江蘇省基地大聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語試題

2024屆高三第一次質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語注意事項(xiàng)考生在答題前請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀本注意事項(xiàng)及各題答題要求101501200.50.5答選擇題必須用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(5小題;1.57.5分)5ABC三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。Whendoesthewomanbrushherteetheveryday?A.Intheevening. B.Intheafternoon. C.Inthemorning.Whyisthemanexercisingsofrequently?A.Heisfree. B.Heisunhealthy. C.Helikescoldweather.Atwhattimedoestheconversationtakeplace?A.8:30a.m. B.9:00a.m. C.9:10a.m.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?Buyingtheirdreamhouse.Creatinganartisticpainting.Finishingpreparationsfortheirnewhouse.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Customersinabank. B.Bankerandcustomer. C.Bankmanagerandstaff.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）5ABC三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀55秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。Howlonghasthemanprobablybeenmanagingtherestaurant?A.Aboutoneyear. B.Aroundeightyears. C.Morethan20years.Whatisthewomanmostworriedabout?A.Theenvironment. B.Thefood. C.Theeconomy.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。Wherearethespeakersprobably?Inanoperatingroom.Inaschoolmedicaloffice.Inahospitalwaitingroom.Whatmistakedidthemanprobablymake?A.Skatinginabusystreet. B.Drivinghiscartoofast. C.Wearingaprotectivehat.Whatisthewoman’sadvicefortheman?Changehisinsurancecompany.Obeythetrafficsignsinpublic.Getanoperationtofixhisleg.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutmotorcycles?Theyareverydangerous.Theyareabituncomfortable.Theyaremoreconvenientthancars.Howlonghasthemanbeenpreparinghismotorcycletrip?A.Lessthanaday. B.Fourdays. C.Oneweek.Howcanthemanbedescribed?A.He’sverycareful. B.He’sadventurous. C.He’sinexperienced.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。Whomightthemanbe?A.Areporter. B.Afarmer. C.AWhatdoesthewomanwishtodowithherextraland?Setupanewfarm.Buildhomesforherstaff.Plantdifferenttypesofcrops.Howcanthefarmersgettheirpayraised?A.Bybeingmoreefficient. B.Bysharinggoals. C.By聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。Duringwhichseasonisthetalkprobablytakingplace?A.Winter. B.Spring. C.Summer.Howlongwillittakebeforethelistenersgetthejob?A.In5days. B.In10days. C.In15days.Whatisthemostimportantthingforthelistenerstoadaptto?Workinginaschool.Experiencingadifferentclimate.Communicatinginaforeignlanguage.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkisthemostenjoyablethingaboutlivinginShanghai?LearningtospeakChinese.Thecity’sadvancedtechnology.Meetingmanydifferentcultures.第二部分閱讀 (共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASantaClausExpressTrain—FatherChristmasisComingtoRighttothecoolTrainHistoryParkofHungary.SantaClausTrainisagreattrainprogramtowelcomeSantaClauswiththekids,thistimeintheHungarianRailwayMuseum,oneofthebestmuseumswithchildren(andtrainenthusiasts)inBudapest.Eventdates:Dec8,Dec9andDec10(Sunday)in2023ThesteamengineexpresstrainwilltakethechildrenandparentsfromNyugatiTrainStationtotheRailwayMuseuminBudapest.TheOrientHalloftheTrainMuseumturnsintoafestivepartyandstagetowarmlywelcomeSantaandhishelperswhobringlotsofgoodiesandgiftsforthekids.Thereisusuallyashow,goodiebagsfromSanta,etc.BookingtheticketsfortheSantaClaustrainisfrommidOctober.AndifyoushouldbewonderingwhytheSantaClauscomessoearlyinHungary,atthebeginningofDecember,ratherthanasFatherChristmasshould,atChristmas,thefactisthatinHungary,SantaClaushasaspecialDec6(StNikolaus’sday),whiletheChristmaspresentsinHungaryarebroughtbytheBabyJesus(ortheLittleAngel).Don’taskhowkidsbelievethatababyshouldbesostrong.Theydo.SoaproperHungarianSantaClaus(TelapoakaMikulas)shouldcomearoundDec6.Moreinfoaboutthespecialchildrentrain,andbookingtickets:MagyarVasútt?rténetiPark(Address:95TataiWay,DistrictXIV,postcode1142/Budapest,Tataiút95.)Tel./fax:(06-1)450-1497EmailandbookingtheSantaClaustrainseats:\hinfo@vasuttortenetipark.huAccordingtothepassage,parentsarerequiredto .A.bringsomegoodiesandgifts B.booktheticketsaheadoftimeC.beenthusiasticaboutthetrain D.contactSantaClauswithkidsWhatcanwelearnaboutthefestival?A.ItiscelebratedinthewholeEurope. B.ItisthesameasnormalChristmas.C.IthappensearlyDecemberweekend. D.Itcallsforattentiontospecialkids.Wheredoyouthinkthepassageistakenfrom?A.Atraveljournal. B.Atouristguide.C.Ageographytextbook. D.Apublicspeech.BLifelongdisabilityrightsactivistJenniferabandonedherwheelchairattheyoungageof8tocrawluptheCapitolsteps,forcingCongresstopassalandmarkcivilrightslawthatincreasedaccessforthosewithdisabilitiesandremovedbarriers.“DoingtheCapitolCrawl—itwasn’tjusttoclaimmyrights,butitwasalsotoclaimtherightsofmygenerationandfuturegenerationsofkidswithdisabilities,”Jennifersaid.Jenniferwasayounggirlwhohaddreamsofonedayattendingcollegeandlivingafulfillinglife.Atage2,Jenniferwasdiagnosedwithadiseasethataffectsthebrainandleavesherusingawheelchair.Jenniferwasabrightandbravegirl,yetwhensheattemptedtoattendschool,shewasarrangedtoseparateclassesforstudentswithdisabilities,regardlessofwhatshecoulddo.Shefoundherselfunabletoattendsomeschoolactivities,andaccessgovernmentbuildings.Jenniferacceptedthelimitationsofherphysicallife,butnotthelimitationsofthephysicalworldaroundJenniferbecameactiveincampaigningfortheAmericanswithDisabilitiesAct.Shejoinedinpeacefulprotestsand,atage7,wasarrestedinMontreal,amomentinhistorythatshockedNorthAmerica.Atage8,JennifertraveledtoWashingtonD.C.TheshybutdeterminedlittlegirlcaughttheattentionofthecountrywhenshecrawledunaideduptheCapitolsteps.Itworked.JennifermetwithCongress,andPresidentGeorgeH.W.BushsignedtheAmericanswithDisabilitiesActintolaw.Jenniferremainsanactivisttoday,makingsureallpeoplewithdisabilitiesaretreatedfairlyandhaveequalaccesstopublicplaces,schoolsandbusinesses.Theonlybarriersthatremainarethoseofviewpoints.Jenniferwantsallofustoknowthatphysicaldisabilitiesarenotabarriertofriendship,careeropportunitiesorlove.ShegraduatedfromArizonaStateUniversitywithadegreeinfamilyandhumandevelopment.Forher,likeallofus,makingadifferencebeginsonestepatatime,nomatterhowharditis.WhatcanweknowaboutJenniferfromthetext?Sheenjoyedremovingbarriersforothers.Shejoinedinmakingalawforthedisabled.Shewantedthedisabledtobeequallytreated.Shetriedtofightformorerightsforherself.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?Thesocietydiscriminatedagainstthedisabled.Thegirlhadtosubmitherselftotherealworld.Theschoolshowedspecialcareforthedisabled.Thedisabledgainedfreeaccesstopublicplaces.HowdidJennifergettheAmericanswithDisabilitiesActsignedintolaw?Bydemonstratingherdetermination.BytravellingtoWashingtonD.C.BydeliveringaspeechtoCongress.Byparticipatinginpeacefulprotests.What’stheremainingbarriertofairtreatmentforthedisabled?A.Buildingalong-timefriendship. B.Obtainingadegreeinuniversity.C.Changingpeople’sfixedmindset. D.Seizingmorecareeropportunities.CDurham,26yearsold,isoneofmanysocial-mediacareerinfluencerswhohaverisentofamebysharingtipsaboutworkwithacasual,accessibletone.Regardlessoftheirlocations,thesecontentcreatorsoftenadoptasimilarstyle:Filmingthemselvestalkingtothecameraabouttopicssuchashowtostandoutintheinterviews,negotiatesalaries,handleperformancereviewsandcommunicatewithmanagers.Whilecareercoachingisnotanewindustry,expertssaysocialmediaprovidesanewwaytodeliverthisinformationthat’sparticularlyappealingtoyoungworkersrightnow.MaryChayko,aprofessoratRutgersUniversity,saysseekingadviceonsocialmediafeelsmoreconvenientandefficienttoyoungpeople.Evenifinfluencerslacktheirownextendedprofessionaltenure(終身職位),andoftendon’tholdcoachingcertificates,expertssaytheyhavequalitiesthatmakefollowerstrustthem.Theirtransparency(透明性)makesthemfeellargelyaccessibleandeasy-going.Theircasualstyleappealstoaudiences,becauseitoffersglimpsesintowhotheyareaspeople.“Notbeingtoopolishedinthewaythatyoupresentyourselfisanotherindicatorthatyouaresomebodywhocanbetrusted,”Chaykosays.Whilesocialmediaadvicecanbemotivating,ithasitslimitations.VideosonInstagramandtendtobefairlybroad,relyingongeneralizationsaboutcultureandhumanbehaviorthatmaynotapplytoaperson’sindividualsituation.Moreover,manyofthedecision-makersintheworkforcebelongtooldergenerations,meaningthatyoungworkers’abilitytounderstandthevaluesoftheseleaderswillalsobeimportant.Relyingsolelyonyoungercoachescouldnarrowtheirknowledgescope范圍).Yetforyoungworkers,followingcareerinfluencersmaybeasmuchenterprisingasitispractical.Influencersdemonstrateanidealizedworkpersona(職場人士形象),conveyingasenseofcontrolandconfidencethatmanypeoplelongforintheirprofessionallives.WhyisEmilyDurhammentionedinthebeginning?A.presentafact. B.describeascene.C.explainaconcept. D.introducethetopic.WhatdoesMaryChaykotellusinparagraph2?Theyoungareeagerfornewcareers.Theyoungareaddictedtosocialmedia.Theyoungenjoyspreadinginformation.Theyoungtendtoaskforadviceonline.Whycancareerinfluencersappealtotheirfollowers?Theypossesssomecoachingcertificates.Theyownextendedprofessionaltenure.Theygivethepublicpolishedappearance.Theytrytobeseeminglyworthyoftrust.Whatdoesparagraph4focusonconcerningsocialmediacareeradvice?A.Itsbenefits. B.Itsfunctions. C.Itsshortcomings. D.Itsfeatures.DAstheworldchanges,humansencounternewthingsthatneedtobedescribedusingafixedsetofwords.Acommonstrategyistoreuseexistingwords—i.e.,wordmeaningextension.Forexample,“mouse”canrefertoacomputercontroldevicenow.Childrenalsoextendwordmeaningscreativelyastheylearntheirlanguages.Brochhagenetal.presentsevidencethattheextensionprocessthatgivesrisetonewtermsintheshorttermisthesameprocessthatgeneratespatternsbetweenlanguagesoverthelongterm.Theirfindingshavemajorimplicationsforthestudyoflanguagechangeoverevolutionaryhistory.Brochhagenetal.usedthreedifferentdatasets:adatabaseofcommonerrorsmadebychildrenwhenlearningtocommunicate,adatabaseofdocumentedhistoricalsemantic(語義的)shifts(forexample,themeaningof“viral”recentlyshiftedfrom“causedbyavirus”to“spreadingwidely”),andaglobaldatabasecontaininginformationaboutwhichwordshavethesamemeaningindifferentlanguages.Theresearchersfoundthatthereisasharedfoundation.Theyarguethatthiscommonalityisnotanoutcomeofchildhooderrorsbecomingadulthoodnorms.Instead,theybelievethatthereisanunderlyingcommonfoundation—creativity.Thatis,bothchildrenandadultsusetheirrichknowledgeoftheworldandtheobjectsinittolabel(貼標(biāo)簽于)newthingsonthebasisoftheirsimilaritytothingstheyalreadyknow.Itisthiscreativitythatcouldcausethewordmeaningextensioninlanguageevolution.TheanalysisofBrochhagenetal.addstorecentstudiesshowingthatsmall-scaleprocessescanhaveagreateffectonlanguagesatalargerscale.Forexample,wordsthatarecommonlyusedorhaveabstractfeaturesindailyspeechtendtobethosethatevolvemoreslowlyinthelongterm.Similarly,evidenceindicatesthatlow-levelcognitivehabits,suchasapreferencefortakingnounphrasesasthecoreofasentence,mayhaveshapedtheglobalpatternsoflanguagediversity.together,thesefindingshaveimportantimplicationsforinvestigatinglanguages.Whatisthecommonwayofdescribingnewthings?Addingnewmeaningstoexistingwords.Creatingnewwordswithsimilarmeanings.Restoringwordsthathaveeverabandoned.Borrowingwordsfromforeignlanguages.Howdidtheresearchersgettheirfindings?Bymakinglanguageerrorslikechildren.Bycollectingdatafromdifferentangles.Bycreatingnewwordsinthelongterm.Byarguingwithpeopleinthesamefield.Whatdoesthelastparagraphfocuson?Theeffectofgloballanguagediversity.Themethodsoflanguageinvestigation.Thefindingsaboutlanguageevolution.Theprocessofwordmeaningextension.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?WhychildrenmakesimilarerrorsWhypeopleextendwordmeaningsHowchildrenlearnnewlanguagesHowpeopledescribenewthings第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Fornewlyadmittedcollegestudents,adaptingtotheacademicenvironmentincollegewillbeanewchallenge.Thestudyskillsusedinhighschoolmaybeadisadvantageinyourcollegeexperience.Incollege,professorsarenotconcernedifyoupassorfail.36Toprepareforthecourseloadahead,itisimportanttostartfindingwaystoimproveyourstudyhabits.Somestudentsmaintainstudyhabitsthatworkforthem,whetheritisactiverecallorreviewingtheirnotesbeforeanexam.37Theystayuplateforexamstomorroworleaveassignmentstothelastminute.Clubscanmakeitchallengingforyoutosettleintotheroutineofhighereducation.38Developingandpractisingeffectivestudyhabitswillhelpyoustayorganizedandallowyoutodevelopintoadisciplinedcollegestudentevenifyouhavealotofclubactivitiestoattend.39Sogetacollegeplannerassoonaspossible!Thismightbearegularplanner,asimplenotepadorawallcalendar.Sitdownearlyinthesemesterandscheduleyourupcomingdeadlines,assignments,examsandstudytimeonyourweeklyplanner.Onceyouhaveorganizedyourassignmentsandstudytimeforthesemester,makeeveryefforttosticktothatschedule.Youmaypreferadigitalscheduleandcalendar.40Testdates,extracurricularactivities,studyperiods,andassignmentduedatescanallbesetasreminderssoyouwillnevermissadeadline.Herearetipstowinprofessors’support.Manyothershavenotformedsuchhabits.Considercreatinganagendaonyourdevices.Organizationisimportantforsuccessincollege.Buttheyfindreferencebooksfortheirresearchinthelibrary.Therefore,beingself-reliantanddeterminedincollegeisimportant.Fortunately,theseactivitiesdon’tpreventyoufromearningyourdegree.第三部分 語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Weallhavedreamsforourkids.EventhoughhersonLeonisjustababy,Tamandanihopeshewillbecomea41someday.Whenhewasbornwithclubfoot(畸形足),Tamandanithoughtthosedreamswouldnotcomeinto42.After43Leonwasbornwithadisability,Tamandani’shusbandleftherandhernewborn.Thetotal44ofcarenowfallsonhershoulders.Tamandanisupportsthefamilywithasmallbusinessthat45meetstheirdailyneeds.Thecostoftransportationtoaclubfootclinicwasnotsomethingshehadworkedintotheir46.Shortlyafterhisbirth,thedistricthospital47Leon’sfamilytotheHopeWalkspartnerclinicatBlantyreinMalawi.TamandanitookLeontohisfirstvisit,whereclinicians48thefirstcast(石膏)inthePonsetimethodoftreatment.Leoncriedalotmakinghermomfearthecastwastooheavyforher49legs.TheparentadvisorGertrudewasvery50withTamandani,educatingherabouttheclubfoottreatmentprocess,encouragingher,andstrengtheningthisyoungmom’s51.TamandanibelongstotheChurchofCentralAfricanPresbyterian,butthroughthis52,sheacceptedChristashersavior救星).“Originally,I53hopethatmychildcouldbetreatedfromclubfoot,”Tamandanisaid.“Ididn’tevenknowwheretogoforthetreatment.ButIthankGodforhis54.IndeedGod’stimingisthebest.”WhoknowsifLeonwillsomedaybeapoliceofficerashismotherdreams?Now55thankstoherhealing,itispossible.41.A.firemanB.sportsmanC.policemanD.businessman42.A.practiceB.realityC.effectD.sight43.A.realizingB.decidingC.admittingD.anticipating44.A.passionB.prejudiceC.stressD.guidance45.A.completelyB.ultimatelyC.broadlyD.barely46.A.scheduleB.assessmentC.budgetD.principle47.A.referredB.contributedC.extendedD.distributed48.A.combinedB.appliedC.exposedD.operated49.A.healthyB.strongC.brokenD.delicate50.A.anxiousB.guiltyC.contentD.patient51.A.faithB.doubtC.worryD.position52.A.trickB.trialC.sampleD.route53.A.offeredB.embracedC.raisedD.lost54.A.presenceB.blessingC.devotionD.cooperation55.A.atlargeB.atrandomC.atleastD.atbest第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面句子，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Renownedforitsterracottawarriors,theancientChinesecityofXi’aninShaanxiprovinceisalsoafoodparadise.DuetoitslocationontheancientSilkRoad,foodsinXi’an56(influence)byplacesfarandwide.alonghistoryofgrowingwheat,Xi’anishometovariouskindsofflour-basedfood,57evensimplenoodlesappearindifferentshapes,sizesandtastes.RoujiamoisoneofthemostfamousstreetfoodsinXi’anandisalsoknownasChina’s58(simplify)versionofthehamburger.Yangroupaomo,isanothersignaturefoodofXi’an,andit59(date)backto11thcenturyBC.Biangbiangnoodlesarethick,fatandlong.Eachbelt-likestrandisthreefingerswide,spiralingdownintoabigbowl.BiangbiangnoodlesarepopularamongChinese60itsdistinctivetasteaswellasitsname,61isacharactersocomplicatedmanyChinesedon’tevenknowhowtowriteit.Liangpiarecoldnoodlesmadefromwheatorriceflour,and62populardishinmanyotherplacesinChina,63(especial)insummer.mian,oil-sprayednoodleswithspicysauce,arehand-pullednoodleswithasizzlingoildressing.Boilingoilispouredoverthetop64(create)aspecialfragrancewhenserving.Apparently,Xi’anshowsgreat65(mature)infoodculture,attractingmanytouristseveryyear.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)；滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)(WritingCompetitionofEnglishClassicsBookReview)Josh寫一封郵件邀請(qǐng)他擔(dān)任評(píng)委。內(nèi)容包括：比賽介紹；評(píng)比要求。注意：80左右;請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearJosh,DearJosh,Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。ErieraisedhisdaughterRileyalone.OneEricnoticedayoungteenage