完形填空夾敘夾議文 - 高考英語 （原卷版）VIP

完形填空夾敘夾議文完形填空夾敘夾議文概述命題規(guī)律：考點(diǎn)：以實(shí)詞為主，側(cè)重對(duì)動(dòng)詞（短語）、名詞和形容詞的考查。重點(diǎn)在上下文語境理解上，詞匯運(yùn)用次之。每小題給出的單詞多為同一類詞。所設(shè)的選項(xiàng)更具有干擾性，更加強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)語境的考查。核心考點(diǎn)：邏輯推理，把考查的重點(diǎn)放在理解全文、通篇考慮、掌握大意、注重關(guān)聯(lián)等方面。題型和考查角度：1.句內(nèi)層次題：解題信息分布在本句內(nèi)部，邊讀邊填，多憑預(yù)感可知答案，難度較易。2.句組層次題：解題信息分布在設(shè)空處前后的一組句子中，瞻前顧后尋找暗示，難度一般。3.語篇層次題：解題信息分布在語篇的某一處甚至全篇，需要綜合推斷，難度較大。解題策略：1.重視首句，把握文章主題。首句往往是文章的關(guān)鍵句、引題句或主題句。通過首句可以初步判斷文章的寫作目的或?qū)懽鞅尘?，為全面理解文章找到突破口?.分析結(jié)構(gòu)，抓住作者觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。在做題時(shí)要借助文章結(jié)構(gòu)，認(rèn)真體會(huì)記敘和議論的關(guān)系，抓住作者的觀點(diǎn)，明確文章的組織方式?？次恼聦儆谏鲜瞿姆N結(jié)構(gòu)，從而明白作者的思路。利用上下文，關(guān)注過渡詞，理清邏輯關(guān)系。理清記敘與議論的轉(zhuǎn)換，及時(shí)調(diào)整思維方式，理清上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，在充分把握語境的基礎(chǔ)上，辨析詞語，進(jìn)一步把握作者的觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度，找到正確答案。?？歼壿嬯P(guān)系有：并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、遞進(jìn)、對(duì)比、因果、讓步、例證等。邏輯關(guān)系例詞對(duì)立關(guān)系：讓步和轉(zhuǎn)折but,however,yet,onthecontrary,bycontrast,unfortunately,although,eventhough,nevertheless,inspiteof,regardlessof,anyhow,insteadof,ratherthan,not…but等。因果關(guān)系because,for,since,as,thus,hence,therefore,so,so…that,such…that,inorderthat,consequently,accordingly,dueto,thanksto,inresponseto,onaccountof,becauseof,consideringthat,seeingthat,inthat,nowthat,asaresult,forthisreason等。并列關(guān)系and,or,neither…nor,either…or,notonly…butalso,likewise,similarly,equally,inthesameway,thatistosay,aswellas,thesame…as等。遞進(jìn)關(guān)系then,besides,additionally,inaddition,furthermore,moreover,whatismore,what’sworse,evenworse等?？偡株P(guān)系suchas,forexample,forinstance,toillustrate,asanillustration,totakeanexample,morespecifically等?！镜淅浚?023屆吉林省東北師大附中、長春一中等5所重點(diǎn)高中聯(lián)考）IhavetoadmitI’manold-schoolreader.Putsimply,I

41oldbooks.A．buy B．love C．recommend D．Hate復(fù)讀全文驗(yàn)答案：填空全部完成后，將選項(xiàng)代入原文，通讀一遍，看讀文是否流暢、語意是否連貫，對(duì)感到很不通順的地方，可以從語法、詞文、習(xí)慣用法、固定搭配、背景知識(shí)等方面進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證和確定答案。針對(duì)高考夾敘夾議性的完形填空題的解題技能要求較高，考試應(yīng)當(dāng)具有較強(qiáng)的聚合思維并保持注意力高度集中。在具體的解題中，還需掌握以下解題方法：知識(shí)點(diǎn)一利用首句解題首句通常是文章的主題句，便于考生對(duì)短文主題、內(nèi)容或背景有個(gè)大概了解。它的目的是向考生提供時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、論點(diǎn)等有用的信息。把握了主題句,

對(duì)于理解全文和解題很有幫助。（2023年新高考I卷）OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhave____21____thecourseearlierthanshedid.21.A.designed B.followed C.changed D.finished知識(shí)點(diǎn)二利用語境暗示解題上下文或語境具體體現(xiàn)為：全文的中心和主題、作者的態(tài)度和評(píng)價(jià)、上下文的語篇銜接、句際和段際關(guān)系。無論是句內(nèi)層次題還是句組層次題，我們?？赏ㄟ^上下文或語境暗示，推導(dǎo)出正確答案。(2020年全國卷Ⅰ)Iwonderif49.parentsshouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe50.consequences.Ihaveaverystrong51.fearthattheliewe'retellingisdoing52damagetoourchildren.A．physical B．biological C．spiritual D．behavioral知識(shí)點(diǎn)三利用情感態(tài)度解題在做完形填空時(shí)，我們一定要在快速閱讀文章的基礎(chǔ)上，留意能夠反映作者態(tài)度和感情色彩的詞匯。因?yàn)檫@些詞匯通常為我們做題的重要參考線索，可幫助我們快速確定某些題目的答案。(2021年天津高考3月)Formostpeople,havingthingsstolenfeelslikeanoffence.RobbiePruittadmittedthathegot16whenhediscoveredthetheftofhismountainbikelastSeptember.Butsoonenough,his17.emotionstookaturn.Afterlettinggoofhisangerandfrustration,hefoundhimselfonaroadtosympathy18.instead.A．a(chǎn)mazed B．madC．curious D．frightened知識(shí)點(diǎn)四利用生活常識(shí)或文化背景解題完形填空中往往滲透著諸如文化科學(xué)、歷史地理、風(fēng)俗人情等方面的知識(shí)，做題時(shí)利用這些知識(shí)，特別是注意中西方文化差異，巧妙地加以運(yùn)用將會(huì)大大簡化分析與判斷過程，節(jié)省寶貴的時(shí)間。1.(2020年天津高考)Joneswas21whenshesaidthatshedidn'tactually22.mindbeingcheated.A．a(chǎn)shamed B．shockedC．excited D．a(chǎn)mused2.Justlastyear,Iwas56.conductingaworkshopwhensomeoneknockedattheclassroomdoor.Awoman__57__theinterruptionandhandedmeanenvelope.57．A.regretted B．a(chǎn)voidedC．excused D．ignored知識(shí)點(diǎn)五分解長難句，理清句意遇到完形填空的長難句，可以采用意群兼顧句子成分把句子分割成一個(gè)個(gè)意群（可以是不定式短語、分詞短語、動(dòng)名詞短語、介詞短語、形容詞短語、名詞短語等）、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)和連接詞將其拆分為較易的簡單句，再根據(jù)選項(xiàng)和上下文意思解題。長難句詳見本專輯第八講《句子成分+基本句型+句子種類+長難句講練測(cè)》【典例】Oncethere,Lenouewas____49____andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.49.A.interrupted B.assessed C.identified D.appreciated考向一動(dòng)詞詞義辨析（2023年吉林省東北師大附中、長春一中等5所重點(diǎn)高中聯(lián)考）Aloneinanewcityto42myfirstdailynewspaperjob,IwasfeelingvaguelyanxiousasIdippedintoaused

bookstoreto43.relievemy

mind.42．A．stop B．lose C．keep D．take考向二名詞詞義辨析（2023年四川省成都七中高三檢測(cè)試題）Peoplemaymisunderstandwhattheyusedtobefamiliarwith.Iremembera41professor,invitedtoourschool,taughtstressmanagementprinciplesinaschoolhall42.filledwithstudents.41．A．physics B．chemistry C．literature D．psychology考向三形容詞詞義辨析（2023年湖北省高三年級(jí)5月聯(lián)考英語試題）Yettherangeoffactorsshapingeachgenerationismuch53thanitoncewas.53．A．smaller B．fuller C．shorter D．broader考向四副詞詞義辨析（2023年浙江省杭州市高三試題）Theiryoungsonwas42.fascinatedbytheswallowandaskedmanyquestionsaboutit.Asthefamilywasleaving,Iaskedtheboyifhewouldlikeastickertoputonhisshirt.He43choseaswallowsticker.quicklyB.slowlyC.deliberatelyD.casually考向五介詞詞義辨析（2023年浙江省杭州市高三試題）Irecentlypurchasedmyfirstlaptopcomputer.Indiscussionswiththe50.salesman,hesaid,“Withintwoyears,you’llprobablywantanewoneanyway.”WhywouldIwantanewone,51myoldonewasworking?Iwon’t53.needneedanewlaptopintwoyears.A．if B．for C．but D．Besides（2018年全國I卷）Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege，Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga"free"course,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I____41____theideaoftakingtheclassbecause,afterall,whodoesn'twantto____42____afewdollars?Morethanthat,I'dalwayswantedtolearnchess.And,evenifIweren’t____43____enoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutour____44____wasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,which____45____Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame's____46____.Icouldhardlywaitto____47____him.MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis____48____wasnogameforhim:hemeantbusiness.Inhisintroduction,hemadeit____49____thatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.Inorderto_____50_____theclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto_____51_____whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand,_____52_____,toourlives.ImanagedtogetanAinthat_____53_____andlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe_____54_____.TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I'mstillputtingtousewhathe_____55_____me:“Theabsolutemostimportant_____56_____thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegood_____57_____.Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto_____58_____asituation,processwhatyouropponent(對(duì)手）isdoingand_____59_____thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.”Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmy_____60_____asajournalist.41.A.putforward B.jumpedat C.triedout D.turneddown42.A.waste B.earn C.save D.pay43.A.excited B.worried C.moved D.tired44.A.title B.competitor C.textbook D.instructor45.A.urged B.demanded C.held D.meant46.A.fastest B.easiest C.best D.rarest47.A.interview B.meet C.challenge D.beat48.A.chance B.qualification C.honor D.job49.A.real B.perfect C.clear D.possible50.A.attend B.pass C.skip D.observe51.A.add B.expose C.apply D.compare52.A.eventually B.naturally C.directly D.normally53.A.game B.presentation C.course D.experiment54.A.criterion B.classroom C.department D.situation55A.taught B.wrote C.questioned D.promised56.A.fact B.step C.manner D.skill57.A.grades B.decisions C.impressions D.comments58.A.analyze B.describe C.rebuild D.control59.A.announce B.signal C.block D.evaluate60.A.role B.desire C.concern D.behavior（2018年北京卷）TheHomelessHeroFormany,findinganunattendedwalletfilledwith￡400incashwouldbeasource（來源）oftemptation（誘惑）.Butthe____16____wouldnodoubtbegreaterifyouwerelivingonthestreetswithlittlefoodandmoney.AllofthismakestheactionsofthehomelessTomSmith_____17_____moreremarkable.Afterspottinga____18____onthefrontseatinsideaparkedcarwithitswindowdown,hestoodguardintherainforabouttwohourswaitingforthe_____19_____toreturn.Afterhoursinthecoldandwet,he_____20_____insideandpulledthewalletouthopingtofindsomeIDsohecouldcontact（聯(lián)系）thedriver,onlyto_____21_____itcontained￡400innotes,withanother￡50insparechangebesideit.Hethentookthewallettoanearbypolicestationafter_____22_____anotebehindtolettheownerknowitwassafe.Whenthecar’sownerJohnAndersonandhiscolleagueCarolLawrencereturnedtothecar—whichwasitselfworth￡35,000—inGlasgowcitycentre,theywere_____23_____tofindtwopolicemenstandingnexttoit.ThepolicementoldthemwhatMr.Smithdidandthatthewalletwas_____24_____.ThepairwerelaterabletothankMr.Smithforhis_____25_____.Mr.Andersonsaid：＂Icouldn’tbelievethattheguynevertookapenny.Tothinkheissleepingonthestreetstonight_____26_____hecouldhavestolenthemoneyandpaidforaplacetostayin.Thisguyhasnothingand_____27_____hedidn’ttakethewalletforhimself；hethoughtaboutothers_____28_____.It’sunbelievable.Itjustprovesthereare____29____guysoutthere.＂Mr.Smith’sact_____30_____muchofthepublic’sattention.HealsowonpraisefromsocialmediausersafterMr.Anderson_____31_____abouttheactofkindnessonFacebook.NowMr.Andersonhassetupanonlinecampaignto_____32_____moneyforMr.Smithandotherhomelesspeopleinthearea,whichbyyesterdayhadreceived￡8,000.＂Ithinkthefaiththateveryonehasshown_____33_____himhastouchedhim.Peoplehavebeenapproachinghim