.檢查（身體）

5.essentialadj.極其重要的，必不可少的

6.deserveV.應(yīng)得，應(yīng)受到

7.interactionn.交流

8.fellown.男人，家伙

9.conceptn.概念，觀念

lO.whisperV.悄聲說，低語

11.concludeV,結(jié)束，終止

12.composern.作曲家

13.pacen.速度，進度

14.rarelyadv.很少，難得

15.rejectionn.拒絕，否決

16.neverthelessadv.然而，不過

17.classicn.名著；經(jīng)典作品

18.guaranteeV.保證，確保

19.outcomen.結(jié)果，后果

20.worthwhileadj.重要的，值得做的

21.enthusiasticadj.熱心的，熱衷的

22.appreciativeadj.感激的

23.worthyadj.值得尊敬的；值得贊賞的

24.permanentadj.長久的，永久的

25.embarrassedadj.難堪的，尷尬的

26.expectationn.預(yù)料，預(yù)期

27.remarkableadj.非凡的，不尋常的

28.vividadj.生動的，逼真的

29.assignV.分配，分派

30.opponentn.對手

31.defeatV.戰(zhàn)勝，打敗

32.cooperationn.合作，協(xié)作

33.intenseadj.緊張的，激烈的

34.motionn.動，運動

35.abstractadj.抽象的

36.innovativeadj.新穎的，創(chuàng)新的

37.trendn.趨勢，動向

38.contrastn.反差，對比

39.literallyadv.根據(jù)字面意思

40.distinctadj.清晰的；明顯不同的

41.distantadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的

42.samplen.樣本

43.suspectV.猜想，懷疑，覺得

44.generateV.產(chǎn)生，創(chuàng)造

45.characteristicn.特征，特性

46.declineV.減少

47.blameV.責(zé)怪，指責(zé)

48.primitiveadj.原始的，低等的

49.detectV.發(fā)現(xiàn)，察覺

50.linkV.把……聯(lián)系起來；連接

51.massiveadj.巨大的

52.delicateadj.脆弱的

53.splendidadj.壯麗的

54.leisuren.空閑，閑暇

55.wanderV.徘徊

56.disturbV.干擾，擾亂

57.favourn.支持，贊同

58.preferencen.優(yōu)先（權(quán)）

59.negotiableadj.可協(xié)商的

60.qualificationn.技能條件，資格

【考點再現(xiàn)】

單詞拼寫

1.Don'tspendyourvacationisaplacewhereeverythingistooexpensivetomaintainapositive.（心情）

2.Theteacher（使'快樂）thestudentsforhourswithstoriesinordertocheerthemup.

3.Thedoctor（檢查）herbutcouldfindnothingwrongexceptthatshewasinabadmood.

4.1（彳艮少）havetimetothinkabouthowtodealwithabadmoodatwork.

5.Likethoseearlydaysforemployers,Ifacedalotof（拒絕）andfrustrations.

6.Hewasemotionalinsuchanawkwardsituation.（然而），hesucceededinholdingbackhisemotions.

7.Thelinguisfsmanuscriptshouldbe（保證）tobesafelyshiftedtoanotherlibrary.

8.Theplanofthecooperationhassucceededbeyondour.（預(yù)期）

9.Therewillalwaysbesomeonewhowantstodestroyyour（自信）andmakeyoudoubtyourdreamof

becomingarealwarrior.

10.Thecomposerincludedsome（民間的）musicelementsinhisnewsong.

11.Theessaywasfullofcomplicated.（弓I語）

12.Theoutlineoftheshipbecamemore（清晰的）.

13.Somephrasescannotjustbetranslated（根據(jù)字面意思）,forexample,"longface99,whichactually

meansunhappy.

14.Atechnicianmustbefullofideasof（倉新）tobeoutstandingintheintensecompetition.

15.Therootsoftheplantareextremely（脆弱的）andcanbedamagedbypollutedwater.

16.Touristsfromallovertheworldcometoseethe（壯麗的）sceneryoftheplateau.

17.Antelopesareeatinggrassattheir（閑暇）intheboundlessstretchofthegrassland.

18.Thefellow（徘徊）aimlesslyaroundthestreets.

19.Theeconomyofthecountryhasrisen（平穩(wěn)地）inthepasttwoyears.

20.Theeffectoftheemissionsofcarbondioxideontheenvironmentis（巨大的）.

必背短語

1.lookthrough瀏覽，快速查看

2.cheerup使高興起來，使振作起來

3.concentrateon集中注意力于；全神貫注于

4.takeoff飛機起飛；開始成功

5.takeaway帶走，拿走

6.makesense有意義，有道理

7.throwlighton使容易理解

8.fallbehind不能按時完成工作

9.have...incommonwith…與..有共同之處

10.struggletodosth.努力/爭取做某事

11.haveaneffecton對..有影響

12.comeacross偶然遇見，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)

13.teamupwith與..合作，與....協(xié)作

14.afarcryfrom與..大不相同

15.attach...to…把..固定在....上

16.giveway倒塌，向下垮

17.followinone飛footsteps仿效某人；繼承某人

18.carryon繼續(xù)；進行

19.endup結(jié)果為..,以....結(jié)束

20.setout開始，著手；出發(fā)，動身

21.payoff取得成功，奏效

22.inspiresb.todosth.激勵/鼓舞某人做某事

23.passdown把.傳給后人；把....往下傳

24.bringout使顯現(xiàn)，使表現(xiàn)出

25.betiredfrom因..而疲倦

26.beamazedby對..感到驚奇

27.makeup組成；構(gòu)成；編造；化妝

28.avarietyof各種各樣的

29.beaccessibleto可以進入；可以使用；可以接近

30.upto達到；勝任；由……決定

31.datebackto起源于；追溯到

32.answerthecall響應(yīng)號召；接電話

33.cometoexist開始存在

34.adaptto適應(yīng)

35.beharmfulto對..有害

36.atone'sleisure空閑時

37.bring...tolife使..更有趣；使....更生動

38.beconcernedabout關(guān)心；掛念

39.highlighttheimportanceof強調(diào)..的重要性

40.infhvorof支持，贊同

【考點再現(xiàn)】

根據(jù)語境及漢語提示填入合適的短語

1.Itwasyourencouragementandsupportthat（使我振作起來）andhelpedmeget

throughthehardtimes.

2.Ifthedataisstatisticallyvalid,itwill（使較容易理解）theproblemweare

investigating.

3.Ican*tbelieveheaskedmeaboutprivatequestionsinfrontofthewholeoffice.He

really（使我難堪）.

4.Whatdogreatscientists（有....共同點）？

5.Thebeautifulplaceis（與....大不相同）wheremanyofthemlive.

6.arecentphotograph（把...附在）yourapplicationform.

7.Theoldhouse（倒塌）andmanypeopleweretrappedundertheruins.

8.Aftergraduation,LiuGangdecidedto（追隨他祖父的腳步）

andworkonthefamilyfarm.

9.Thegovernment（開始做）makenecessaryreformsrecentlytoraisepeople's

livingstandards.

10.WethoughtJohnwoulddowell,buthehassucceeded（超出了我們的預(yù)期）.

11.YangLiping'sdancecomesfromthetraditionalbeliefoftheDaipeopleandaimsto（展示）theDai

women'sbeauty.

12.Wedidn'taskforallthechallengesthatweface,butwe'redeterminedto（響應(yīng)號召）to

meetthem.

13.Thiskindofplant（產(chǎn)生）onEarthmillionsofyearsago.

14.Aslongaspeoplehaveabeliefandpursuesomething,theycanendureanyhardshipand

（適應(yīng)）anyenvironment.

15.Theislandofferssuch（各種各樣的）sceneryandwildlifethatitattractsmany

tourists.

16.AgroupofTibetanantelopesismovingunderthebridge,withsomestoppingtoeatgrass

_____________________（悠閑地）.

17.Waterbirdsplayinginthelake,andcattleandsheepwanderingthegrasslandsthescenery

（使...更生動）.

18.Witheveryoneseated,theheadteacherbeganthemeeting,（強調(diào)....的重要性）

self-disciplineforseniorhighstudents.

19.Thiscompany（由....組成）morethantwentybranchesalloverthecountryin2021.

20.Weareall（支持）spendingwhateverisnecessarytofightairpollution.

重點句式

1.強調(diào)句型

教材原句

Althoughifsthedoctorsandnurseswhowilltreatherinjury,ifsmyjobtomakeherfeelbetter.

盡管為她治療傷痛的是醫(yī)生和護士，但讓她的心情變好則是我的工作。

句式仿寫

___________________________________kindledherinterestinmusic.

是她的老師激發(fā)了他對音樂的興趣。

2.部分否定

教材原句

Achievingapositivestateofmindisn'teasyforeveryone.

達到積極的形態(tài)并非對每個人來說都是容易的。

句式仿寫

actsthesameinresponsetoevents.

并非每個人對事件的反應(yīng)都一樣。

3.獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

教材原句

Theresponsefromapublishercomesbackandthewritereagerlyopensandreadsit,theirheartssinkingwhenthey

reachthatfinalsentence.

出版商給了回信，作家急切地拆開來讀，但讀到這最后一句，心隨即跌落谷底。

句式仿寫

___________________________,hefeltrelaxed.

問題解決了，他感覺輕松了。

4.with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

教材原句

HarryPotterbecameaglobalsuccess,withover400millionbookssoldandtranslatedintomorethanseventy

differentlanguages.

《哈利?波特》后來在全球大獲成功，銷量超過4億冊，被翻譯成了70多種不同的語言。

句式仿寫

With,Ihadtotakeataxi.

有這么多行李要拿，我不得不乘坐出租車。

5.“only+狀語”位于句首引起的部分倒裝

教材原句

OnlywhendarknesshadagaindescendeduponmeshouldIrealizehowmuchIhadleftunseen.

只有當(dāng)黑暗再次降臨時，我才意識到，我還有那么多沒有看到。

句式仿寫

Onlywhenwefollowthelawsofnature.

只有當(dāng)我們遵守自然法則時我們才能更好地與大自然和諧相處。

6.that引導(dǎo)地同位語從句

教材原句

StephenCurryislivingproofthatwhatotherpeoplethinkofyoudoesnothavetoinfluencewhatyoubecome.

斯蒂芬?guī)炖镆采鷦拥刈C明了別人對你的看法并不一定會影響你成為什么人。

句式仿寫

Theyweredelightedattheirteamhadwon.

當(dāng)聽到他們球隊獲勝的消息時，他們欣喜若狂。

7.過去分詞（短語）作狀語

教材原句

Ledbywell-knownChinesevolleyballplayerandcoachLangPing,theyhavecontinuedtoaimhigh.

作為知名的前中國女排運動員和中國女排總教練，郎平帶領(lǐng)著隊員們不斷力爭上游。

句式仿寫

,thegirlsaidthatshewantedtobeateacher.

當(dāng)被問到未來的計劃時，這個女孩說她想成為一名教師。

8.不定式作主語

教材原句

TolistentoTan'smusicistoexperienceamixofChinesemusicaltraditionsandWesterninfluences.

欣賞譚盾的音樂，就是在感受中國音樂傳統(tǒng)和西方影響的交融。

句式仿寫

________________istobelieve.

眼見為實。

9.sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句

教材原句

Scientistshopetolearnmoreaboutthisplantwarningsystem,sothatwecanuseittogrowcropswithout

pesticides.

科學(xué)家希望能進一步了解這種植物警報系統(tǒng)，從而將其應(yīng)用于種植不用使用農(nóng)藥的農(nóng)作物。

句式仿寫

Parentsandchildrenshouldcommunicatemoretonarrowthegapbetweenthem

understandeachotherbetter.

父母和孩子應(yīng)該多交流，縮小他們之間的代溝，一邊更好地理解彼此。

10.eventhough/evenif引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句

教材原句

Eventhoughtheownerofthecompanyguaranteesthatthedesignwillbeinharmonywithitsbeautiful

surroundings,thelocalpeoplearestillconcernedthatthehotelmayuseupnaturalresources.

雖然該公司老板保證設(shè)計將與周圍優(yōu)美地環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)，但當(dāng)?shù)厝巳匀粨?dān)心酒店會耗盡自然資源。

句式仿寫

weachievedgreatsuccessinourwork,weshouldnotbeproud.

盡管在工作中取得了巨大成功，我們也不應(yīng)該驕傲。

題型訓(xùn)練

一、閱讀理解

A

Animportantdevelopmentinforensicscience,thescientificmethodsusedforfindingoutaboutacrime,has

comefromcooperativeeffortsbetweenresearchersatShanghaiNormalUniversityinChinaandtheUniversityof

BathintheUK.

Theteamworkhasledtothecreationofawater-solublefluorescentspray(水溶性熒光噴霧)that

significantlyadvancedthedetectionofpossiblefingerprints.Unliketraditionalmethodsthatofteninvolvetheuse

ofpoisonousorenvironmentallyharmfulchemicals,thisinnovativesprayoffersasaferandgreenerchoice.

Bytargetingtheinvisibleprintsleftbehindbysweatoroilonsurfaces,thesprayquicklymakesthemvisible

withinseconds,promotingconvenienceandspeedinforensicinvestigations.Accordingtoresearchers,itswater

solubilityfurtherimprovesitsapplicability,allowingforadaptableusedirectlyatcrimescenes.

Detectinglatent(hidden)fingerprints(LFPs)isimportantinforensicscience,buttheirinvisiblenatureposes

challenges.Traditionalmethodslikepowderdustingandchemicalshavelimitationsinspeedandsafety.Usingthe

fluorescencepropertiesofGreenFluorescentProtein(GFP),theresearchershavedevelopedtwodistinctdyes(染

料)一LFP-YellowandLFP-Redtoaddressthesechallenges.Thesedyesexhibitan“ofTon“fluorescenceresponse

upondifferentpartsofLFPs,byselectivelyattachingtosmallelementspresentinfingerprints.Underbluelight,

theygiveoutasoftfluorescentlight,enablingeasydetection.Developedfromjellyfish(水母；海螢)，GFPservesas

abiologicalbasisforthesedyes,ensuringtheydonotaffectthefollowingDNAanalysisofthefingerprints.

Accordingtoresearchers,applyingthesedyesinvolvesafinespray,whichpreventsdamagingspotsand

offersacleanerway,comparedtotraditionalmethods.Itworksperfectlyevenonroughsurfaceslikebrick,where

collectingfingerprintscanbeparticularlyarduous.

“Thissystemcanevenbeusedonfingerprintsthatareaweekold.Havingtwodifferentcolorsavailable

meansthespraycanbeusedondifferentcoloredsurfaces.We'rehopingtoproducemorecolorsinthefuture.

We'relookingforcooperationwithvariouscompaniestobringthedyestomarketforwideavailability.

Additionally,ongoingresearchanddevelopmenteffortswillbeneededtocontinuetoimprovetheirproducts,9,said

ProfessorTonyJames,fromtheUniversityofBath.

1.Whatistheadvantageofthenewsprayoverpreviousmethods?

A.Ifsmoreaccurateandapplicable.B.It'smoreeffectiveandeco-friendly.

C.It'scolorfulandeasytoproduce.D.It'scleanerandconvenienttocarry.

2.HowdothetwodyesmakeLFPsvisible?

A.ByhelpingcollectandanalyzetheDNAofthem.

B.Byattachingtothemandexhibitingthemasfluorescentlight.

C.Bytakinginfluorescenceandreflectingbluelighttothem.

D.Byslowingdownthefluorescenceresponseoffingerelements.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"arduous“meaninthefifthparagraph?

A.Practical.B.Fruitful.C.Debatable.D.Difficult.

4.WhatdoTonyJames'wordsintendtosayaboutthespray?

A.Itslimitationsonfingerprints9existencetimewillberemoved.

B.Itwillbeappliedtovariousfieldsinthefuture.

C.Itsimprovementcanpromiseabrighterfuture.

D.ItcouldreplaceDNAanalysisinforensics.

B

Whenyouaccomplishsomethingamazing-likeearningapromotion,finishingayearlongprojector

finallypayingoffyourcreditcarddebts一you'dthinkaburstofhappinesswouldbefollowedbyrelief.Youcan

evenrelaxalittle.Right?Notforeveryone.It'sactuallynotunusualtofeelmoreanxiousfollowinggoodnewsor

hard-earnedsuccessthanyoudowhenyou'reputtingoutfiresorworkinghard.

“Anxietycanbeabittricky,asit'saresponsethat'shard-wiredintothebrain,“saidCarlaMarieManly,a

California-basedclinicalpsychologistandauthorofJoyfromFear."Thebrain'sfearcircuit(回路)worksvery

quickly,anditdoesn'talwaysstoptotellthedifferencebetweengoodanxietyandbad.So,whensomethinggood

happens,thephysicalsymptomsyoufeelaresimilartothosethatyouassociatewithpanicorfbar.”

Therearesomethingsyoucandowhenaccomplishingsomethingpositivetriggers(觸發(fā))moreanxiety.But

evenwhenyouareabletodistinguishbetweenfeelingsofexcitement(goodstress)andpanic(badstress)after

success,theclimbdownfromMountEuphoriacanbeananxietytriggerinitself.Whenyourbodybecomes

accustomedtoalong-timestateofanxiety,thepositivephysiologicalchangesthathappenaftergoodnewscan

triggerthesensethatsomethingisn'tright-simplybecauseyou'renotusedtofeelinggood.

Thisreactionmayalsobeworsebecauseofapotentialbeliefthatthegoodeventwillprobablybefollowed

bysomethingbad-perhapsbecause,inthepast,badthingsthathavehappenedtoyouoftenoccurredwhenyou

weredoingwellorthingswererelativelycalm,saidJoEckler,aTexas-basedclinicalpsychologistandauthorofI

Can'tFixYou—BecauseYou'reNotBroken.Insteadofenjoyingthemoment,youspendthattimewaitingforthe

othershoetodrop.

5.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Badnewsusuallyresultsinanxiety.B.Sometimes,successmaycontributetomoreanxiety.

C.Feelingshavenothingtodowithsuccess.D.Apromotionissuretomakepeopleexcited.

6.WhatleadspeopletobeanxiouswhensomethinggoodhappensaccordingtoManly?

A.Therateofpeople'sbrainreaction.B.Theabilitytodistinguishfeelings.

C.Theworkingspeedofthebrain'sfearcircuit.D.Thenumberofgoodthingsthathappen.

7.WhichofthefollowingisstatedbyJoEckler?

A.Nothingcanpreventpeople'sanxietyafterhappiness.

B.Ifstimeforpeopletoforgetbadthingsthathappenedinthepast.

C.Anxietyhappensaftersuccessforpeopleaccustomedtofeelingbad.

D.Theworryaboutbadfutureeventscanmakepeoplefeelmoreanxious.

8.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.HowtoDealwithAnxietyinLife.

B.HowtoFeelMuchHappierAfterAnxiety.

C.WhyYouGetMoreAnxiousAfterGoodNewsHappens.

D.TheReasonsforBeingAfraidSomethingGoodWillHappen.

二、七選五

Peopleareconstantlybombarded（轟炸）withunrealisticandpotentiallyharmfulimagesof“ideal”body

types.]It'salsoimportanttolearnwhatyourbodycanphysicallydoandbecomecomfortable.Inorder

toacceptyourbody,it'simportanttogetintouchwithbothoftheseaspectsofyourbodyontheirownterms.

2Thismeansnottryingtochangewhoyouareorfocusonqualitiesyoudon'tlike.Learntoenjoy

yourbody------howyoumove,feel,andgetaround.Letgoofhowyouusedtolook,especiallyifyourbodyhas

undergonechangesfrominjuries,ormedicalconditions.Bekindtoyourbodyasitisrightnow.

Replacenegativethoughtswithpositiveones.Assoonasyounoticeyourselfstartingtohaveanegative

thought,replaceitwithsomethingpositiveaboutyourself.Giveyourselftimetogetintothehabitofthinking

positively.Trystartingeachdaybythinkingafewpositivethoughts.3

Compareyourselfonlytoyourself.4There9snopointincomparingyourselftoothers,regardless

ofwhetherthepersonisacelebrityorclassmatesittingnexttoyou.Instead,compareyourselfintermsofhowyou,

veprogressedovertime,nowthatyou'vecreatedyourownrealisticgoals.Forexample,youmightthinkto

yourselfthatyou'veimprovedyourappearancecomparedtoafewyearsago.

Knowwhentoseekhelp.Understandthatnearlyeveryonestrugglestomaintainpositivebodyimageallthe

timeandit'snormaltohaveupsanddowns.5Therearevarioussignsthatyourbodyissuesaresevere

andrequireprofessionalhelp.

A.Acceptyourbodyasitis.

B.Identifywhatyoulikeaboutyourbodyandappearance.

C.Negativethoughtsdonothingtoimproveyourself-image.

D.Theworldwouldbeaprettyboringplaceifwealllookedthesame.

E.Butyoushouldalsohonestlyconsiderifyouneedtospeakwithacounselor,orspecialist.

F.Thiscanmakeitdifficulttoaccept,love,andfeelconfidentinyourownbody,whichiscritical.

G.Remindyourselfofthesethoughtsthroughoutthedaywhenyoustartfeelingcriticalofyourself.

完形填空

Ishallneverforgetthosewinters.Theywerethetimeswhenmyfathertraveledthroughthecoldwindsto

findmethemedicalinstrumentsthatwouldcorrectmydeformed(田奇形的)1.

Iwasan2childbecauseIwasbornwithX-shapedlegs.3Iwastheluckiestkidtohavea

fatherwhoputinsomuch4tocureme-andwho5succeeded.

Myfatherworkedfromsunrisetosunset,tryingto6thosemedicalinstruments.Mymemoriesof

childhoodareofhim7hospitals,tryingtofindtheonethatcouldbuildhisdesigns.

Butoneday,myfatherarrivedhomewithapairof8.Thatnight,withgreat9,hefittedthe

instrumentstomylegs.Itmademybonesache,buthetoldmeIwouldhaveto10it,foreighthoursa

night,orIwouldneverbeabletowearprettyskirtsorhave11legslikeothergirls.Butashesaidthis,

heturnedhisfaceawayand12awaytears.

WheneverI13whatmyfatherdid,Ifeelwhathedidshowsthemostselflesscontribution.Today,

whenIlookatmystraightandhealthylegs,tearsrun14downmyface.Thewinterwindsarecoldto

otherpeople,butbecauseofmyfather,theywillalwaysbe15_tome.

1.A.legsB.brainC.bodyD.feet

2.A.unhappyB.uglyC.unfortunateD.unaccepted

3.A.AndB.ButC.SoD.If

4.A.effortB.energyC.painD.emotion

5.A.accuratelyB.rarelyC.simplyD.eventually

6.A.drawB.makeC.designD.play

7.A.stayingB.touringC.leavingD.passing

8.A.instrumentsB.shoesC.glovesD.socks

9.A.interestB.attentionC.patienceD.care

10.A.seeB.bearC.holdD.protect

11.A.longB.thinC.beautifulD.super

12.A.wipedB.threwC.putD.gave

13.A.turndownB.giveoutC.takeupD.thinkof

14.A.unexpectedlyB.smoothlyC.fluentlyD.uncontrollably

15.A.bitterB.strongC.coolD.warm

四、語法填空

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Whentalkingaboutagreatjob,whatcomesintoyourmindfirst?Abrilliantscientist?Ancreativeartist?As

forCharles,hegoesallouttobe]outstandingchef.

Prior2becomingafamouscook,hetookacourseabouthowtopreparedeliciouscuisine.The

course3(consist)ofseveralparts,oneofwhichwashowtoimpro