北京市昌平區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末英語試卷【含答案】

第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber頁，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages頁第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber頁，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages頁北京市昌平區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末英語試卷一、完形填空（本大題共1小題）Theschoolbellrang,signalingthestartofanotherday.Avoiceannouncedthroughthespeakers,catchingeveryone’sattention.“Wewouldliketo1youthattherewillbeatryoutfortheschool’s2teamtodayat3:00PM.”Myfriends,whoweresittingaroundthetable,turnedtomewith3expressions.“Areyougoingtojoin,Sarah?”theyasked,theireyesfilledwitheagerness.Ishrugged,nothavinggivenitmuchthoughtbeforehand.“Whynot?”Ireplied,mostlytomyself.Myexperienceinpublicspeakingwaslimited.4,theideaofchallengingmyselfappealedtome.Astheclockstruck3:00PM,Ifoundmyselfstandingoutsidethedebateroom,myheartpoundinginmychest.Thesightofmyclassmates,alleagerandconfident,mademe5mydecision.WhatifIstumbled(結(jié)巴)overmywords?WhatifIappearedinexperienced?Steelingmynerves,Isteppedintotheroom,wherethedebatecoacheswerewaiting.Theyaskedmetodeliveranunpreparedspeechonagiventopic.Itookadeepbreath,gatheredmy6,andbegantospeak.Tomysurprise,thecoachesnoddedinapprovalandIwas7registeredintheteam.Overthenextfewmonths,Idedicatedmyselfto8theartofdebate,andthesupportofmyteammateskeptmemotivated.Asthedayofthedebatecompetitionapproached,Ifeltamixofexcitementandbutterfliesinmystomach.Whentheaudience’sapplausefilledtheauditoriumaftermyperformance,Ifeltexcited.Their9ensuredmyhardworkandbuiltupmyconfidence.Irealizedthatsteppingoutofmycomfortzonehadnotonlyallowedmetodiscoverahidden10buthadalsobroughtasenseofachievementandjoy.1．A．inform B．warn C．order D．promise2．A．speech B．sports C．debate D．chorus3．A．worried B．expectant C．confused D．confident4．A．Otherwise B．Therefore C．Meanwhile D．However5．A．confirm B．question C．a(chǎn)bandon D．delay6．A．thoughts B．presents C．experiences D．puzzles7．A．unfortunately B．unnecessarily C．undoubtedly D．unfairly8．A．teaching B．a(chǎn)ppreciating C．spreading D．mastering9．A．recognition B．suggestion C．contribution D．a(chǎn)mbition10．A．story B．secret C．talent D．desire二、語法填空（本大題共3小題）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Yesterday,a49-year-oldwomanlostcontrolofhervehicleandslippedintoariverwithstrongandmovingwater.Thewoman’scarbegansinkingintotheriver,11(leave)hertrappedinsideaswaterquicklyfilledthevehicle.Apasserby,12hadbeenworkingnearby,noticedthesinkingcar.Withouthesitation,themanrushedintotherivertohelp.Hepulledthewoman13thesinkingvehicleandsafelyguidedhertotheshore.閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Xi’anishometomanyimportanthistoricalsites.TheXi’anCityWall,14(build)intheMingDynasty,isoneofthebestpreservedwallsinChina.Itonceprovidedprotectionagainstenemiesanditsthicknessis15(great)thanitsheight.AgoodplacetoexploretherichhistoryofXi’anissurelytheShaanxiHistoryMuseumwhichcontainsabout1.7millionhistorical16(item).閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Overcenturies,wehavebeenseekingwaystocurediseases.OneofthefirsttoseekforascientificfoundationformedicinewasHippocrates,whoissaidtohaveusedtreebarkandleaves17(relieve)feversandpain.Formanycenturies,medicineadvancedrather18(slow),untiltheinventionofthemicroscope,which19(lead)tothediscoveryofbloodcells,ofbacteria,andofthegermtheoryofdisease.Sincethen,theadvanceofmedicine20(speed)up.三、閱讀理解（本大題共6小題）Foundedin2014,Remergehasestablisheditselfasaleadingapptargetingplayersglobally,withofficesspanningBerlin,NewYork,Singaporeandsoon.Ourinternationalteamofexpertshascontributedtothegrowthofhundredsofapps,includinggaming,e-commerce,andfinance.JobResponsibilities?Assistincreativeuploadandmaintaincreativeassets(資產(chǎn))onRemergeplatforms.?Trackandmonitortheperformanceofcreatives,ensuringtofollowthebrandguidelinesandplatformrequirements.?Provideinsightsintocreativeperformance.?Supporttheteamincollectingandanalyzingdatatoidentifytrendsandkeyperformanceindicators(KPIs).?TakeadvantageofExcelfordataanalysis.JobRequirements?AuniversitydegreeprograminMarketing,DataScienceorarelatedfield.?Proficiency(熟練)inbasicEnglish,asitisourprimaryworkinglanguage.?Basicunderstandingofdigitaladvertisingplatformsisanadvantage.?ProficiencyinExcelfordataanalysisandreporting.?Strongattentiontothedetailsandtimemanagementskills.OurPromise?Directimpact:getyoupromotedinthecareerinafast-pacedenvironment.?Generouspaymentincludingadedicatededucationbudget.?Flexibleworkfromhomeorintheoffice.?Thechancestoparticipateintheannualcompanyactivities.RemergeisanEqualOpportunityEmployer.Ifyouareinterestedinthis,haveatryandwe’relookingforwardtoyourapplication!21．InRemerge,onewill_______.A．useExceltocollectdata. B．helpwithcreativeupload.C．provideinsightsintoKPIs. D．monitortheplatforms'operation.22．Theapplicantsarerequiredto_______.A．dowellintimemanagement. B．haverelatedworkexperience.C．begoodatprofessionalEnglish. D．designdigitaladvertisingplatforms.23．Whatwillthequalifiedapplicantsget?A．Flexibleworkplaces. B．Freedomtoquitthejob.C．Chancestobecreatives. D．Paymentformedicalcare.JuleusGhuntaisapublishedchildren’sauthorandaward-winningpoet.Butgrowingup,hecouldbarelyread.RaisedinaruralpartofWesternJamaica,Ghuntaandhisbrothershadlimitedresourcestolearnandplay.“Lifewasverydifficultforus,”herecalled.WhenGhuntafinallywenttoschool,hecouldn’tcatchuponhisreadingskills.Sincenotonlyhadhebeenkepthomefromschoolasachild,hehadnotbeenexposedtobooks.BythetimeheenteredGradeSix,hecouldonlyspellhisownname,butcouldn’tmakeoutwordsorreadwithunderstanding.Thesituationwasmadeworsebyaseriesofimpatientteacherswhomadehimfeelworthlessandupset.Hestruggledinschoolwithadeepsenseofloss.WhenGhuntawasabout12,ayoungteacher-in-training,whosenamehedoesnotrecall,startedareadingprogramforstrugglingstudents.Ghuntawasthefirsttosignup.“Theteacherwasincrediblykindtome,”hesaid.“Shewaspatientandcreative,butdidnotaskanythingofmeexceptthatIworkhardandbelieveinmyself.”Underherguidance,Ghunta’sreadingskillsstartedtoimproveandhissenseofinsufficiencybegantolift.Hegraduatedfromelementaryschoolwithanumberofacademicawards.Hewentontocollege,andlater,graduateschool.Today,heistheauthoroftwochildren’sbooks,includingRohanBullkinandtheShadows:AStoryaboutACEsandHope,aboutovercomingdifficultexperiencesinchildhood.He’snowworkingonhisfirstfull-lengthcollectionofpoetry.In2010,Ghuntawentbacktohiselementaryschool,inquiringtheprincipalandteachersiftheyoungteacherwasstillthere,butfailed.Hehopedtomeetherandthankherforseeinghispotential.“Iwouldlovehertoseethesignificantimpactshehasmadeonmylife,andthewaysinwhichIhavecarriedthismemoryofher—thehope,thelight,withme—andhowitcontinuestobeasourceofjoy.”24．HowdidGhuntafeelinGradeSix?A．Astonished. B．Delighted. C．Relaxed. D．Depressed.25．TheyoungteacherinfluencedGhuntamainlyby_______.A．encouraginghisindependence B．buildinguphisconfidenceC．inspiringhisimagination D．developinghiscreativity26．Ghuntawentbacktohiselementaryschoolin2010to________.A．findinspirationsforhisbooks B．recallhispleasanttimethereC．thankhisteacherfacetoface D．showoffhisachievements27．Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A．Wherethereisawill,thereisaway. B．Everythingcomestothosewhowait.C．Encouragementcantransformalife. D．Diligenceisthemotherofsuccess.CharlesDarwinfoundinspirationforhistheoryofevolutioninbirds’beaks,turtles’shellsandlanguage.“Thesurvivalorpreservationofcertainfavoredwordsinthestruggleforexistenceisnaturalselection,”hewroteinTheDescentofMan.Languagegraduallyshiftsovertime.Muchresearchexamineshowsocialandenvironmentalfactorsinfluencelanguagechangebutverylittleexplorestheforcesofhumancognitive(認(rèn)知的)selectionthatfixcertainwordsintothedictionary.Foranextensivenewstudy,publishedinajournal,scientistsinvestigatedjustthat.Inanexperimentmuchlikeagameoftelephone,thousandsofparticipantsreadEnglish-languagestoriesandrewrotethemtobereadbyotherparticipantswhothenrewrotethemforothers.Onlycertainwordsfromthefirststoriessurvivedinthefinalversions.Researchersanalyzedthewordtypesspeakersconsistentlyfavored,theorizingthatsuchpreferencesdrivelanguagechangeovertime.ThescientistsalsoseparatelyanalyzedtwolargecollectionsofEnglishhistoricaltextsfromthepasttwocenturies,containingmorethan40billionwords—againseeingonlycertaintypessurvive.Theresultsshowedthreefeaturesthatgivewordsan“evolutionary(進(jìn)化的)advantage”byhelpingthemstickinthebrain.First,wordstypicallyacquiredatanearlyage,suchas“hand,”“uncle”or“today”,arestabler.Next,concretewordsexistbetterthanabstractones:“dog”stayslongerthan“animal”,whichpersistslongerthan“organism”.Lastly,emotionallyexcitingwords—whethernegativeorpositive—tendtobepermanent.Earlylanguage-evolutionmodelsassumedthatlanguagebecomesincreasinglycomplexovertime.ButacognitivescientistFritzBreithauptsaysthenewstudysupportsamorerecenttheorythatlanguageultimatelygetsmoreefficientandeasiertounderstand.Still,asthestudynotes,“theEnglishlanguageisnotbabytalk.”Breithauptexplains,“Yes,weshifttowardsimplelanguage,butthenwealsograbcomplexlanguagethatweneed.”Newwordsthataddressthecomplexityofmodernlifemaysomewhatbalanceoutthisshift.Theproposedtrendtoward“simpler”languageisdebatable.AlinguistJohnMcWhorterquestionsimplicationsregardingtheoverallefficiencyofEnglish—alanguagehesayscontainsthingslike“unnecessarilycomplex”grammaticaltraces.StudyleadauthorYingLinotesthatEnglishhadevenmorecomplicatedgrammarinthepast.“JohnMcWhorterwouldcomplainmoreifhetraveledback800yearsago,”Lisupposes.28．WhatisParagraph3mainlydiscussedabouttheresearch?A．Conclusionandsignificance. B．Backgroundandpurpose.C．Methodandlimitations. D．Processandfindings.29．AccordingtoBreithaupt,theEnglishlanguagetendstobe______.A．moreconcretewithdifficulty B．morepracticalwithefficiencyC．morecomplicatedwithabstraction D．moreunderstandablewithvividness30．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．Whopromotesthestudyoflanguageevolution? B．Howdoeslanguagegraduallyshiftovertime?C．Whatmakesawordsurviveorgoextinct? D．Whyarecertainwordsfavoredbypeople?Creativityisaproductofthehumanmind.Butwhyaresomepeoplemorecreativethanothers?Havingauniquebrainhasbeenproposedasonepossibility.TakeWolfgangAmadeusMozart'smusicalcreativity.IthasbeensuggestedthathehadTourette'ssyndrome,abrainconditionlinkedtoarangeofsymptoms,whichcouldhaveplayedarole.Otherproposalslinkcreativitytointelligenceoreventotheuseofcertaindrugs.IntheCreativeBrain:Mythsandtruths,scientistAnnaAbrahamexaminestheseideasandfourmore,describingthemasmyths(謬見)andeachisdiscussedinachapter.Butratherthanfullydebunkthem,Abraham'spreconditionisthattheyallcontainatruth.Sheresearchesintohowthesebeliefsdevelopedandspread—andwhytheyaresohardtodesert.Herfocusisonhowmisinformationisoftenrelatedtoconflictingresultsinthescientificevidencethatissupposedtobackthemup.Takethecommonideathatthebrain'srighthemisphere(腦半球)isassociatedwithcreativity.Bothbehavioralandbrain-basedstudieshaveexploredthis,butfindingsarehardtocomparebecausethewaysofmeasuringdifferentaspects,suchasthelevelofcreativity,varygreatly.Thismeanswecanfindevidencesupportingboththerightandlefthemispheresbeingdominantincreativeactivities,aswellasthejointinvolvementofthetwo.Suchproblems,saysAbraham,originateinthefactthatcreativitytypicallyinvolvesmanyelementsbutthefocusisoftendrawntojustone,theimaginationneededtomakesomethingnew.Otheraspects—suchasthedrivetocreate,thehardworkinvolvedandtheabilitytoproducesomethingthatsympathizeswithanaudience—arealsocrucial.Manyexplanations,shesays,treatcreativitytoosimplistically:forexample,takingcertaindrugscanmakesomeonemoreopen,andthusbetterabletothinkcreatively,butmaynotaffecttheirmotivation.Abrahamprovidesagoodsummarizationoftherelationshipbetweencreativityandthebrain,coveringalotofgroundwhiledoingso.Sheencouragesreaderstothinkmoredeeplyaboutbrain-basedcreativitytheories,eveniftheyseembackedupbyevidence.Howcreativityoriginatesinthebrainiscomplexandprobablycan'tbeexplainedbyasimplenarrative.Perhapsweneedanewapproach.31．Whatdoestheword“debunk”underlinedinParagraph3probablymean?A．Deny. B．Expose. C．Approve. D．Clarify.32．Whatcanwelearnaboutcreativityfromthepassage?A．Ithelpstosympathizewithanaudience. B．Itisdominatedbythebrain'srighthemisphere.C．Itisacomplexprocessinvolvingmanyfactors. D．Itcanbeenhancedbyhardworkandmotivation.33．Asforbrain-basedcreativitytheories,Abrahamis__________.A．a(chǎn)ppreciative B．disapproving C．unconcerned D．objective34．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Toexplorethemythsandtruthsaboutcreativityandthebrain.B．Toprovethatcreativityisgreatlylinkedwithauniquebrain.C．Toarguethatcreativityismainlydeterminedbyintelligence.D．Toencouragetheuseofdrugstopartlyenhancecreativity.You’restandinginlineatthegrocerystoreorwaitingforanelevator.Youhavenomorethanaminutetokill.Andyet,beforeyou’veevenrealizedwhatyou’redoing,you’vepulledoutyourphoneandhavebeguntomindlesslyscroll(滾屏)throughapps.35Researchsuggestsplentyofpeopledothesamething.Only11%ofpeople'ssmartphonecheckswereinresponsetoanotification.Fortherestofthetime,theycheckedtheirphonestotallyunplanned,oftenwithoutthinkingthroughwhytheyweredoingit.We'resousedtoconstantstimulationthatwefeeluncomfortablewhenwe’renotdoinganything,evenforjustafewseconds.Ourbrainsarehardwiredtoseekoutrewardslikeknowledge,entertainment,andsocialconnection.Allofthosethingsweremuchhardertofindbeforewehadtinycomputersatourfingertips.Nowwedo.Ourphonesarebasicallyall-you-can-eatbuffetsforourbrains,endlesslyandeasilyservingupthethingstheywant.36Aquickphonecheckprobablyisn'tdoingyourbrainanyrealharm.37Overtime,constantscrollingcouldhaveanegativeeffectonyourjobperformance,relationships,sleep,andpossiblyevenphysicalsafety,ifyou’redoingthingslikecheckingyourphonewhileyouwalkordrive.38Whenyougiveintoyoururgesandcheckyourphone,thenfeelguiltyaboutit,thefeelingoffailureaddsshametoinjury.Ifyouwanttobreakthehabitofconstantchecking,you’llhavetoworkatit.Buildingawarenessisagoodway.39Forexample,nexttimeyoucatchyourselfscrollingthroughshortvideoswithoutevenabsorbingthecontent,thinkaboutwhetheryoureallywanttobeonyourphone,oryouarejustputtingoffaless-funtask.A．Checkingyourphoneisoftenautomatic.B．There'salsoamental-healthelementtoconsider.C．Ofcourseourmindscan'thelpbutfeedthemselves.D．Startgoingwithoutyourphoneforsetperiodsoftime.E．Theurgetocheckyourphoneisoftenrelatedtostressrelief.F．Takeamomenttoaskyourselfwhatisdrivingyourbehavior.G．Butit'salsoworthconsideringhowallthoselittlechecksaddup.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。There’salotoffeararoundspendingtimealone.Recentarticlesandstudieswarnusaboutthedangersofloneliness,asitmayincreaserisksofanxietyanddepression.Yet,notalllonelinessisahealthissue.There’schronic(長期的)loneliness—andthere’ssolitude.Thisisahelpfuldistinction.Chroniclonelinessoccurswhenthereisunhappinessaboutalackofclosenessoraperceivedsenseofsocialisolation.Whilesolitudeisastateofbeingfreeofthedemandsofothers.Wedosomanyactivitiesalonethatdon’tcomewithshameordangersofchronicloneliness—readingabook,doinganartproject,orcookingameal.Thiskindofalonetimeiscomfortingandimportant.Yetpeopledon’tknowhowtomakeuseofsolitude.Asaresult,somewouldratherstayinbadrelationshipsorsurroundthemselveswithfriendseventhoughtheirenergyisrunout.Iamabelieverinfindingyourbestsolitudestyle.Onewayistospendsomequalitytimewithyourself.Forinstance,youcanwatchamoviealoneorgoforarunning.Engaginginactivitiesthatmakeyoufeelconnectedwithothers—likewritingletterstoaclosefriend—canalsobeabeautifulwaytoenjoysolitude.Solitudeislikeanyothersocialinteraction.Whenyouestablishdeliciousmomentsforjustyou,yougettobetheuniquearchitectofyourexperience.Therecanbeacertainairofromancetothetimeyougiveyourself.40．Whyislonelinessdangerous?41．Whatissolitude?42．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Somepeoplechoosetostayinbadrelationshipsorhangoutwithfriendseventhoughtheyfeelexhaustedbecausetheyrunoutofenergy.43．Whichsolitudestylementionedinthepassagedoyouprefer,andwhy?(Inabout40words)四、書信寫作（本大題共1小題）44．假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你的英國筆友Jim所在的學(xué)校在舉辦“世界文化周”活動。作為中國優(yōu)秀文化的愛好者，Jim負(fù)責(zé)組織中國文化節(jié)(ChineseCultureFestival)，他向你尋求相關(guān)建議。請用英文給他寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.推薦活動內(nèi)容；2.簡要說明理由。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案【答案】1．A2．C3．B4．D5．B6．A7．C8．D9．A10．C【分析】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了作者參加學(xué)校辯論隊，從自我懷疑到充滿自信的故事。【解析】1．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我們想通知大家，今天下午3點(diǎn)將會有學(xué)校辯論隊的選拔活動”。A.inform通知；B.warn警告；C.order命令；D.promise承諾。根據(jù)“Avoiceannouncedthroughthespeakers,catchingeveryone'sattention”可知，廣播是為了通知選拔活動的信息，故選A項。2．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我們想通知大家，今天下午3點(diǎn)將會有學(xué)校辯論隊的選拔活動”。A.speech演講；B.sports體育運(yùn)動；C.debate辯論；D.chorus合唱。根據(jù)下文“thedebate”可知，廣播通知的是學(xué)?！稗q論隊”的選拔。故選C項。3．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的朋友們圍坐在桌旁，帶著期待的表情轉(zhuǎn)向我。A.worried擔(dān)心的；B.expectant期待的；C.confused困惑的；D.confident自信的。結(jié)合上下文朋友詢問“Areyougoingtojoin,Sarah?”可知，朋友們對此充滿期待。故選B項。4．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，挑戰(zhàn)自我的想法讓我很感興趣。A.Otherwise否則；B.Therefore因此；C.Meanwhile同時；D.However然而。根據(jù)“Myexperienceinpublicspeakingwaslimited”以及“theideaofchallengingmyselfappealedtome.”可知，前后句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D項。5．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：看到班級里那些自信的同學(xué)讓我開始質(zhì)疑自己的決定。A.confirm確認(rèn)；B.question質(zhì)疑；C.abandon放棄；D.delay推遲。根據(jù)后文“WhatifIstumbled( 結(jié)巴)overmywords?WhatifIappearedinexperienced?”可知，作者開始質(zhì)疑自己的決定。選擇B項。6．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我深吸一口氣，整理思緒，開始說話。A.thoughts想法；B.presents禮物；C.experiences經(jīng)歷；D.puzzles難題。根據(jù)下文“begantospeak.”可知，應(yīng)該是整理了自己的想法（思緒）。故選A項。7．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：令我意外的是，教練們點(diǎn)頭表示贊許，我毫無爭議地成功入選隊伍。A.unfortunately不幸地；B.unnecessarily不必要地；C.undoubtedly毫無疑問地；D.unfairly不公平地。根據(jù)上文“thecoachesnoddedinapproval”可知，作者毫無爭議地成功入選隊伍。故選C項。8．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來的幾個月里，我致力于掌握辯論的藝術(shù)，隊友的支持讓我充滿動力。A.teaching教授；B.appreciating欣賞；C.spreading傳播；D.mastering掌握。根據(jù)下文“theartofdebate”可知，此處表示致力于學(xué)習(xí)并掌握辯論技巧。故選D項。9．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的認(rèn)可保證了我的努力工作，并建立了我的信心。A.recognition認(rèn)可；B.suggestion建議；C.contribution貢獻(xiàn)；D.ambition雄心。根據(jù)上文“Whentheaudience’sapplausefilledtheauditoriumaftermyperformance”可知，觀眾的反應(yīng)給了她認(rèn)可。故選A項。10．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我意識到，走出自己的舒適區(qū)，不僅讓我發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己隱藏的天賦，也給我?guī)砹顺删透泻涂鞓?。A.story故事；B.secret秘密；C.talent天賦；D.desire欲望。根據(jù)常識可知，善于辯論是一種天賦。故選C項?！敬鸢浮?1．leaving12．who13．from【分析】這是一篇記敘文。昨天，一名49歲的婦女失去了對車輛的控制，滑進(jìn)了湍急的河水中。這名女子的車開始沉入河中，她被困在里面，水很快就充滿了車。一位在附近工作的路人注意到了下沉的汽車。那個人毫不猶豫地沖進(jìn)河里去幫忙。他把那個女人從下沉的車?yán)锢鰜?，安全地把她帶到岸邊?！窘馕觥?1．考查非謂語動詞。句意：這名女子的車開始沉入河中，她被困在里面，水很快就充滿了車。此處leave與上文句子構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填leaving。12．考查定語從句。句意：一位在附近工作的路人注意到了下沉的汽車。非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞passerby，在從句作主語，指人。故填who。13．考查介詞。句意：他把那個女人從下沉的車?yán)锢鰜?，安全地把她帶到岸邊。短語pull…from…表示“把……拉出來”。故填from。【答案】14．built15．greater16．items【分析】本文是說明文，主要介紹了西安的幾個重要?dú)v史遺跡?！窘馕觥?4．考查非謂語動詞。句意：西安城墻建于明朝，是中國保存最完好的城墻之一。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞作定語，build與其邏輯主語theXi’anCityWall之間是被動關(guān)系，表示動作已完成，應(yīng)用過去分詞。故填built。15．考查比較級。句意：它曾為抵御敵人提供保護(hù)，其厚度大于高度。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格處需要一個形容詞，結(jié)合than判斷需要使用greater的比較級。故填greater。16．考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：探索西安豐富歷史的好地方當(dāng)然是陜西歷史博物館，那兒大約有170萬件歷史物品。item意為“物品”，是可數(shù)名詞，被基數(shù)詞1.7million修飾，用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式作賓語。故填items?！敬鸢浮?7．torelieve18．slowly19．led20．hasspeeded/hassped【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展歷史情況?！窘馕觥?7．考查非謂語動詞。句意：最早為醫(yī)學(xué)尋找科學(xué)依據(jù)的人之一是希波克拉底，據(jù)說他曾用樹皮和樹葉來緩解發(fā)燒和疼痛。短語usesth.todosth.表示“用某物做某事”。故填torelieve。18．考查副詞。句意：許多世紀(jì)以來，醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展相當(dāng)緩慢，直到顯微鏡的發(fā)明，才導(dǎo)致血細(xì)胞、細(xì)菌和疾病的細(xì)菌理論的發(fā)現(xiàn)。修飾動詞advance用副詞slowly，故填slowly。19．考查時態(tài)。句意：許多世紀(jì)以來，醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展相當(dāng)緩慢，直到顯微鏡的發(fā)明，才導(dǎo)致血細(xì)胞、細(xì)菌和疾病的細(xì)菌理論的發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文 .Formanycenturies可知為一般過去時。故填led。20．考查時態(tài)。句意：從那時起，醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展速度加快了。根據(jù)上文Sincethen可知為現(xiàn)在完成時，主語為theadvanceofmedicine，助動詞用has。故填hasspeeded/hassped?！敬鸢浮?1．B22．A23．A【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了Remerge招聘職位的信息，包括工作職責(zé)、申請要求及應(yīng)聘者的福利待遇?！窘馕觥?1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。據(jù)JobResponsibilities部分的第一點(diǎn)“Assistincreativeuploadandmaintaincreativeassets(資產(chǎn))onRemergeplatforms(協(xié)助創(chuàng)意上傳并維護(hù)Remerge平臺上的創(chuàng)意資產(chǎn))”可知，在Remerge工作時需要協(xié)助創(chuàng)意上傳。故選B。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JobRequirements部分的最后一點(diǎn)“Strongattentiontothedetailsandtimemanagementskills(注重細(xì)節(jié)并具備強(qiáng)大的時間管理能力)”可知，應(yīng)聘者需要在時間管理上表現(xiàn)優(yōu)秀。故選A。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OurPromise部分的第三點(diǎn)“Flexibleworkfromhomeorintheoffice(靈活選擇在家或辦公室工作)”可知，合格的應(yīng)聘者能獲得靈活的辦公地點(diǎn)選擇權(quán)。故選A?！敬鸢浮?4．D25．B26．C27．C【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了JuleusGhunta曾經(jīng)因為生活艱難，不僅小時候不上學(xué)，而且沒有接觸過書，于是到了六年級過得很艱難，多虧了一位老師的鼓勵，建立了他的自信，改變了他的人生?！窘馕觥?4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“BythetimeheenteredGradeSix,hecouldonlyspellhisownname,butcouldn’tmakeoutwordsorreadwithunderstanding.Thesituationwasmadeworsebyaseriesofimpatientteacherswhomadehimfeelworthlessandupset.Hestruggledinschoolwithadeepsenseofloss.(當(dāng)他進(jìn)入六年級時，他只會拼寫自己的名字，但不能辨認(rèn)單詞或閱讀理解。一群不耐煩的老師讓情況變得更糟，他們讓他覺得自己毫無價值，心煩意亂。他帶著深深的失落感在學(xué)校里掙扎)”可知，Ghunta在六年級時感到抑郁。故選D。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Shewaspatientandcreative,butdidnotaskanythingofmeexceptthatIworkhardandbelieveinmyself.(她很有耐心，也很有創(chuàng)造力，但她對我沒有任何要求，只是要求我努力學(xué)習(xí)，相信自己)”可知，這位年輕的老師主要通過建立他的信心來影響Ghunta。故選B。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“In2010,Ghuntawentbacktohiselementaryschool,inquiringtheprincipalandteachersiftheyoungteacherwasstillthere,butfailed.Hehopedtomeetherandthankherforseeinghispotential.“Iwouldlovehertoseethesignificantimpactshehasmadeonmylife,andthewaysinwhichIhavecarriedthismemoryofher—thehope,thelight,withme—andhowitcontinuestobeasourceofjoy.”(2010年，Ghunta回到了他的小學(xué)，詢問校長和老師，這位年輕的老師是否還在那里，但沒有回答。他希望能見到她，并感謝她看到了他的潛力?！拔蚁胱屗吹剿龑ξ业纳町a(chǎn)生的重大影響，以及我對她的記憶——希望和光明——的方式，以及它如何繼續(xù)成為我快樂的源泉。”)”可知，Ghunta在2010年回到他的小學(xué)，當(dāng)面感謝他的老師。故選C。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Iwouldlovehertoseethesignificantimpactshehasmadeonmylife,andthewaysinwhichIhavecarriedthismemoryofher—thehope,thelight,withme—andhowitcontinuestobeasourceofjoy.(我想讓她看到她對我的生活產(chǎn)生的重大影響，以及我對她的記憶——希望和光明——的方式，以及它如何繼續(xù)成為我快樂的源泉)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了JuleusGhunta曾經(jīng)因為生活艱難，不僅小時候不上學(xué)，而且沒有接觸過書，于是到了六年級過得很艱難，多虧了一位老師的鼓勵，建立了他的自信，改變了他的人生。可知，故事告訴我們鼓勵可以改變一個人的生活。故選C?！敬鸢浮?8．D29．B30．C【分析】本文是一篇說明文，主要探討了語言進(jìn)化的機(jī)制，尤其是某些詞匯在大腦中的“進(jìn)化優(yōu)勢”，同時也探討了語言變化中簡單化與復(fù)雜化的平衡問題?！窘馕觥?8．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Inanexperimentmuchlikeagameoftelephone,thousandsofparticipantsreadEnglish-languagestoriesandrewrotethemtobereadbyotherparticipantswhothenrewrotethemforothers.Onlycertainwordsfromthefirststoriessurvivedinthefinalversions.Researchersanalyzedthewordtypesspeakersconsistentlyfavored,theorizingthatsuchpreferencesdrivelanguagechangeovertime.ThescientistsalsoseparatelyanalyzedtwolargecollectionsofEnglishhistoricaltextsfromthepasttwocenturies,containingmorethan40billionwords—againseeingonlycertaintypessurvive.(在一個很像電話游戲的實驗中，數(shù)千名參與者閱讀英語故事，然后重寫給其他參與者閱讀，然后其他參與者再重寫給其他人看。在最后的版本中，最初的故事中只有某些詞留存了下來。研究人員分析了說話者一直喜歡的詞匯類型，并提出了這樣的偏好會導(dǎo)致語言隨著時間的推移而變化的理論。科學(xué)家們還分別分析了過去兩個世紀(jì)的兩大英語歷史文本集，其中包含400多億個單詞，再次發(fā)現(xiàn)只有某些類型的單詞幸存下來)”可知，本段詳細(xì)描述了研究的具體過程（實驗設(shè)計）和發(fā)現(xiàn)（偏好“幸存”詞的特性），即“實驗過程與研究發(fā)現(xiàn)”，故選D。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“ButacognitivescientistFritzBreithauptsaysthenewstudysupportsamorerecenttheorythatlanguageultimatelygetsmoreefficientandeasiertounderstand.(但認(rèn)知科學(xué)家FritzBreithaupt表示，這項新研究支持一種較新的理論，即語言最終變得更加高效、更容易理解)”可知，Breithaupt認(rèn)為英語語言傾向于變得更實際和高效。故選B。30．主旨大意題。整篇文章的中心圍繞語言進(jìn)化的驅(qū)動因素，重點(diǎn)分析了“哪些單詞會保留下來，哪些會消失”，尤其在研究中得出的幾個單詞具有“進(jìn)化優(yōu)勢”的特性：早期習(xí)得的詞、具體詞以及帶有情緒激動性（正面或負(fù)面）的詞。文章反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是單詞如何在變化中“生存”與“滅絕”。結(jié)合選項，C選項“Whatmakesawordsurviveorgoextinct?”（是什么讓一個單詞存活或消亡？）最能概括文章主題。故選C?！敬鸢浮?1．A32．C33．D34．A【分析】這是一篇說明文，主要探討關(guān)于創(chuàng)造力與大腦之間的關(guān)系的各種觀點(diǎn)和誤解，并分析了這些觀點(diǎn)的形成原因?！窘馕觥?1．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Butratherthanfullydebunkthem,Abraham’spreconditionisthattheyallcontainatruth.(而不是完全debunk它們，亞伯拉罕假設(shè)它們都含有某種真理)”可知，假設(shè)它們都含有某種真理，所以亞伯拉罕沒有完全地去否定這些觀點(diǎn)。debunk意思為“揭穿，否認(rèn)”。故選A。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段“Suchproblems,saysAbraham,originateinthefactthatcreativitytypicallyinvolvesmanyelementsbutthefocusisoftendrawntojustone,theimaginationneededtomakesomethingnew.(亞伯拉罕說，這樣的問題源于創(chuàng)造力通常涉及許多元素，但重點(diǎn)常常集中在一個元素上，即創(chuàng)造新事物所需要的想象力)”及第六段“Otheraspects—suchasthedrivetocreate,thehardworkinvolvedandtheabilitytoproducesomethingthatsympathizeswithanaudience—arealsocrucial.(其他方面——如創(chuàng)造的動力、所需的努力以及創(chuàng)作出能引起觀眾共鳴的能力——也是至關(guān)重要的)”可知，創(chuàng)造力是一個涉及許多因素的復(fù)雜過程。故選C。33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Manyexplanations,shesays,treatcreativity